Childhood as a social category is under strucural redefinition. In this thesis the child and childhood are understood as socially constructed phenomenons. Focus is laid upon the construction of the concept ?in the best interest of the child? wich in The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child is defined as beeing the foremost important view to take into account when decisions wich affect children are made. As the thesis shows, a concrete and universall view of the best interest of the child is lacking in practice and would in many cases be unfortunate.

AbstractTitle: Welfare officers personal experiences of stress and coping in an emergency hospital in StockholmThe purpose with this study was to describe how welfare officers in an emergency hospital experienced stress in their workplace and what coping strategies they used. Through qualitative interviews the welfare officers thoughts and experiences were examined. The result showed that welfare officers experienced some stress at the workplace; this was related to lacks in the organization, heavy workload and short of time. The most commonly used coping strategies were social support, physical training, short breaks during the day to handle the stress at work. The conclusions of this study was that factors that reduces stress for welfare officers who work at emergency hospitals was a functioning organization and management, the ability to control and at some levels effect their own work, to have guidance and other opportunities to ventilate with co-workers.

The purpose with this study is to examine what kind of support there is for school libraries at the selected independent upper secondary schools and how these schools ensure that libraryservices is available to their students and their teachers. The purpose is also to examine what attitudes the administrators of the schools have to school libraries and teaching in information seeking. A qualitative method with interviews was used to fulfil the purpose. As a theoretical basis of the study Loertschers taxonomies of the school library media program and Limbergs three levels of pedagogic research were used and the interviews were analysed with these two theoretical frameworks as a background. The result of the study showed that neither one of the three examinated schools has a school library which means that they use the public library instead.

The purpose with this study is to examine what kind of support there is for school libraries at the selected independent upper secondary schools and how these schools ensure that libraryservices is available to their students and their teachers. The purpose is also to examine what attitudes the administrators of the schools have to school libraries and teaching in information seeking. A qualitative method with interviews was used to fulfil the purpose. As a theoretical basis of the study Loertschers taxonomies of the school library media program and Limbergs three levels of pedagogic research were used and the interviews were analysed with these two theoretical frameworks as a background. The result of the study showed that neither one of the three examinated schools has a school library which means that they use the public library instead.

Syftet med denna undersökning är att se hur stor plats forskning fått i dagspress mellan 1901 och 2010. För att avgränsa området baseras studien på Dagens Nyheters bevakning av Nobelpristillkännagivandena i kemi och medicin.Jag har gjort ett urval av Nobelpristagare under den aktuella perioden och studerat hur forskning som ledde till Nobelpriset presenterats för allmänheten.Materialet består av artiklar från Dagens Nyheter från 1901  t.o.m. 2010.Jag har dels analyserat vilken plats forskningen fått i tidningen, dels vad artiklarna egentligen handlar om: är de pedagogiska eller refererande, har de ett nyttoperspektiv eller är de rent av akademiska?Studien tar även upp två andra aspekter: det låga antalet kvinnliga pristagare? har Dagens Nyheter presenterat dem på ett annat sätt? Och hur påverkar pristagarens nationalitet mediebevakningen?Resultatet visar att nyheten om vem som belönats med årets Nobelpris alltid nått fram till förstasidan i tidningen. Rubrikena är ofta stora och bilder är vanligt.

Bakgrund och problem: Vad den samtida konsten är kan vara svårt att definiera. En definition är att konsten är vad konstvärlden säger är konst. Det finns ett antal idéer om vad konst skall vara, samt kulturpolitiska mål som syftar till att sprida kulturen till allmänheten. Konstnären Lars Vilks menar att det finns en idé inom konstvärlden att det finns en avgörande extern faktor som påverkar konstvärlden. Han menar även att det finns en syn som ser konsten som en institution.

The essay explores nationalism in the curriculum of the swedish school from 1878 to 1994. The text has been undertaken an analysis in three levels of discourse based on Norman Faircloughs critical language analysis. The first level is the text, the second is types of discourses and the third is order of discourse.The nationalism in the curriculum has been related to three nationalistic types of discourses, derived from earlier studies on Swedish nationalism. They are conservative nationalism, ?folkhemsnationalism? and contemporary nationalism.

Det Svenska miljömålet om återföring av växtnäring till produktiv mark, har gjort att ett initiativ till certifieringsregler för återföring av avloppsslam tagits fram. Som en viktig del i dessa certifieringsregler krävs det att slammet måste vara hygieniserat. På centrala reningsverket i Kristianstad vill man använda sig av termofil rötning som hygieniseringsmetod. Termofil rötning innebär en höjning av temperaturen i rötkamrarna med ca 19 °C.Denna rapport syftar till att göra en jämförelse av energiutbyte och ekonomi vid olika driftsbetingelser för rötkammaranläggningen.I rapporten ingår energibalans som inkluderar uppvärmning av slammet, värmeförluster från rötkammarens väggar, samt energiinnehållet i den producerade rötgasen. En jämförelse görs mellan alternativen mesofil och termofil rötning, samt mellan nuvarande uppvärmning och tilläggsisolering av rötkamrarna.

