Real-time systems are required to answer to external stimuli within a specified time-period. For this to be possible, the systems behaviour must be predictable. The use of active databases in real-time systems introduces unpredictability in the system, e.g. due to their use of active rules. The behaviour in active databases is usually specified in ECA-rules.

Jag undersöker huruvida fundamentala faktorer såsom konsumtion, investeringar, statliga utgifter samt utländsk exportefterfrågan inverkat på fluktuationer i USAs reala växelkurs mellan 1970 och 2005. Ekonomin beskrivs av en Mundell-Fleming-modell. Utifrån denna konstrueras tillsammans med en dynamisk exportmodell av Gottfries (2002) ett uttryck för en hypotetisk real växelkurs, vars utveckling jämförs med den faktiska växelkursutvecklingen. Jag finner vid denna beräkning samt vid en statistik analys, båda grundande på kvartalsdata, att den faktiska växelkursutvecklingen föregår chocker i konsumtion, investeringar, statliga utgifter med tre-fyra års sikt, vilket jag tolkar som att marknadens aktörer förutser förändringar inom de fundamentala faktorerna och påverkar valutaflödena därefter. Detta resultat utmärker sig från rådande empirisk forskning, som överlag inte finner något samband mellan växelkurser och fundamentala faktorer..

Real-time systems are required to answer to external stimuli within a specified time-period. For this to be possible, the systems behaviour must be predictable. The use of active databases in real-time systems introduces unpredictability in the system, e.g. due to their use of active rules. The behaviour in active databases is usually specified in ECA-rules.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence of Verotoxin-encoding bacteriophages in mussels, cultured downstream the sewage treatment plant in Lysekil.Mussels were collected in three growing areas from April 2008 to March 2009. Real-time PCR was performed for detection of vtx1 and vtx2 genes and enrichment of bacteriophages on non Verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157: H7 was carried out. All samples in real-time PCR analysis were negative; no presence of Verotoxin-encoding phages was shown. No plaque was formed on blood agar base plates, indicating that no bacteriophages had been taken up by E. coli bacteriaThe levels of Verotoxin-encoding phages and E.coli outside the sewage treatment plant in Lysekil were not high enough to be able to form VTEC in mussels, indicating that the faecal contamination was low.

This thesis is using the theory of participatory democracy to show how one can work to increase the participation in the society, between elections as well as during elections. For a couple of years now many traditional democratic countries have been struggling with low voting rates. Hence this, I find it interesting to study what has been done to cope with this problem. The government in Sweden had a project working on how to make more people involved in the democratic process, especially people that to a lesser extent participate in this process. In this thesis two projects will be studied, Möllevångsgruppen and Unga väljer Miljö i Malmö.

The IT industry is constantly evolving and requires everyone working with website development to be updated on the latest methods. The web grows larger every day, and more visits are carried out by mobile devices. It is more important than ever for companies to have updated and functional pages that can be used on different platforms. We want to find out how common it is for IT departments and web agencies to embrace the newest technology and also what it takes to get them to move from one technology to another. Responsive web design is a constantly growing new technique that helps web developers developing for different platforms.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the managers? perspective on leadership in relation to the motivation of the employees by an example of a manning and recruitment agencies. This is implemented by framing of two questions; What kind of leadership can be identified by middle managers to motivate their employees? Which motivation factors are relevant to employees based on the perspective of the managers? To answer the question and identify leadership strategies and motivational factors and the relationship in between, we have conducted eight interviews with persons who hold a middle management position. Through a qualitative investigation we have been able to go into depth and had access to these managers reflections, thoughts and experiences.

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a feline viral disease with high mortality. There is no cure or any effective vaccine available today. Many questions are yet to be answered about this disease and the immune response in affected cats. The aim of the study is to evaluate two different techniques for the study of cytokine profiles in cats vaccinated with a vaccine concept against FIPV. More information about the immune response in these cats could give valuable information to better understand the pathogenesis of the disease and the development of an effective vaccine.

