This has been a thesis work for an bachelor degree at Umeå university. The work has been done at LKAB?s facilities in Kiruna and its main purpose has been to investigate and construct some conceptual designs for replacing a screen with magnetic separation in KA3 concentrator plant. First all information available about magnetic separation was gathered and studies of magnetic separation at the sorting plant and studies of the plant KA3 was conducted. Companies that manufacture magnetic separators were contacted.

Emissionskraven på fordon blir allt högre och för att kunna uppnå kraven krävs en allt mer förfinad teknik. Att kunna mäta och verifiera hur bra teknikerna fungerar är en viktig del av utvecklingsarbetet och fungerande mätmetoder är ett måste. Genom att återcirkulera avgaser (EGR ? Exhaust Gas Recirculation) till insuget i en förbränningsmotor sänks andelen syre och förbränningstemperaturen, vilket leder till minskad bildning av kväveoxider. För mycket återcirkulerade avgaser leder till ökade utsläpp av partiklar, för att optimera reduceringen av kväveoxider utan att öka utsläppen av partiklar behöver EGR-gaserna fördelas jämnt mellan cylindrarna.

In this report listed buildings, according to the Swedish Heritage Conservation Act, have been studied with a focus on cases where economical compensation has been given to the owner of the building and cases where the listing of the building has been appealed by the owner. In order for a building to become listed it needs to be particularly valuable from a cultural and historical standpoint. The listed buildings are protected through a list of regulations that determines which parts of the building can or cannot be changed, what methods and materials should be used for changes and repairs, and how the building should be maintained. These regulations should as far as possible be formulated in agreement with the owner, but a building can become listed against the owners will. To decrease the damage this causes the owner he can in some cases have the right to economical compensation. There is also a possibility for the owner to appeal the listing of the building.

In Sweden and in the rest of the world we face the problem how to create a sustainable development. At the same time the Swedish million program, a housing program made in the 1960:s and 1970:s, is facing a renewal due to lack of maintenance during many years. An attempt to join these two interests has been made in the residential area of Gårdsten north of Gothenburg. This paper is a case study to review the project and its approach to the sustainability concept. The purpose is to spread knowledge about the problems that can arise. By studying documentation about the reconstruction I have analyzed the approach that has been used. The housing company?s starting point was user participation and an intention to make the changes visible.

The aim of our Master´s thesis is to investigate the development of the different libraries in the former communities of Flisby and Lofta during the former part of the twentieth century. We ask the following questions:How did the libraries in Flisby and Lofta develop between the years of 1905 and 1952?How can we understand the libraries? dependency of funding of different kinds? We have used case study as a method, and we have adopted a source criticism approach. We have mainly used our local archives and among other things we have investigated various sorts of protocols, annual reports, auditor?s reports and the accounts that were sent to the Board of Education.

To be able to maintain an adequate ITservice for various users and needs,more municipalities are looking at thepossibility for mergers of local ITdepartments. One solution for mergingmultiple services/functions and creatingsynergy opportunities is called SharedService Center (SSC). The concept of SSCis that the administrative serviceitself becomes a core activity withinthe organization. The aim of this thesisis to provide municipalities who areconsidering a merging of their local ITdepartments with recommendations on howto design the Shared IT Service Center.Recommendations are outlined based on ananalysis of IT-management literature,reports and by conducting a study onthree ongoing collaborations.The conclusions drawn from the studysuggest guidelines for the design of aShared IT Service Center formunicipalities. These are as following:Create a vision associated with aspecific and structured target state.Identify needs for different targetgroups in municipalities and set acommon standard.Create a clear and practical model/SLAappearance of the cooperation andagreement.Ensure the individual municipalitiescommissioning skills in order to notlose it in the context of a common IToperation.Find an organization that is democraticfor member municipalities andfacilitates long-term partnership.Specify the operation and maintenance sothat it can be regulated and controlledEstablish a common help desk.Establish a common standard andconsolidated infrastructure before theintroduction of a common technology platform..

When constructing a new house many questions appear, from architecture to decisions regarding installations. Sweden is situated in a cold part of the planet and questions regarding which heating system to install face everyone who decides to build a new house. This thesis describes a construction solution of a villa in Kiruna. The extended essay analyzes which heating system is most suitable for the construction. The options are geothermal, district and pellet heating systems.

This report is a result of a bachelor thesis at the school of Architecture and the Built environment (corresponding to 15 HP) and is written during spring 2012 at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in Stockholm. The Bachelor's essay is based on the design and dimensioning of a house which is located at a predetermined site in Malmo, Sweden.The idea is to construct a house that is appropriate to use for an average Swedish family of four family members. The house is designed in a modern way with respect to ease of access and disabled facilities. The installation that have been considered are heating, ventilation, sanitation and electricity. Construction calculations and material selection are also discussed.Furthermore, a study about photovoltaic cells has been done.

