The Motor Group of the European Council was commissioned in the autumn of 1997 to prepare a proposal for a new European Bus and Coach Directive. In the beginning, most of the Member States did not have the accessibility requirements as their main concern; still a smaller network with actors from the National delegations from Britain, Germany and Sweden would influence the other National delegations in the Council group to finally agree to retain the requirement of accessibility of the Directive. Within the EU decision process, the European Disability movement acted as a strong player during the whole negotiation process using the proposal to a new Bus and Coach Directive as a tool to influence key actors to go towards a Directive with a strong approach for accessibility.Policy Transfer and Policy Transfer Network are used as analytical tools to understand and structure the transfer of the question of accessibility during the negotiation process. Actors understanding how the bureaucratic process works within the EU decision system have a chance to contributing for the changes in the directions they wishes for within a range of policy areas. The principal aim of the Directive was to guarantee the safety of passengers and to provide technical prescription in particular to wheelchair users.

Bakgrund: Vårdplatserna på svenska sjukhus har minskat drastiskt det senaste decenniet.  Detta har inneburit en högre beläggning på de kvarvarande och medfört längre väntetid på landets akutmottagningar. Platsbristen skapar, ibland dagliga, överbeläggningar och utlokaliseringar av patienter.Syfte: Att undersöka hur sjuksköterskor och läkare upplever att vårdplatssituationen påverkar deras arbete och vad detta får för konsekvenser för patienterna.Metod: Kvalitativ design med semistrukturerade intervjuer med tre läkare och nio sjuksköterskor från akutvårdsavdelning med inriktning infektion, mottagning med akutintag och akutmottagning. Analysarbetet genomfördes med Malteruds (2009) innehållsanalys. Resultat: Vårdplatssituationen kommer sig av en brist på vårdplatser inom främst medicindivisionen, samt en oförmåga att hålla de platser som finns öppna på grund av sjuksköterskebrist. Bristen på vårdplatser har inneburit en oförmåga för läkare och sjuksköterskor att utföra sitt arbete i enlighet med sin kompetens och beprövad erfarenhet.Slutsats: Svårigheterna med att finna platser till patienterna på deras hemavdelningar samt de ständiga omflyttningarna av patienter medför svårigheter för vårdpersonalen att ge god medicinsk vård och omvårdnad vilket medför stora risker för patientsäkerheten.

The 1990s were one of the most profitable periods for European airline companies, mainly because of development of world economy and increasing globalisation trends. However, towards the end of the decade, a global economic downturn, high oil prices and new forms of competition turned the industry towards troubled times. The European air-travel industry had to face and accept the new airline business concept, called low-cost or no-frill airlines. In these conditions, traditional airlines had to rethink their strategies and question the old business model. As a response to the competition, European traditional full-service airlines formed alliances or networks to expand the route network and to increase efficiency.

This report is a bachelor thesis work in the field of product development and design. The assignment has been to develop a solution for roof racks, normally used for cars, to fit on the open trailer models FS1425 and Alugance. The project was implemented by Johan Andersson and Victor Karlsson, students at the Mechanical Engineering program with a focus on product development and design at Jo?nko?ping?s school of Engineering, in spring 2012.The client wants to use transport solutions in the same way as roof racks on cars. The user of such a product is assumed to desire simplicity, safety and an attractive design with an appealing price, which has been a challenge during the thesis work.Pre-studies have been conducted to examine the potential competitors and gain knowledge in the research area.

In todays high-technological society where the Internet plays a central role in our day-to-day life, many e-retailers are not able to attract customers to complete a transaction on their website. In order to succeed, many e-commerce sites must improve several safety aspects regarding online payment, in order to be perceived as a reliable and secured retailer. The purpose of this paper is to investigate if increment in various combinations and aspects in online payment will in fact improve the customer's perception of the e-retailer and result in completed transactions. In order to investigate this aspect, an experiment was conducted to be able to compare eight independent groups, that each had been exposed to a different security scenario on the online payment website of either a known or unknown retailer. Our results clearly prove that perceived security of the retailer's payment website increases willingness to purchase from the retailer.

Background:Studies show that when nurses are experiencing problems in the care of non-Swedish speaking patients, it is often due to obstacles in the communication. Studies also show that a prerequisite for adequate care is that there is a basis for a direct communication. Nurses perceive interpreters as an important link to the patient when they do not share a mutual language, the nurses perceive interpreters as a bridge in the conversation.Aim:The purpose of the study is to describe nurses' experiences of the quality of assessments done with the help of an interpreter.Method:The study was conducted through interviews with ten nurses, working at psychiatric clinics. Qualitative content analysis was used for the analysis, which resulted in five categories.Results:The analysis resulted in one theme: "it´s the interpreter who tells me and have not the feeling that the patient has" and five categories: "shades of the language", "conversation structure", "the interpreter's competence", "interpreting implementing" and "the interpreter's gender and origin". The nurses experience working with interpreters as a challenge.

The aim of this study was to describe home care personnel and their experiences in palliative care. The design was qualitative and data were collected through interviews. Five home care personnel were interviewed, all women, whom have experience of palliative home care.The material was then analysed with qualitative content analysis and eight main categories, derived from experiences of home care personnel, were identified: relationship, safety, quality of care, a better end-of-life, routine, information, knowledge and competence, and work environment. The result showed that all participants of this study identified themselves as family members of the patients whom they had cared for during a long period of time. Additionally, the participants were emotionally touched when the patient died.The majority experienced that the patients do receive good care in their homes.