Syfte: Syftet med denna kandidatuppsats är att få en förståelse för varför så stor andel av fastighetsmäklarstudenterna vid Högskolan i Gävle i slutändan väljer ett annat yrke.?Vilka faktorer ligger till grund för valet att byta yrkesinriktning för de studenter som fullbordat sina studier till fastighetsmäklare vid Högskolan i Gävle??Vilken roll spelar HIG i studenters val att inte arbeta som fastighetsmäklare??Hur påverkar studenternas inställningar och förväntningar på mäklaryrket i deras val att byta bransch??Hur påverkar de speciella omständigheterna i fastighetsmäklarbranschen ett eventuellt branschbyte?Metod: Vårt forskningsarbete har utgått från en kvalitativ inriktning med det hermeneutiska perspektivet som grundpelare. Vi har utfört totalt 45 stycken intervjuer både personliga och per telefon där dock ett fåtal besvarades per e-post.Resultat & slutsats: Våra slutsatser sammanfattas i följande punkter.1.Den stora arbetsbördan i kombination med arbetstiderna2.Lönen. Både dess struktur och storlek i förhållande till arbetsinsats3.Felaktiga förväntningar och inställning till yrket4.Tufft yrke med hård konkurrens5.Inga eller få arbeten på orten + FamiljesituationenFörslag till fortsatt forskning: Vår studie begränsade sig till att endast omfatta högskolan i Gävle men en rikstäckande undersökning borde vara av intresse för både branschen och högskolorna. Det vore även intressant att analysera skillnaden mellan varför folk tror att andra byter yrke med varför just personen själv bytte.Uppsatsens bidrag: Vår förhoppning är att denna studie skall innehålla ett nyhetsvärde för flera inblandade parter i fastighetsmäklarbranschen, studenterna som läser till fastighetsmäklare, Högskolan i Gävle och sist men inte minst fastighetsmäklarbranschen själv..

The object of this study has been to establish whether there is a correlation between a teachers efforts in presenting, working with and creating a connection to ?real life? when working with fictional texts. A further hypothesis is that presentation, realization and the follow up activities has a correspondence to how well the goals for the lesson are achieved. In order to achieve the presented objects the methods of observation and interview are chosen. Firstly classroom observations are made and subsequently interviews with teachers that struggle with these questions on a regular basis are conducted.

This paper analyzes the Swedish labor market during the interwar and early postwar period within the framework of modern labor market theory. The development of unemployment during this period - according to the commonly cited source of labor union reports - represents a conundrum for research. The unemployment rate rose after the initial diverse shock of 1921 and stayed at a permanently higher level for the rest of the interwar period. This development was reversed after World War Two when the unemployment rate decreased and stayed permanently low for the rest of the postwar period until the oil price chock of the 1970s.In a first step the available sources of unemployment statistics is investigated and compared. The general conclusion is that the labor union reports overestimate the level of economy wide unemployment while being a reasonably good indicator of movements in the rate.

Utifrån Canvas analysmodell, hur ser Fantastic Franks E-business ut? Hur är synen på E-business hos en liten nischad fastighetsbyrå?Syftet med denna studie är att analysera Fantastic Franks E-business genom Canvas analysmodell och analysera hur differentiering genom E-business påverkar företagets framgång.Genom intervju med ledningsgruppsrepresentant från Fantastic Frank samt med fastighetsmäklare på Fantastic Frank applicerades företagets affärsmodell på modellen Källor till värdeskapande i E-business företag. Denna metod användes för att undersökningens syfte att se hur Fantastic Frank differentierar sig genom E-business skulle kunna undersökas.Nyckelresurser, nyckelpartnerskap och nyckelaktiviteter är de viktigaste blocken inom Canvas analysmodell för Fantastic Frank, för att de ska kunna erbjuda en värdeproposition och differentiera sig. Andra fastighetsbyråer börjar erbjuda liknande tjänster med bostadsstyling och Fantastic Frank bör vidareutveckla sin tjänst. För att skapa värde bör Fantastic Frank utveckla relationer med kunder som köpt eller sålt bostad genom gemensamma intressen inom inredning/design.

AbstractThis bachelor thesis was performed at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm on behalf of the Land Survey Authority. The thesis is about fish conservation and division of fishing water at official duty. It is the Land Survey Authority that examines division of fisheries, but before a case can be implemented, certain requirements must be achieved such as FBL 3:8, which prevent divisions that are deleterious for fish conservation. The purpose of this thesis is: to obtain a clearer view how FBL 3:8 should be applied in practice, how the application differs between the offices in central Sweden, and how fish care is regulated at both international and national levels.At an international level, in EU the commercial fishery is regulated through the common fisheries policy (CFP). The fisheries policy consists of a reform that will last for 10 years.

This thesis treats a new perspective in the theory of classification, the context-based approach. The aim is to find out what kind of value this new approach can have in the process of creating a classification scheme for a special library collection. The first question to be answered is how the context-based approach works in a real life. The second question investigates which role the research in this particular area might have. Illustrating a real-life situation, the unit of Rättsmedicinalverket in Linköping serves as the object of study.

This Masters thesis work describes a comparison between two different methods for estimation of the down channel (base station to mobile subscriber) in Wide-band Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA). The first estimation method, Optimal Feed-forward Channel Estimation (OFCE), is a conventional method that bases the estimates on data that is known to both sender and receiver, so called pilots. The second method, Decision Directed Channel Estimation (DDCE), is an elaboration of OFCE. It also uses user data for estimation. Simulations show that DDCE, in comparison to OFCE, does not attain an improvement in signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) for high bit error rates (BER).