I detta examensarbete undersöks effekterna av trafiklänkavbrott med varaktighet på ett flertal månader. Arbetet använder Sampers, ett trafikslagsövergripande analyssystem som kan prognostisera trafikförändringar och utföra samhällsekonomiska kalkyler. Arbetets syfte är att skapa en metodik för användning av Sampers vid sådana undersökningar, samt att tillämpa metodiken på en fallstudie av jordskred i Göta älvdalen.Fallstudien, framtagen av Statens geotekniska institut, består av fem scenarier för jordskred längs Göta älv i Västra Götaland. I varje scenario drabbas antingen väg E45, en fyrfältig motorväg med dragning längs älven, eller både E45 och Norge/Vänernbanan, en dubbelspårig järnväg som till delar följer vägens sträckning. Både vägen och järnvägen är viktiga transportstråk och används av ett stort antal trafikanter.Den metodik som skapas omfattar tre alternativ på analysmetoder, som tillsammans utgör ett spann av samhällsekonomiska kostnader.

The report addresses four main tasks, situation analysis of the company's total costs and transportation volume, cost analysis associated with the adjustment of the filling ratio, transport costs for the expansion and new expenses on a combination of expansion with new adjusted filling ratio.  Increasing transport costs for the company was the main reason for the request of the current situation analysis. A survey of the total cost with the actual volumes and transport provider pricing is the basis of the analysis that extends from May 2006 to October 2008. The results show an increase in costs, both overall expense and per cubic meter of transported goods. Volume spreads, trends, and seasonal variations are according to our and the company?s expectations.

This master thesis sets out to compare the different public transport modes in Stockholm city.Both energy consumption and air pollution are compared. The chosen transport methods are car,bus and metro.Traditionally the rail industry has had environmental arguments as a strong competitiveadvantage when it comes to passenger transportation. However, in recent years the automotiveindustry has been getting more positive media attention regarding environmental issues, forexample Roger Kemp?s statement that the car is the most environmental friendly passengertransportation mode in the UK. This study will show the environmental advantages of railwaytraffic in cities.The energy sources of the world are not endless and the use of the different sources affects theenvironment in different ways.

Wipro Infrastructure Engineering i Skellefteå tillverkar hydrauliska cylinderapplikationer. Företaget är ledande på den europeiska marknaden och har ny Indisk ägare Wipro Ltd. sedan 2006. Tillsammans är koncernen den tredje största tillverkaren i världen av hydraulcylindrar. Målsättningen är självklart att bli nummer ett. Det görs och har gjorts stora satsningar på att förändra tankesättet för hur produktionen av hydraulcylindrar ska se ut i Skellefteåfabriken.

Wipro Infrastructure Engineering i Skellefteå tillverkar hydrauliska cylinderapplikationer. Företaget är ledande på den europeiska marknaden och har ny Indisk ägare Wipro Ltd. sedan 2006. Tillsammans är koncernen den tredje största tillverkaren i världen av hydraulcylindrar. Målsättningen är självklart att bli nummer ett.

This thesis aims to present the essential background on how to perform climate changeimpact assessments, and to present the results from a climate impact assessment on waterbalance and nitrate leaching for an arable Swedish soil. The soil is a sandy soil in southwesternSweden, grown with spring cereals. This study is meant to be a benchmark example,and cannot be seen as a regional or national assessment for Sweden, rather as an approachto present and analyze the most important parts of these kinds of assessments.A dynamical simulation model (COUP, Jansson and Karlberg, 2004) was used for thisstudy. The model was parameterized and calibrated against data from an experimental site,located in Mellby in Hallands county, south western Sweden. Measurements were carriedout between 1st of April 1988 and 1st of April 1991.

Intense competition among companies and luck or unavailability of certain resources in country of company?s origin force last to cross the borders, and start to hunt for new markets and cheaper inputs. However, by investing abroad the company is not only facing and dealing with cultural differences and new regulatory framework, but also becomes dependent on decisions and actions of different and to large extend unknown government. Moreover, the majority of the investments? flows are directed to developing countries, where power and capabilities of state authorities are considered to be more extensive than in countries of developed economies.

This thesis aims to present the essential background on how to perform climate changeimpact assessments, and to present the results from a climate impact assessment on waterbalance and nitrate leaching for an arable Swedish soil. The soil is a sandy soil in southwesternSweden, grown with spring cereals. This study is meant to be a benchmark example,and cannot be seen as a regional or national assessment for Sweden, rather as an approachto present and analyze the most important parts of these kinds of assessments.A dynamical simulation model (COUP, Jansson and Karlberg, 2004) was used for thisstudy. The model was parameterized and calibrated against data from an experimental site,located in Mellby in Hallands county, south western Sweden. Measurements were carriedout between 1st of April 1988 and 1st of April 1991.