Syftet med denna studie a?r att fa? o?kade kunskaper om hur personer som har erfarit en hja?rtinfarkt upplever efterfo?rloppet av sin sjukdom, samt att utifra?n dessa upplevelser underso?ka det psykosociala sto?dets funktion och betydelse. Studien syftar a?ven till att underso?ka huruvida dessa upplevelser skiljer sig o?ver tid. Studien a?r en kvalitativ studie och datainsamlingstekniken som anva?nds a?r fokusgruppintervjuer.

Sammandrag Mitt syfte är att undersöka hur några pedagoger använder sig av motorisk träning i kombination med massage i skolverksamheten. Jag har utgått från följande frågor i mitt arbete: Hur arbetar några pedagoger i de tidigare åren med massage i skol- och förskoleverksamheten och hur påverkar detta barns motorik och kroppsuppfattning? Vilka förändringar har pedagogerna sett hos eleverna sen de införde massage respektive motorikträning? Vilka för- och nackdelar eller rent av problem har pedagogerna stött på sen de började med massage och motorikträning med sina elever? Undersökningen genomförs kvalitativt genom intervjuer och observationer med tre pedagoger verksamma både inom förskolan och inom grundskolans tidigare år. I den empiriska delen undersökte jag hur pedagoger arbetar med massage och motorik i skolverksamheten. Mitt resultat visar att informanterna tycker det är viktigt att man ägnar sig åt motorisk träning och att det även är av vikt att lägga mer fokus på massage/avslappning, eftersom dagens barn är stressade och behöver lära sig att slappna av Mina slutsatser är att motorisk träning i kombination med massage leder till att barnen och eleverna utvecklar sin kroppsuppfattning och kan hjälpa dem att både slappna av och öka sin koncentration, vilket i slutändan kan leda till bättre studieresultat..

The aim of my thesis is to obtain knowledge of textile wastewater and textile sludge from an environmental perspective, which can be used as a basis for the  ?Sweden Textile Water Initiative? guidelines for a sustainable sludge management. In my study I have mainly focused on textile dyes, salts and metals and their routes during wastewater treatment.This paper is partly a literature review, which I began by identifying the pollutants discharged from each textile process. Then I studied wastewater and sludge quality, environmental aspects, possible treatment and recycling methods. I have also tried to find existing type of guidelines in order to make comparisons.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence of Verotoxin-encoding bacteriophages in mussels, cultured downstream the sewage treatment plant in Lysekil.Mussels were collected in three growing areas from April 2008 to March 2009. Real-time PCR was performed for detection of vtx1 and vtx2 genes and enrichment of bacteriophages on non Verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157: H7 was carried out. All samples in real-time PCR analysis were negative; no presence of Verotoxin-encoding phages was shown. No plaque was formed on blood agar base plates, indicating that no bacteriophages had been taken up by E. coli bacteriaThe levels of Verotoxin-encoding phages and E.coli outside the sewage treatment plant in Lysekil were not high enough to be able to form VTEC in mussels, indicating that the faecal contamination was low.

Today's research on animal assisted interventions (AAI) has focused on the positive effects on humans. Dogs used for AAI are an expanding market, but the research on this area hasn't followed the increasing use. The few studies on dogs in this field mostly observed their cortisol-levels and are very ambiguous. I have observed the behaviour of dogs working with AAI compared to when they are off-duty to see how they are affected by their work. Their handlers where also told to make an assessment of the dog's emotions during the session.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of an infusion of hypertonic saline solution (HSS) in combination with an oral waterload on cows suffering from rightsided displacement of the abomasum (RDA). Six dairy cows were treated with 7,2% HSS in a dosis of 5 ml per kg bodyweight. They also received an oral waterload of approximately 15 liters. To monitor changes in fluid-, acid-base- and electrolyte-balance, bloodsamples were collected during the next 24 hours. During this period, the cows also underwent surgery to empty and correct the position of the abomasum.

With self-hypnosis as a method, I work with levels of consciousness in relation to practice. Focus lies in the relation between a language of materials and an inner experience. How do material expressions function as mediums of a spiritual matter between a beholder and me? The trance functions as a space for a spiritual contact/communication. Abstract images of crystalline glaze on ceramic tiles are direct results of these acts.