This report evaluates whether normal approximation or resampling is to prefer for estimating the distribution of the Sample mean and functions of the Sample mean. The evaluation relies on simulation studies. The observations of the Sample are allowed to be differently distributed. In the case of Sample means they are also allowed to be dependent.For Sample means the two approximations behaves very similar. The most important component whether we have a good or a bad approximation is how good the approximations catch the variance of the true distribution.

This report evaluates whether normal approximation or resampling is to prefer for estimating the distribution of the Sample mean and functions of the Sample mean. The evaluation relies on simulation studies. The observations of the Sample are allowed to be differently distributed. In the case of Sample means they are also allowed to be dependent.For Sample means the two approximations behaves very similar. The most important component whether we have a good or a bad approximation is how good the approximations catch the variance of the true distribution.

This study compares the Sample variance of the mean in a simple random Sample (SRS) and a systematic Sample from a surface. The study also compares the prediction error variance in a SRS and systematic Sample from a random field. Recommendations are presented on which method to use in the clearance and exemption process in the nuclear industry. The results indicate that quadratic systematic sampling outperformed SRS in most instances and proved to be especially efficient in the presence of a long-ranged covariance function and high sampling intensity (i.e. short distances between observations).

This report evaluates whether normal approximation or resampling is to prefer for estimating the distribution of the Sample mean and functions of the Sample mean. The evaluation relies on simulation studies. The observations of the Sample are allowed to be differently distributed. In the case of Sample means they are also allowed to be dependent.For Sample means the two approximations behaves very similar. The most important component whether we have a good or a bad approximation is how good the approximations catch the variance of the true distribution.

A Sample of milk inoculated with S. aureus was treated with penicillin, and Antipen (a new commercial product containing penicillinase) was added. To another Sample with S. aureus and penicillin, formic acid to pH 5 was added, and to yet another Sample, a combination of formic acid and Antipen was added. Controls with no penicillin were treated in the same way.

The aim of this study was to establish knowledge about the most suitable substrate for cultivating different kinds of anaerobic beer spoilage bacteria in the brewing industry. During the study, two other aspects were investigated; if the Sample volume affects the results and which anaerobic beer spoilage bacteria are present in the micro flora at the brewery. The method used was standard cultivation with four different substrates; Universal Beer Agar, Nachweismedium Bierschädliche Bakterien, Raka Ray and VLB S7-S. During the identification of bacteria in the micro flora, a method using PCR was used. None of the substrates showed a significant advantage over the others.

X-ray fluorescence (XRF) detection of heavy metals is a cost- and time-effective method for investigation of polluted areas. Compared to laboratory analysis, XRF analysis is limited by high detection limits and uncertainties in some situations. Preparation of Samples is known to affect the results of measurements.The purpose of this thesis is to bring a deeper understanding of how different factors affect the results of XRF-analysis. A large number of measurements have been made with the instruments Niton XLt 700 and Niton Xli 700. Results from measurements of lead, zinc and copper have been analysed.This study has shown that a greater moisture content will give a lower measured concentration for the same Sample.

Introduction: It is recommended to place all the vacuum tubes directly on a Sample cradle after vein puncture to prevent analytic error. This recommendation is not always easy to follow because the Samples are taken by different professionals under different situations.  The three most common analyses, platelets count, haemoglobin and prothrombin time were tested.  Therefore, it was interesting to compare results from the three most common analyses with or without Sample cradle, to evaluate the influence of this step on the result. Methods: Three analyses were preformed, using blood from 50 different persons. Each person gave two vacuum tubes, each contained 4.5mL of venous blood for the study.

Intermodulated force microscope (ImAFM) is a type of dynamic AFM. ImAFM opens up possibilities for mapping the topography and making quantitative determinations of material parameters at the same time. With increased information the need to generate more informative images of the Sample emerges. In this Bachelor's degree project I have created tools for rendering images of a Sample. The topography is plotted as the height and a material parameter is color coded on topography.

This report describes the development of a Sample loader for my diploma work at Q-linea AB in Uppsala. The Sample loader will replace the process of loading fluid Samples into Q-linea?s instrument for biomolecule analysis. The earlier process was done by hand and was a time consuming and inefficient task.The work was initiated with a design phase where an overview of the system was created. The Sample loader will be receiving text commands from a PC that coordinates all the subsystems like pumps and lasers on the analysis instrument.

This report describes the development of a Sample loader for my diploma work at Q-linea AB in Uppsala. The Sample loader will replace the process of loading fluid Samples into Q-linea?s instrument for biomolecule analysis. The earlier process was done by hand and was a time consuming and inefficient task.The work was initiated with a design phase where an overview of the system was created. The Sample loader will be receiving text commands from a PC that coordinates all the subsystems like pumps and lasers on the analysis instrument.

This paper replicates a test performed by Burgstahler and Dichev (1997), which identifies a kink in the frequency distribution of earnings for companies listed on American stock exchanges. Their claim, that the kink is evidence of earnings management, has however been dismissed as a methodical consequence. To address this concern, this paper not only replicates the test in general, but also performs tests on a split Sample, where founding family-owned companies are separated from the others, since earlier research has shown that founding family ownership is correlated with less earnings management. The results are in line with the findings of Burgstahler and Dichev, with a significant kink in the frequency distribution in the general test. The findings also show that the significance of the kink increases in the non-family-owned Sample, while it disappears in the family-owned Sample.

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether gallop training, rather than regular drive training, is worthwhile for trotters race performance. Another aim of the study was to expand the author?s riding- and driving capacity, and get more practical experience on the impact of interval training on trotters. The Sample population in the study was two trotters, one Standardbred, and one cold-blood. Given the small Sample population, the results of the study is only indicative on the effects of gallop training on trotters, and not conclusive.

During this master thesis, wear and friction properties for the high-temperature alloy Kanthal APMT were studied. The results were also compared to 253MA. The initial tests showed, among other things, that the surface fineness of the muffle tubes matters in real applications like conveyor belts. A 253MA-Sample wear-tested against a 253MA-tube showed lowest wear at 900°C while a pre-oxidized APMT-Sample wear-tested against a APMT-tube had the lowest mean value of the friction force at 1100°C, compared to all other tests..

Syftet med denna uppsats är att modellera och prognostisera Sveriges varuexport, varuimport och handelsnetto. Vi använder oss av data från januari 1975 till och med augusti 2010 för respektive serie. Dessa data testas och jämförs i olika ARIMA- och SARIMA-modeller samt skattas även medelst säsongsreningsprogrammet TRAMO/SEATS. För de modeller som bäst passar serierna genomförs därefter in Sample- och out of Sample-analyser med felmåtten RMSE och MAPE. Modellerna med bäst felmått och som därpå väljs ut för att göra prognoser för serierna till och med augusti 2012 är (3,1,0)x(0,1,1) för export, (2,1,1)x(0,1,1) för import samt (0,1,1)x(0,1,1) skattad i TRAMO/SEATS för handelsnetto..