Problem Discussion: Nissan Diesel became a part of the Volvo Group in the end of March, 2007. A year has passed and the integration process is making progress but it is perceived to lack some momentum. Our sponsor would like to understand if there are any potential barriers to the integration process. (Haspeslagh, et al., 1991) and (Pablo, 1994) presents two different sets of determinants that can be used to decide the level of integration; ?difference in organizational culture? and ?strategic task? (Pablo, 1994) and ?Need for Organizational Autonomy? and ?Need for Strategic Interdependence? (Haspeslagh, et al., 1991).

The purpose of this Master thesis is to examine whether the term elasticity is relevant and functional to apply to public library organisations. Another aim of the thesis is to relate the term elasticity to public library organisations in a network society. Sociologist Manuel Castells provide the theoretical framework on the network society. Three investigations (meant to complement each other) in two Swedish public libraries seek to give answers to these questions.To be able to examine which areas of public library activity are elastic, I make a rough definition of what public library organisations consist of ? nine activity fields are identified using IFLA?s guidelines in combination with Swedish law of public libraries.

Combustion of fossil fuels is today the dominating source of energy. During combustion,carbon dioxide is formed. The carbon dioxide accumulates in the atmosphere,which raises the global average temperature on earth through the so called greenhouseeffect. The only way to reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide from combustionin a coal fired power plant is through carbon capture and storage (CCS).Post-combustion capture is a technology to separate carbon dioxide from the uegas after the combustion for efficient transport and storage. The steady state operationof coal fired power plants with post combustion capture has already beenthoroughly investigated on a pilot scale, however much work remains to investigatethe plants dynamic operation.

Syftet med denna rapport var att ta fram underlag som ska kunna ligga till grund för en eventuell framtida standardisering av brandvattentillgången på rangerbangårdar klassade som farlig verksamhet. Detta har gjorts genom litteraturstudie på ämnen rörande rangerbangårdar, farligt godsolyckor, brandvattenförsörjning samt lagstiftning som styr anläggningar klassade som farlig verksamhet. Utöver en omfattande litteraturstudie har intervjuer med två räddningstjänster genomförts för att få deras syn på brandvattenförsörjning av rangerbangårdar. I Sverige finns 13 rangerbangårdar som alla ägs av Trafikverket som enligt Lagen om skydd mot olyckor (LSO) är skyldig att i skälig omfattning hålla och bekosta utrustning för släckning av brand. Konsulter har på uppdrag av Trafikverket utfört riskanalyser på några av de rangerbangårdar som är klassade som farlig verksamhet och kommit fram till att brandvattensystemen på flera av rangerbangårdarna måste utredas vidare då de anses vara underdimensionerade och otillräckliga.

Syftet med denna rapport var att ta fram underlag som ska kunna ligga till grund för en eventuell framtida standardisering av brandvattentillgången på rangerbangårdar klassade som farlig verksamhet. Detta har gjorts genom litteraturstudie på ämnen rörande rangerbangårdar, farligt godsolyckor, brandvattenförsörjning samt lagstiftning som styr anläggningar klassade som farlig verksamhet. Utöver en omfattande litteraturstudie har intervjuer med två räddningstjänster genomförts för att få deras syn på brandvattenförsörjning av rangerbangårdar. I Sverige finns 13 rangerbangårdar som alla ägs av Trafikverket som enligt Lagen om skydd mot olyckor (LSO) är skyldig att i skälig omfattning hålla och bekosta utrustning för släckning av brand. Konsulter har på uppdrag av Trafikverket utfört riskanalyser på några av de rangerbangårdar som är klassade som farlig verksamhet och kommit fram till att brandvattensystemen på flera av rangerbangårdarna måste utredas vidare då de anses vara underdimensionerade och otillräckliga.

Servera R&S AB is Sweden?s largest wholesale company within the restaurant and food service industry. Servera R&S AB is the daughter company to Axel Johnson AB, which in turn is a part of the Axel Johnson Group with Antonia Ax:son Johnson as the owner. Servera is a nation wide company with a business concept of offering a complete selection of merchandise and services to the professional food service market. The company is split into for different regions: the north region, the middle region, the southwest region, and the southeast region and has its headquarter in Stockholm.

Climate changes today are mainly caused by anthropogenic activities and the increased emissions of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere and this has raised questions on how to reduce the usage of fossil fuels. Ethanol is a good alternative to conventional gas and has been used in Brazil since the 1970 ?s. In Sweden several newspapers has written about the poor working conditions on many farms thus making the Swedish company SEKAB design a certification for their ethanol to ensure that it can be considered to be a sustainable alternative.Furthermore WWF has developed a certification tool called Bonsucro in cooperation with Coca Cola, Ferrero group, BP and Shell. This is due to the fact that no global certification tool has been available up until now.