More than fifty percent of the world population today lives in cities, and the pressures of urbanisation are particularly present in developing countries. As landscape architects, it is important to gain knowledge about the effect of urbanisation and ways to prevent the negativities. Experiencing the effects in person in a developing country, as well as learning from and about other cultures, enhances the understanding for global situations. Dar es Salaam is located in one of the most rapidly urbanising regions in the world, which puts pressure on the environment and the humans living in it. Lack of means to regulate land development has led to a situation where expansion of unplanned settlements occurs, with spatial disorder as a consequence. This has in the extension led to a decreasing amount of publicly available and qualitative green spaces, and degradation of the few ones that exist. There are facts that strengthen the status of urban parks, which especially becomes relevant in developing countries where many people live in sparse and exposed conditions.

This essay is from a student at the cultural science program in Karlstad University. The essay in Culture studies deals about the history use and about the cultural-historical values on buildings. The buildings are from a certain area called the neighborhood Almen and have in the past been threatening many times of demolition. The neighborhood Almen buildings survived a huge city fire back in the 19th century. Since then the buildings has been known as a memory and by the inhabitants and as the oldest part of the city left.

Natural disasters are becoming more common due to climate change and it is important to adapt the society and its infrastructure to withstand events such as extreme rainfall. Precipitation is an important climatic factor affecting the transport and annually generates the cost of millions in damages, over the past 40 years heavy rain has increased and will continue to increase in the future. The extreme rainfall that occurred in Kramfors municipality in September 2013 led to flooding and destroyed several roads, including highway 90, which recently both had been rebuilt and given a new stretch of road. Extreme rainfall had also occurred in the municipality earlier.  The aim of the thesis was to examine how the Swedish Transport Administration handles new knowledge gained after natural disasters and how this is used in the planning of new roads.

Gunnebo House and Gardens was designed during the late 18th century by architect Carl Wilhelm Carlberg as a summer residence for the wealthy merchant John Hall Sr. and his family. The garden consists of formal garden, kitchen garden and English park. For the first two parts several original drawings have been preserved and here a lot of restoration work has been carried out. This paper aims to examine how the English park might have been implemented during John Hall Sr.?s time and to create a plant scheme for the area called ?Engelska kullen? (The English hill).

I urbana miljöer har antalet stressrelaterade sjukdomar ökat. En healing garden eller rehabiliteringsträdgård är speciellt designad för att minska stress och öka återhämtning. Syftet med arbetet är att identifiera de stressreducerande designprinciperna för en healing garden och undersöka hur de kan användas i en omgestaltning av en stressig plats i staden för att dämpa stress och möjliggöra återhämtning för besökarna. Arbetet avgränsas till helande trädgårdar med syfte att motverka stress. Det finns inget svar på varför en vistelse i en helande trädgård har en återhämtande effekt men det finns studier som visar att de har det. Olika teorier presenteras, bland annat att vi människor evolutionärt sett är mer anpassade till ett liv i naturen och att det därmed har en lugnande effekt. En annan teori är att välmående kommer som följd av aktivitet i trädgården. Vi valde att omgestalta Uppsala Resecentrum eftersom det är en plats där många människor dagligen passerar och som vi upplever som stressig.

When the purpose is to create an illustration plan for a new neighbourhood there arelots of things to think about. In this report follows a description of the three differentplan modells SCAFT/TRÅD, garden city and ekological planning. SCAFT is aplanning model that were used in the 1970s. It contains proposals how to make thetraffic enviorment safer. TRÅD replaced SCAFT in 1982 and it contains also adviceshow to make the traffic enviorment safer.

Many tropical rain forests has been lost or degraded as a result of human activities and environmental factors. Since the level of biodiversity is high in the tropics, maintaining these areas is of great importance. Forests like these are often assumed to benefit from forest restoration and rehabilitation. The INIKEA project area in Eastern Sabah, Malaysian Borneo, aims to improve biodiversity and/or species richness in the degraded forest through enrichment planting with indigenous species. The objective of this thesis was to evaluate how different treatments (liberation, gap-cluster planting and line planting) affect the biodiversity of natural regeneration in different forest types in the Rain forest Restoration Experiment, located in the INIKEA project area.

