Abstract Over the years the consciousness of risk has grown. It?s hard to influence risks, therefore there are guidelines stating that significant risk must be included in the annual Report. This paper is a case study; the purpose was to examine how four Swedish listed companies chose to disclose their internal and external risks. Risk is initially described in general sense and then it figures to what constitutes an economic risk.Through a case study of four Swedish listed companies? annual Reports we have, through qualitative methods found how the companies chose to disclosure their risks.

In recent years there have been many corporate scandals from environmental and social aspects. Corporate irresponsible behavior has led to major public discussions on responsibility and these pressures made that many companies wanting to show that they are working for a sustainable development by voluntarily Reporting economic, environmental and social and social issues in the financial statement. They hope this will create credibility for the companies. In the current situation, there are a number of guidelines that companies can use to Report sustainability. One of these is the GRI guidelines which is an international framework that covers many accounting areas and allows companies to compare their sustainability Reports with other companies.The purpose of this study is to determine if all state-owned companies follows the government?s requirement that these companies must form a sustainability Report under the GRI guidelines, and the sustainability Report must be audited and certified by an outside party.

The use of Power Line Communication, PLC, as a communication solution for Automated Meter Reading, AMR, is popular by utilities in Sweden and other parts of the world due to demands of accurate and fast meter reading. However the use of the electrical grid as a communication medium is complex and sometimes problematic. This Report handles some of the issues and problems that are important to understand when using the grid as a communications medium. Focus is mainly on investigating high frequency distortion in the Kristianstad power grid own by C4energi caused by a frequency converter. Measurements on site are done to investigate signal damping in the grid, different configurations for the frequency converter and signal strength of the PLC-system.

Abstract: This Report covers primarily the work of documenting electromagnetic fields generated by one of the later parts in the electrical power distribution chain: The electrical substation, wherein 10 kV is transformed to 400 V for use by private consumers. Thus it is one of the most widespread and frequently occurring parts in the Swedish power grid and of particular interest, as electrical substations are found everywhere in populated areas, often in close vicinity to people and animals.The Report deals with a number of formulated questions and/or hypothesis? stated at the onset of the work undertaken, theory that is relevant for the topics the Report covers, the details of the field work undertaken and the following analysis of the readings, which in term provide answers for the questions stated in the beginning. It also covers what is the currently known short term and long term risks associated with electromagnetic fields in the power frequent spectrum and of varying intensity in the vicinity of humans.The analysis also provides recommendations and identifies several points to carefully consider when planning for new installations or replacements of some parts of existing installations.For enhanced reading comprehension there is, aside from sections with pictures and attached explanatory texts and templates, several graphs, one-line diagram and maps of the power grid among the appendixes to the rapport..

Radio Frequency Identification, RFID, is a convenient way to enable contactless identification which does not require any physical nor optical contact. As with any radio-based communication the signal can be intercepted, thus making the technology vulnerable to several kinds of attacks. Interception of communication is not the only threat. Since RFID tags might contain personal information or information that will grant the owner access to secure areas, skimming and spoofing attacks are also major threats against this technology. In this thesis Report,  the perspective of an adversary is portrayed in an RFID-enabled environment by presenting where RFID is used and how it could be abused.

Mobile application demands a lot of attending to the program code. There are lots of different development platforms that can be used for development. Not only for the specific operating system there are also lots of different cross-platforms that should minimize the amount of program code. This Report is comparing the way of creating an android application in the cross platform Xamarin versus in the platform Eclipse using the Android plugin. It contains a part about the architecture of Android and its functions.

The purpose of this Report was to investigate what characterizes a good psychosocialwork environment, and whether it may have impact on a vessel's safe voyage. ThisReport is proposed to increase the understanding of what creates a good psychosocialwork environment and its potential effect on safety at sea. In order to find out thesuccess factors for a good work environment group interviews were conducted in socalledunstructured focus groups. During these conversations, the participants discussedfreely by the question "what is a good psychosocial work environment for you?? Thesuccess factors were thereafter applied on selected accident Reports, to investigate theextent to which they were represented and taken into account.The results of the study show three categories of factors: colleagues, communicationand competence, where colleagues are the main contribution to a good psychosocialwork environment.

