The French historian Marc Bloch is considered to be one of the masters of medieval history, particularly his creation Feudal Society has been an essential piece of work for everyone who desires a deeper understanding of the general feudal society. Bloch gives his readers a vivid and living picture of a society so far beyond our present that it is sometimes hard to keep in mind that this society is part of our legacy. At the same time Bloch endows his readers with the special historical outlook he and his successors has developed, the history of the mentalities. By reaching further back in time, to the Roman and Germanic cultures and the manorial system, he proves his point that the feudal society was build on the legacy of older structures and institutions.In the coming study I will disentangle the early feudal structure of power as Bloch has described it in his Feudal Society. The essence of this power structure is to find in the very characteristic tie between two men, the vassalage.

IKEAs mål är att deras produkter ska vara för ?de många människorna?. För att bygga hus som passar ihop med detta måste det vara till kostnader som folk har råd med.Syftet med den här rapporten är att ta fram ett förslag på en yteffektiv lägenhet som kan sättas ihop till ett mindre flerbostadshus. Yteffektiva lägenheter gör att huset tar upp mindre plats på marken och därför kostar mindre per kvadratmeter. Med hjälp av detta hus kommer en jämförelse av kostnader för olika invändiga ytmaterial att utföras.

From 1710 to 1713 the plague raged through the Swedish province of Scania. Other studies have been made on how the disease affected the society during the epidemic. This study tries to focus on the recovery afterwards. How did the population and the farmsteads recover after the plague? Statistics from parish registers and cameral records show interesting patterns in the demography, and that the recovery was far from complete 1720.

I denna rapport undersöks hur elektroniska böcker (eBooks) enligt standarden Open eBook Publication Structure kan komprimeras på ett effektivt sätt. Anledningen till att området valts är att en välanvänd standard för eBooks inte finns för tillfället. Standarden är relativt ny och senaste versionen av specifikationen har kommit ut under 2002. Med i utvecklingen av standarden finns många stora företag som exempelvis Adobe Systems Inc. och Palm Digital Media.

Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to investigate to what a few preschool teachers and mother-tongue teachers consider the influence mother-tongue training has on children. The thesis also looks into how these teachers cooperate and view about the mother-tongue training organization structure and what support mother-tongue teachers get in the concerned preschools. More specifically:What influences do three preschool teachers and three mother-tongue teachers consider that mother-tongue training has on the development of the children?Which support do the three mother-tongue teachers receive from the preschool principals and other preschool pedagogues in their work? - Is there any cooperation between them?In what way do the three preschool teachers and the three mother-tongue teachers think that the mother-tongue training organization structure affect the children?s status in the group?Method: In order to achieve a deeper understanding of the context, a qualitative method based on interviews and observations was employed and relied upon. Three preschool teachers and three mother-tongue teachers from two different preschools in the same municipality were interviewed to acquire answers to the questions concerned.Result: The result of this enquiry shows a direct and explicit comprehension that mother-tongue is immensely important for children?s development.

The objective of the study is to map the cognitive structure of Library and Information Science, using a quantitative, bibliometric method. This empirical study shows how co-citation analysis combined with word-frequency analysis can be used to describe the subject content of the field. The research questions to be answered are: -Which clusters of authors can be identified? -How can these clusters be described in respect of their subject content, if the descriptors associated with the authors in the clusters are counted? The results show that the cognitive structure of Library and Information Science can be described by 13 clusters of authors, where each cluster is representing a specific aspect of the subject- domain. For the description of the subject content of the clusters, descriptors DE of the LISA database have been used..

The purpose of this thesis is to examine and analyse which effects a service strategy has on the control system of an organisation. The thesis takes a service perspective, and it is assumed that a service strategy gains competitive advantage and that the goal of the service strategy is to increase the customers? satisfaction level. A qualitative in-depth case study was performed on a Swedish beauty company. The organisation?s vertical structure was examined, from central to local level.

Ett mycket högexploaterat förslag utformas där en egen identitet skapas åt Arenastaden i Växjö. Solens gång, bullerkällor, brandrisker, kulturhistoriska värden och många mål i kommunens visionsbild för Arenastaden väger in vid utformning av förslaget. Förslagets nya upplevelsevärden och andra kvalitéer analyseras med hjälp av en solstudie, bullerkällsundersökning och analysmetod av Kevin Lynch. Projektuppgiften är baserad på att en mycket hög exploatering drar ner på områdets upplevelsevärden. Då analysens resultat föll annorlunda erhölls ett annat resultat ? metoden; att bygga på höjden besparar grönytor och de värden som mäts vid en Lynchanalys..

