Historiskt sett har miljöfrågor inte varit av någon större vikt inom politiken och har därför inte heller varit särskilt aktuella på den politiska agendan. I de fall där miljöfrågor har diskuterats och varit en del av den politiska agendan har det främst handlat om hur miljöresuser skulle kunna utnyttjas bättre i syfte att maximera den ekonomiska vinningen. Sedan ungefär tre årtionden tillbaka har detta dock kommit att förändras. I takt med globaliseringen och den tekniska utveckligen har insikten om den nära kopplingen mellan ekonomiska, sociala och miljöfrågor fått större genomslag och blivit allt mer framträdande på den politiska dagordningen. Denna koppling fick sitt stora genombrott med Brundtlandrapporten där uttrycket hållbar utveckling myntades.

The purpose of this study is to investigate how twelve middle school teachers use educational tools and what influences their choice of educational tools in Swedish language writing instruction. To answer this purpose, three research questions were formulated: What does writing instruction look like for middle school students according to the teachers in the study? What influences teachers' choice and use of educational tools in writing instruction? What opportunities and challenges do teachers experience in Swedish language writing instruction when using different educational tools? Twelve teachers from variously sized municipalities and with different experiences participated in the study through purposive sampling and convenience sampling. The chosen method is qualitative semi-structured teacher interviews. To analyse the results, this study employs analytical tools from the sociocultural perspective, using concepts such as mediation, appropriation, the zone of proximal development, and scaffolding. The results show that both analogue and digital tools are used in the teachers' writing instruction. The choice of tools should be based on pedagogical considerations, with an emphasis on social interaction and collaboration during the learning process.

English abstractTitle: Islam and the limitations of the public will of choice.The purpose of this paper have been to investigate how three modern Islamic theorists view the limitations of the public free will of choice based upon their interpretation of the Islamic theology and doctrine.The paper focuses to highlight how all three chosen Islamic theorist interpret the Islamic doctrine based upon my elected theses and more specifically pinpoint were the free will of choice ends, and Islam as a religion starts to take hegemony. The paper?s aim is to further an understanding that in the modern world and as a effect of increased literacy, Islam has been somewhat inclined to split into several Islamisms, based upon the variety of fatwa?s on the Islamic doctrine that is available online. Therefore it remains to the modern day Muslim, to individually decide whether they choose to follow the message of the Holy revelation in the Quran or trust a mufti?s fatwa in their everyday life as a Muslim.The material used and analyzed in this paper is prime source material.

I alla tider har man byggt modeller över saker som skall byggas för att på så sätt åskådliggöra det som skall skapas. Dessa modeller hjälper till att förstå och formulera problem och lösningar, hur sammanhangen är och vilka beståndsdelar som skall ingå. Beroende på vilken typ av produkt som skall konstrueras, kommer olika modeller att få olika betydelse. En utvecklare har ofta en inre bild, en mental modell, av vilken typ av system som skall utformas. Denna bild kan vara detaljerad eller bara en avlägsen idé. Med hjälp av olika typer av modeller kan en utvecklingsgrupp visualisera, specificera, konstruera och dokumentera strukturen och beteendet för den tänkta produkten.

English abstractTitle: Islam and the limitations of the public will of choice.The purpose of this paper have been to investigate how three modern Islamic theorists view the limitations of the public free will of choice based upon their interpretation of the Islamic theology and doctrine.The paper focuses to highlight how all three chosen Islamic theorist interpret the Islamic doctrine based upon my elected theses and more specifically pinpoint were the free will of choice ends, and Islam as a religion starts to take hegemony. The paper?s aim is to further an understanding that in the modern world and as a effect of increased literacy, Islam has been somewhat inclined to split into several Islamisms, based upon the variety of fatwa?s on the Islamic doctrine that is available online. Therefore it remains to the modern day Muslim, to individually decide whether they choose to follow the message of the Holy revelation in the Quran or trust a mufti?s fatwa in their everyday life as a Muslim.The material used and analyzed in this paper is prime source material.

Denna uppsats är en granskning av Robert Kanes libertarianska teori om viljeansträngningar, hur dessa kan lösa det problem som det så kallade turargumentet utgör för en libertariansk händelse-kausal teori och om hans teori ger en bra redogörelse för fri vilja, framför allt i samband med moraliska konflikter. Jag undersöker också Randolphs Clarkes kritik mot Kanes teori, som bland annat går ut på att de dubbla viljeansträngningarna är irrationella, att de inte behövs för att bemöta turargumentet och att Kanes teori inte tillför tillräckligt mycket för att ge en typ av fri vilja som vi inte redan skulle kunna ha i en deterministisk värld. Jag kommer fram till att Kanes teori kan bemöta turargumentet på ett ganska bra sätt, men att den inte tillför något som skulle kunna ge fri vilja även om fri vilja skulle vara omöjlig i en deterministisk värld. Som libertariansk teori misslyckas den alltså..

