The purpose of this thesis is to test whether firms have target capital structure, and if so with what speed they adjust toward this target. Findings that support this purpose are also in line with the trade off theory. One of the key elements of this thesis is the method used, which successfully enables fulfilling the purpose. The panel data method captures the data characteristics of the cross sectional and time series dimension. By using this approach the dynamic effects of capital structure can be studied, thus if there actually is an adjustment towards a target the speed can be estimated.

To integrate environmental concerns into non-environmental policy making has become an important policy objective within the European Union. This essay investigates policy instruments in use to achieve environmental policy integration in the EU's transport sector respectively fisheries sector. The point of departure is a theoretical discussion about governance and the use of different policy instruments for environmental management at the EU-level. The focal point is the argumentation that regulatory policy instruments alone cannot achieve environmental policy integration satisfactory. By using Jordan et al's classification of so called "new" environmental policy instruments (market-based instruments, voluntary agreements and ecolabels) as complements to regulatory measures, the essay investigates whether the first-mentioned are used within the two sectors.

In Sweden has the temporary agency work industry settled in an explosive way since the deregulation of the unemployment agency monopole in 1993. The demand of civil right for the employer that is rented out confronts the entire labour law regulation with new challenges.The purpose with this paper is an investigation of the principle of equal treatment in The Swedish temporary agency work act and also to create a deeper understanding of the effects of labour and employment relationship. An investigation of relevant collective agreements will be done to highlight the difficulties the principal of equal treatment is exposed to. Further on is there a will to gain understanding for the wage concept and what possible can be included in the wage concept in relation to the principal of equal treatment in The temporary agency work directive. By using the dogmatic method, an approach to descriptive identifying relevant sources of law and clarify the legal situation in the area.In the conclusions it will be determined that the principle of equal treatment in The Swedish temporary agency work act have different effects depending on if the temporary agency or if the client corporation is tied to an collective agreement alternative if a collective agreement is completely missing.

The EU market is being deregulated, which sees Swedish farmers that have traditionally been governed by different support systems being forced to adapt to a free market system and having to deal with the concept of supply and demand. The farming sector has during the past several years experienced harder conditions and the deregulation of the market has directly affected farmers. The need for entrepreneurs and that way of thinking has been identified (McElwee, 2006). Swedish farmers are neither familiar with a free market or being required to think in an entrepreneurial manner, does this therefore implicate that Swedish farmers are not entrepreneurs?LRF is a national farmers? organization in Sweden and functions as a support for Swedish farmers.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att belysa olika uppfattningar om den internationella handelns betydelse för fattiga länder, samt att undersöka om EU:s Economic Partnership Agreements (EPA) är en möjlighet eller ett hinder för fattiga länders utveckling. Frågeställningarna är:1.Hur kan internationell handel påverka fattigdom och utveckling?2.Hur kan EPA påverka de fattiga länder som avtalen berör?Det finns många olika teorier om hur handel uppkommer och fungerar. Merkantilismen menar att export är bättre för ett land än import. Liberalismen ligger i grunden för hur det ekonomiska samhället är uppbyggt med handel och konkurrens.

Uppsatsens syfte är att analysera om det finns en medvetenhet om regional identitet och image inom regionen Satakunta, samt om åsikterna om utformningen av den regionala identiteten och imagen är konkretiserade, eller inte. Utifrån en studie av Jazzmusikfestivalen i Björneborg undersöks detta. I och med det diskuterar författaren huruvida evenemang har en roll i skapandet av en attraktiv och konkurrenskraftig region. Syftet är också att undersöka om det finns samarbeten i regionen för att göra den attraktiv och konkurrenskraftig. För att få svar på syftet har författaren använt sig av primärdata i form av intervjuer med representanter från Björneborgs stad, Björneborg turistbyrå, Landskapsförbundet, Satakunta Tourist och Björneborg Jazzmusikfestival.