In scientific investigations on how organizations can learn from their mistakes the perspective is usually that of the social engineer; the object is to prevent human errors through modeling the system in a certain way. The aim of this paper is to explore the learning process from a different standpoint than those usually applied in organizational learning and error theory. By studying the learning process in Swedish health care I seek to discover how theoretical presumptions affect the outcome in terms of what we actually learn. The theoretical framework draws on two major discussions in contemporary political science; the question of structure and agency and the question of whether to focus on formal or informal structures when explaining organizational behavior.The investigation shows that Swedish health care tend to understand human errors as a result of formal organizational structure. Such a view leads to insufficient explanations to why errors occur but is useful in producing preventative measures.

This thesis discusses main problems associated with dictionary-based Cross-Language Information Retrieval as lexical and translational ambiguity of query terms, translation of compounds and phrases, dictionary limitation. The purpose of the study is to investigate how query structure influences the effectiveness of CLIR regarding performance of three query types: original query, unstructured query and structured query. Query structuring refers to the application of #syn-operator to group query terms. The study comprises an experiment that was performed in the InQuery IR system with TrecUta database that contains 550,000 news articles from different American newspapers. 24 topics were used for the experiment.

How can former military area I5 in Östersund, Sweden, evolve into Stadsdel Norr ("The Northern Quarter") ? an attractive part of the town center? In a theoretical part of the essay the significants of well functioning towns and streets are investigated. The history of Östersund and I5 is shortly reviewed. Present recommendations concerning city design are presented along with guidelines from Vägverket (National Road Administration) for urban streets. The conclusion reached is that a fundamental structure of streets and roads, public and private spaces, is crucial for the possible future development of an area.

The purpose of this project is to survey the presence of folk expressions, i.e. proverbs, proverbial expressions, wellerisms and familiar expressions, in some of the realistic children?s books by Astrid Lindgren. The purpose also includes the study of the contextual and pragmatic functions of the expressions as well as how the expressions are integrated into the text by the change of the formulaic standard structure. The contextual and pragmatic function concern when, how and why the expressions are used and who the users of the expressions are.

BackgroundHandover occurs as a daily task for health care professionals in all levels of care. Handover between ambulance crew and emergency department staff stands for the first exchange of information about a patient?s condition. Different factors may impact the handover communication and make it vulnerable.AimThe aim is to highlight factors of importance at handover between the ambulance and emergency room.MethodA literature review of thirteen studies with qualitative and quantitative research approach. The purpose of this literature review was to provide an overview of the area.ResultsExperiences for health care professionals is that communication is important for patient handover between ambulance and emergency department.

BIM, Building Information Modeling, börjar vinna mark inom byggbranschen i Sverige och är en vedertagen process i vart och vartannat byggprojekt. Forsmarks Kraftgrupp står inför både upprustningar av sina anläggningar och nyproduktion av bland annat kontor, verkstad och hotell. BIM framstår nu som en lukrativ metod för att dra ner på projektkostnaderna, men även för att få ytterligare ordning och struktur på den enorma mängd dokumentation som ackumulerat under de dryga trettio åren av drift.Syftet med detta arbete är att ta fram ett underlag för implementering av BIM på byggkonstruktionskontoret på Forsmarks Kraftgrupp, som även ska kunna användas för att marknadsföra BIM utåt i organisationen. Målet är att peka på nyttan av att tillämpa BIM på Forsmark, med särskild fokus på förvaltning. Som undersökningsmetod har simulering, intervjuer och platsanalys av Forsmark valts.Då Forsmarks befintliga byggnadsbestånd är omfattande krävs konsensus kring hur framtida förvaltningsmodeller bör se ut och hanteras.

The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the price effect on the initial day of trading of IPOs and the price effect on the announcement day of SEOs on Stockholm Stock Exchange. A second purpose it to conduct studies on which factors influencing the price effects and if these factors can be explained by the same fundamental ideas. Theories regarding capital structure and the pricing of IPOs and SEOs are covered. The capital structure theories involve; Miller and Modigliani's cost of captial theory, Static Tradeoff Model and the Pecking Order. The Efficient Market Hypothesis is presented and previous theories are investigated.