The media arena is becoming more and more crowded by various brands and different commercial messages. At the same time, consumers learn how to screen marketing communication and their cognitive ad filters enable them to avoid message elaboration. Thus, new thinking and new communication executions are required in order to surprise the consumers and break through the clutter. In the present study, we have investigated how the choice of media affects attention, memory and several communication effects that the ad can generate in the short as well as in the long term. The study is conducted on a well-known brand within a low-involvement product category.

Arbetet innehåller en allmän presentation om automatiserad testning, om var man kan tjäna tid samt vilka fällor som finns. Vidare har en analys gjorts på de olika verktyg som finns på marknaden idag och teknikerna bakom dessa. Därefter valdes ett verktyg ut åt FDT, nämligen Rational Visual Test. En kort presentation av detta program och de tekniker som stöds tas upp. Slutligen har ett förslag på en uppdaterad version av FDT?s testmetodik utformats för att anpassas mot en automatiserad testning..

The aim of this report is to give a picture of how attitudes and behaviours of owners of environment cars look like and how they can be influenced. The alignment lies on environmental cars which run on biogas and ethanol which both are renewable fuels. The starting point is to sort out if it is environmental thinking that controls the choice and use of an environmental car. The feeling is that there are many other factors that can be more controlling, for example the price and the quality of the car. The result of the questionnaire survey which is the foundation of the report shows however that those who buy an environmental car do it mostly because of environmental reasons.

This report is focusing upon relining from a client?s point of view. Potential buyers are given a presentation of the different methods available today together with a general briefing describing the process. An important part of this report are the interviews that took place with already established customers. Property owners, managers, pipe cleaners, and project managers whom all been in contact with relining have answered the questions given along with their own thoughts and have also given recommendations of other persons to talk to.

In this study the spawning migration activity, habitat choice (depth and temperature), foraging activity, duration of stay in the spawning site and homing-behavior was studied for anadromous pike (Esox lucius) in the wetland Österby myr, Gotland.The spawning migration was concentrated to dusk and dawn, a homing behavior was confirmed and there was no significant difference between sexes with respect to duration of stay. A difference in habitat choice and small variation in foraging activity between individuals was established..

Several studies have shown that people misjudge and fail to correctly combine probabilities. An explanation for these tendencies is the conjunction fallacy. Basically, the conjunction fallacy refers to violations of the conjunction rule, which states that the probability of a combination of two independent events (A & B) cannot exceed the probability of neither event (A or B). In connection with the growth of the Swedish gambling market and the fact that betting is an everyday-event containing well-defined probabilities, it is considered to be both up-to-date and relevant to study whether the conjunction fallacy also occurs in betting. Previous studies have shown that people fall victims of the conjunction error, however, only in controlled laboratory settings.

The construction industry works today with a time limit, therefore it is important to have rational tools to improve the efficiency in the building process. That?s the reason for this report, where a standard for interior finishes has been developed for Sandvik. The standard for interior finishes is designed as a program for room functions and includes office space and sanitary areas. It is a proposal showing how Sandvik can design their premises in the future.

Ungdomar idag står inför en mängd valalternativ. Syftet med studien var att få förståelse för hur ungdomar i ett individperspektiv hanterar och upplever sin beslutsprocess beträffande sitt gymnasieval. En kvalitativ metod användes och intervjuer genomfördes med åtta elever i år nio från en skola i en medelstor kommun. Resultatet visar att tanken på gymnasievalet initieras främst från personer i ungdomarnas närhet. De har periodvis tänkt väldigt intensivt på gymnasievalet.

The buying decision process describes how the consumer makes a purchase decision through a rational process (Markin, 1979) and an understanding for how consumers make a purchase decision can according to Sands et al. (2010) be obtained by increased knowledge for the information search process (the second part of the buying decision process) before a purchase. Today?s society offers great opportunity to obtain information (Rahim & Clemens, 2012; Bawden & Robinson, 2009) and by that there are in other words good opportunities for a rational acting by the consumers. However, there are factors working against that consumers act rationally and seek information prior to their purchases primarily in the form of the concept of information overload (Bawden & Robinson, 2009) which claims that consumers are limited in their information search because there is too much information but also other factors such as lack of time (Wood & Neal, 2009) and ability to find information (Slegers et al.