Uppsatsen handlar om att det går att urskilja en lokal identitet på fyra skånska museer ochäven se om det finns någon regional identitet. Undersökningen sker genom studiebesök pårespektive museum och sedan en beskrivning av utställningarna. Sedan följer en analys avmaterialet som finns i utställningarna för att försöka se en lokal identitet i dem. Resultatet avuppsatsen är att jag enkelt kunnat se en lokal identitet på varje museums utställning men jaghar inte lyckats hitta en skånsk regional identitet..

In electricity markets evolving towards liberalisation and internationalisation, green certificates are seen as an important tool to promote production of renewable energy. In a green certificate market producers sell certificates received per unit of electricity generated from renewable energy. Trade in renewability is thereby decoupled from the the physical electricity trade. Tradable green certificates in combination with renewables obligation are implemented or planned in several EU member states. Integration at EU leveland the creation of a common certificate market seem like a possible next step.

The aim of this study was to examine nursing personnel?s knowledge about oral health care and attitudes towards the free assessment of the oral status done by the dental service for elderly and handicapped persons in a municipality in the south part of Skåne, and also how personnel experience the free assessment of the oral status done by the dental service and how it functioned at the facilities. The study was carried out by sending out 150 questionnaires to nursing personnel at six special housing facilities. 73% (110 personnel?s) answered the questionnaires.

Bakgrund: Antalet ?ldre multisjuka ?kar vilket st?ller kompetenskrav p? personal som v?rdar dessa personer. M?nga har insatser av kommunal prim?rv?rd vilket inneb?r att samverkan mellan regional och kommunal prim?rv?rd ?r central f?r god, s?ker och personcentrerad v?rd, vilket uppn?s bl.a. genom uppr?ttande av individuell v?rdplan.

Export is a top priority for Sweden's economy but for Swedish companies it may involve uncomfortable risks of exporting without sincere consideration. When the United Nations Security Council puts an embargo against a country, this often mean an import and export restriction. The thought is to push undemocratic regimes into respecting human rights. When the embargo is in force, however, the parties are not able to fulfill their contractual obligations, which practically means that the agreement will be suspended. The problem is what happens when an embargo is in force for a longer period of time.

According to Swedish tax legislation, investment funds are taxed differently depending on if the are Swedish or foreign. The difference between the investment funds lies within the taxation of received dividends and the opportunity to shift the liability of tax of received dividends on to the funds shareholders. This measure is only available to Swedish funds. The question in this thesis is whether this difference is discriminatory against foreign investors and therefore constitutes a forbidden restriction against the free movement of capital stated in article 63 EUF Treaty.The European Court of Justice (ECJ) has given several preliminary rulings on this type of legislation and its compatibility with the principle of free movement of capital. It is not compatible with the free movement according to the court.

This thesis focuses on the mass media cover of ?Smart textiles?. The Swedish?smart? textiles are developed in Borås and are a mix of ordinary textile and new technology.  I analyse the article with a text analysis method, looking at themes and the language?s propositions in focus. Context and the actors in the articles are also important in the analysis.Many women occur as developers of the new smart technical product, a field often knowed as a typical male subject.

The aim of this thesis is to study Stadshuskällaren?s operational processe flow and identify their operational characteristics. The uniqueness of Stadshuskällaren is that they are breaking the law of trade-offs regarding volume/variety, much like Toyota managed to do ? which spawned the entire field of research of the ?Lean Philosophy?. In the thesis the characteristics we identify through analysis, which enables Stadshuskällaren to break the trade-off, are compared with the principles of Lean service theory, which ultimately stem from Toyota.

Background: There is no guarantee that products should be equitable produced. Many products in today's trade is produced by minors, resulting in poor working environment, and gives the workers low payment. Fairtrade is the only label on the market that ensures that farmers receive fair payment for their products. Aim: The central aim with our work is to see what the future consumers, in other words students from Lund's university, Malmö College and The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences in Alnarp, think about products labeled with Fairtrade, and what they consider is value creation for food products. Students are often relatively young; they educate themselves and have new thoughts and valuations about how the world should be.