The use of Power Line Communication, PLC, as a communication solution for Automated Meter Reading, AMR, is popular by utilities in Sweden and other parts of the world due to demands of accurate and fast meter reading. However the use of the electrical grid as a communication medium is complex and sometimes problematic. This Report handles some of the issues and problems that are important to understand when using the grid as a communications medium. Focus is mainly on investigating high frequency distortion in the Kristianstad power grid own by C4energi caused by a frequency converter. Measurements on site are done to investigate signal damping in the grid, different configurations for the frequency converter and signal strength of the PLC-system.

The use of Power Line Communication, PLC, as a communication solution for Automated Meter Reading, AMR, is popular by utilities in Sweden and other parts of the world due to demands of accurate and fast meter reading. However the use of the electrical grid as a communication medium is complex and sometimes problematic. This Report handles some of the issues and problems that are important to understand when using the grid as a communications medium. Focus is mainly on investigating high frequency distortion in the Kristianstad power grid own by C4energi caused by a frequency converter. Measurements on site are done to investigate signal damping in the grid, different configurations for the frequency converter and signal strength of the PLC-system.

The use of Power Line Communication, PLC, as a communication solution for Automated Meter Reading, AMR, is popular by utilities in Sweden and other parts of the world due to demands of accurate and fast meter reading. However the use of the electrical grid as a communication medium is complex and sometimes problematic. This Report handles some of the issues and problems that are important to understand when using the grid as a communications medium. Focus is mainly on investigating high frequency distortion in the Kristianstad power grid own by C4energi caused by a frequency converter. Measurements on site are done to investigate signal damping in the grid, different configurations for the frequency converter and signal strength of the PLC-system.

Problem: This Report concerns how the students of Södertörn högskola values physical papers. Even though technology have made it possible to digitalise documents, students today print and copy documents more then ever before. It will examine what the students finds valuable in physical papers and why they choose to print a document they just as well could read and manipulate via a computer.Method: This Report consists of an empiric study, in form of a web poll and of a number of interviews. Furthermore earlier studies on the matter will be taking in consideration during the analysis.Results: The study shows that the students of Södertörns högskola values physical papers highly. The students choose to print a document since they find that it is easier to read, to make notes and that a printed document is easier to use on the move, rather then using a computer..

Embedded Systems Lab at Umeå University is currently part of a research project with the purpose to examine the behavior of dairy cows inside a barn. Each cow needs to be tracked with a precision of 50 cm, and since GPS-technique has poor functionality at indoor environments, an indoor positioning system needs to be developed.Embedded Systems Lab has already developed an indoor positioning system using IR-light and radio, but since this system demands extensive infrastructure and is rather expensive, an alternate positioning system using ultrasonic pulses and radio is being examined.In this Report the range, beam angle and current consumption of ultrasonic transmitters- and receivers are investigated. Three different driver stages for the transmitter is tested, and two amplifier solutions for the receiver. The Report also describes how the length of the transmitted ultrasonic pulse affects the received signal, accessibility of a ?shadowed? signal, and the effect of different sound frequency..

Radio Frequency Identification, RFID, is a convenient way to enable contactless identification which does not require any physical nor optical contact. As with any radio-based communication the signal can be intercepted, thus making the technology vulnerable to several kinds of attacks. Interception of communication is not the only threat. Since RFID tags might contain personal information or information that will grant the owner access to secure areas, skimming and spoofing attacks are also major threats against this technology. In this thesis Report,  the perspective of an adversary is portrayed in an RFID-enabled environment by presenting where RFID is used and how it could be abused.

In this bachelor thesis, diagnostic methods for one of Siemens stem inlet control valves have been developed. The work has taken place during ten weeks at Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB in Finspång. The company produce steam- and gas turbines and also provides service and maintenance. The purpose with this project has been to develop diagnostic methods that oversee the health of the control valves. By using the developed methods you will know when it?s time for maintenance.

The use of Power Line Communication, PLC, as a communication solution for Automated Meter Reading, AMR, is popular by utilities in Sweden and other parts of the world due to demands of accurate and fast meter reading. However the use of the electrical grid as a communication medium is complex and sometimes problematic. This Report handles some of the issues and problems that are important to understand when using the grid as a communications medium. Focus is mainly on investigating high frequency distortion in the Kristianstad power grid own by C4energi caused by a frequency converter. Measurements on site are done to investigate signal damping in the grid, different configurations for the frequency converter and signal strength of the PLC-system.