The project was carried out with SwedSafe AB, engaged in hearing and manufacture of earplugs. Since the company is a world leader in the sale of these products, it is important that they keep a higher level of quality of these products.Production of earplugs is currently a automated manufacturing process that is divided into four conveyor belts and one of the conveyor belts is what will be affected in the project. The belt affected during this process is exposed to various elements such as filling, closing, fermentation and extraction of products. Because the belt gets dirty, degraded products and the work environment is affected. To increase the quality of products and improve the working environment requires an automatic cleaning process, which collects dirt from the belt.The aim of the project is to design a machine that prevents the belt from becoming dirty, preserve molds clean and improve the working environment without disrupting production.

The first commercially produced wind turbines in Sweden are starting to reach theend of their lifetime after approximately 25 years of producing energy. The cost fordismantling the turbines, according to Ardefors et al. (2009), is calculated to be 1-2 %of the total investment of the wind turbines. The purpose of this master thesis is tomap the dismantling process of wind turbines in Sweden and try to find a sustainablesolution for the future.To make sure that a correct dismantling process takes place, and that the financialaspect is covered, a proposal for a financial guarantee is worked upon. A nationalunanimity will be created through a financial guarantee and the risk will be minimalof a third party getting afflicted.Studies of literature and interviews have been carried out.

One of the distinguishing features of successful societies is the ability to adapt to change, bothsocial but also natural changes like climate change. Climate change is a complex, dynamic,non-linear process with a great deal of uncertainty concerning the time perspective, risks andconsequences. A combination of factors like climate change, geographical vulnerability, adensely populated and highly built up coast line along with factors like deficient handling ofsurface runoff and a large usage of ground water leads to an increasingly vulnerable society. Italso puts a greater pressure on the society to have preventive measures in place.The number of actors working with preparing society to the expected impacts of climatechange and variability is increasing. However more than half of Sweden?s municipalities donot consider changing climatic conditions when planning, and many times even allow theconstruction of new living areas in known climatically vulnerable areas.

The aim of the study was to focus on well-being and sexuality for a woman in a couple?s relationship. Seven women were interviewed and the analysis was carried out with a phenomenological approach based on lifeworld theory. The respondents reported their lived experiences of well-being. The result is summarized in five constituents: the relationship?s common living-space, looking for companionship, the relationship as touching, the intimacy of the relationship and the importance of other people for the relationship.

The use of earth bricks in Scanian building traditionThe present work is concerned with the manufacturing and use of earth bricks inbuilt heritage in the south Swedish province of Scania. The first part of the studyprovides a thorough description of the traditional use and manufacturing of earthbricks based on relevant literature, archive material as well as interviews withinformants. This forms a basis for the second part of the study in which practicalexperiments on and tests with earth bricks where carried out. This involved themaking of traditional earth bricks of different composition. The new handmadebricks were compared with industrially produced bricks (extrusion bricks) and oldhandmade bricks.

The unheated greenhouse was originally a development from orangeries in the 1700th century and in 1930 and 1940 in blocks of greenhouses in the province of Scania. Today unheated greenhouses are used in permaculture, in the?eco villages? and in commercial culturing. Of the total Swedish commercial greenhouse area is today 8 % used as unheated greenhouses (SJV). This essay is based on the acceptance that unheated greenhouses will have a renaissance as production units. In the light of the today?s debate about energy ? and environment and the condition concerning this, the unheated greenhouse becomes an alternative. The purpose of this essay is to make an arguing synopsis about unheated greenhouses for using in acting as teacher, consultant and inspirer and also for taking part of the acceptance as ?for? or ?against?. The information is based on literature studies and information gathered with the keywords unheated greenhouse, coolhouse, coldhouse, greenhouse, type of greenhouse, orangery, greenhouse cultur, swedish greenhouse culture and permaculture, data gathering through SCB/SJV and by interviews with persons in the garden branch. My conclusion is that the unheated greenhouse could have a renaissance as a production unit. In this context it is important to give cultivators of greenhouses with experiences of unheated greenhouses great possibilities to share their knowledge, and through education possibility to change attitudes concerning unheated greenhouses. .

In this report listed buildings, according to the Swedish Heritage Conservation Act, have been studied with a focus on cases where economical compensation has been given to the owner of the building and cases where the listing of the building has been appealed by the owner. In order for a building to become listed it needs to be particularly valuable from a cultural and historical standpoint. The listed buildings are protected through a list of regulations that determines which parts of the building can or cannot be changed, what methods and materials should be used for changes and repairs, and how the building should be maintained. These regulations should as far as possible be formulated in agreement with the owner, but a building can become listed against the owners will. To decrease the damage this causes the owner he can in some cases have the right to economical compensation. There is also a possibility for the owner to appeal the listing of the building.