The purpose of this study is to examine the medial depiction of Muslims in the case of Pastor Terry Jones' intention to burn the Quran. Our study is based on theoretical framework regarding an alleged clash of civilizations, how that leads to global conflicts and controls the world politics. It?s also based on the western way of characterize Muslims as violent, irrational human beings, and how mass media have a tendency to depict Muslims as ?the others?. The questions we aim to seek answers to are: How were Muslims portrayed in CNN's and Al-Jazeera's reporting regarding Terry Jones plan to burn the Quran? Which discourses exist about Muslims in each news channel and what are the main differences between them? The qualitative method used is a critical discourse analysis on empirical data consistently of twelve articles.

This Masters Thesis is about the Swedish National Council for Cultural Affairs and the arms length principle. The principle is used to explain the separation of power between two parts with a common interest. The main purpose is to elucidate if, and if so in what way, the arms length principle can be used to explain the relation between the National Council for Cultural Affairs and the Ministry of Education and Culture, i.e. the Swedish government, but also to examine the structures of power and relations within the Council. In the thesis we show that in the field of cultural policy the content of the arm lengths principle varies due to the many interpretations of the meaning.

Bakgrund: En intrahospital transport (IHT) är en förlängning av patientens fortsatta vård och därför en naturlig del av intensivvårdssjuksköterskans uppgifter, en uppgift som är förknippad med höga risker för patienten. Syftet: Att belysa intensivvårdssjuksköterskans erfarenheter av oförutsedda händelser i samband med IHT samt deras reflektioner på patientsäkerheten vid IHT. Metod: En pilotstudie genomfördes med en fokusgruppintervju bestående av fem intensivvårdssjuksköterskor. Insamlad data analyserades med hjälp av kvalitativ innehållsanalys med induktiv ansats. Resultat: Fokusgruppen har erfarenheter av oförutsedda händelser som är av både system- och patientrelaterande art.

This paper intends to show how micro- and small businesses in the tourism and experience industry makes use of social media as a marketing tool. The study also shows the possibilities for businesses to market themselves to customers through social media. Small businesses usually don?t have the same conditions or the same marketing resources that larger companies have. For small businesses that lack marketing resources, social media is a great addition to marketing since the technology around social media is relatively simple.

Problem: The authors have, during the process of development of this thesis, tried to create an understanding of how a number of organizations, all working with different approaches around the ?brand Sweden?, perceive the efficiency and benefits of using extended concept around embassies as a tool in their strategic work. The embassies in question have an evolved concept in the sense that they don not only hold a traditional political and legal role. The problem facing us authors was the issue whether theses embassies are efficient arenas to coordinate the forces and resources of the organizations concerned, in the mission to enhance the visibility and awareness of Sweden abroad.Purpose: The purpose is to describe the strategic work with marketing Sweden to be able to look in to whether the evolved concept behind the embassies in question are used as a tool in within the work of the organizations. We wish to research this to be able to evaluate if this arena is perceived as efficient for the organizations concerned.Method: In order to get a background to which one establish and communicate a nations brand the authors have studied literature within the subject.

Title:Comparison of databases ? Is the law an obstacle?Authors:Alexander Ankarberg, Applied Information Science.Tutors:Lars- Eric LjungProblem: Cross running databases is getting more and more significant during the development of the information flow. There are huge benefits if we start to use the technique that already exists. The law is today an obstacle, so what would happen if the law wasn?t so stern.

AbstractTitle: To Market a Company with the Help of Nationality ? A study in how marketing and branding works and is being perceived when it focuses on nationalityAuthor: Frida HanssonSubject: Media and Communication Studies CPeriod: Fall semester 2010Length: 38 pagesTutor: Else NygrenAim: Companies and various corporations are always on the hunt for the next big thing in marketing. One idea to market themselves and give them a chance to separate themselves from the cluster of companies aspiring to take your costumers away could be to market themselves with nationality. To investigate why and how some company?s chose to market themselves with nationality, and also study how this kind of marketing is being perceived by customers and non ?costumers.

Ofri luftväg kan uppstå på grund av bakåtfallen tunga hos den medvetslösa patienten eller om luftvägen blir tilltäppt av sekret, blod, maginnehåll eller främmande kropp. Att kunna säkerställa fri luftväg hos den medvetandesänkta patienten är en kompetens som varje anestesisjuksköterska måste behärska för att kunna säkerställa adekvat ventilation. Syftet med studien var att beskriva om larynxmask (LMA) är en patientsäker metod för att skapa fri luftväg och upprätthålla adekvat ventilation. Studien genomfördes som en litteraturstudie där 19 vetenskapliga artiklar analyserades. Resultatet av de granskade artiklarna gav följande fem teman; LMA är en säker metod för att skapa fri luftväg, LMA är en säker metod för att upprätthålla adekvat ventilation, personalens kompetens vid användning av LMA, aspirationsrisk vid användning av LMA med undertema LMA vid övervikt samt LMA vid elektiva- och akuta situationer.