Morgondagens samhällen står inför stora utmaningar såsom att hantera den ökande mängden intensiva och extrema nederbördstillfällen som förväntas att komma i framtiden. Lösningen finns i att planera och tänka på helheten om hur städerna på bästa sätt kan utformas med hjälp av funktionella öppna dagvattenlösningar för att ge en bra och effekt avrinning. Det gäller också att skapas förståelse att öppna dagvattensystem bidrar med positiva effekter till samhället, t.ex. genom att bli en resurs för stadens vegetation och grönområden och därav åstadkomma grönare och vackrare städer (Hållbar dag- och dränvattenhantering, 2011)och som gynnar folks hälsa(Viklander & Blecken 2012). Det urbana kretsloppet, skriver Butler & Davies (2011), ersätter en del av det naturliga kretsloppet och Lidström (2012) förklarar att det urbana kretsloppet lånar vatten från det naturliga och skapar då en extra loop för vattnets väg genom cirkel. Butler & Davies (2011) förklarar hur viktigt det är att det finns en förståelse kring konsekvenserna som uppstår när en del av det naturliga hydrologiska kretsloppet ersätts med en artificiell del för den urbana miljön.

The production of cut flowers has diminished in Sweden and the remaining growers produce mainly in greenhouses. This situation could be changed if hardy, garden perennials suitable for Swedish conditions were to be used as cut flowers. A grower with suitable equipment as plastic tunnels or houses would be able to provide florists with an attractive assortment of perennials for cutting, during an extended selling period compared with the natural flowering period for these cultivars. This assortment would be based upon imported perennials already used by florists, but would also contain new products. To investigate the demand for locally field grown perennials as cut flowers, an inquiry took place.

Företag och organisationer arbetar mycket med att förstärka sin position på marknaden, att leva upp till sin image och stärka sin identitet. En viktig del i arbetet handlar om att bygga ett starkt varumärke utifrån verksamhetens kärnvärden som når ut till kunderna. Det gäller att vara tydlig i sin kommunikation. Ofta kan man se en röd tråd genom ett företags grafiska profil, hur lokalerna är utformade och hur man marknadsför sig. Att inomhusmiljön speglar företagets profil och värden är lika vanligt som att ha en tydlig grafisk profil och en logotype på sitt visitkort.

Tropical rain forests only cover around six percent of the world?s land area and contain around 70 % of the world´s animals and plants. Tropical rainforests have been, and still are, negatively affected by human activities. These activities lead to forest degradation which has negative impacts on production and biodiversity. Between 1970-1980 forests in Borneo, Sabah, Malaysia, was subjected to intense logging.

Som student fick jag en förfrågan från ett företag att, i samband med mitt examensarbete, gestalta och genomföra en idéträdgård på Malmö Garden Show 31 maj-2 juni 2013. Idéträdgården skulle bestå av en grönskande uteplats, vara realistisk, applicerbar och väcka tankar och idéer för den egna trädgården. Konceptet lyder: en grönskande uteplats för folket i tiden, med fokus på avkoppling, samvaro, tidlöshet och grönska. I arbetet med idéträdgården som uteplats ledde tankarna till hur villaträdgårdars uteplatser har sett ut ur ett historiskt perspektiv. I arbetet beskrivs olika intressanta tidstypiska särdrag för olika epoker, från 1930-talet-1970-talet samt idag 2010-tal. Detta för att urskilja och förstå eventuella historiska drag och dra paralleller med idéträdgården. Bland annat redogörs det för hur stor plats uteplatsen tog i villa-trädgården och vilka aktiviteter som ägde rum. Vidare vilka material och former som speglade tiden och om speciella golv och eventuella tak fanns och var tidstypiska.

This degree project has been performed along with Classic Garden in Gothenburg andBallongfirman Far & Flyg in Stockholm. Together we have developed a sun- wind- andrain protection. The protection is permanently assembled and mainly intended for publicenvironments as restaurants and outdoor cafés.The design on the sun protection was already done so our task has been to develop theconstruction and to build a prototype in scale 1:4 and one in scale 1:1. The look of thesun protection is approximately as the name implies, equal an igloo. The lamellae aregoing to fold out in different steps all the way down to the ground and the both sides willbe independently of each other.The first stage in the project was to develop differently principle proposal on how thefunction will work when folding in and out the protection.

Summary The estate of Johannishus is situated in the south of Sweden and in the province of Blekinge, about 8 kilometres from the city of Ronneby. The main building together with the park represents the province´s only example of a well preserved estate environment from the early 1800th Century, and was declared as a historic monument in 1982 because of its unique role in the province. Johannishus Park has during 300 years developed in close relation to the main building, the landscape and the surrounding infrastructure. Each century and owner has had an influence on the park, which has resulted in an interesting visible cross-section of 300 years of Swedish garden history. Most noticeable today are the traces from late 19th Century, but in its oldest parts the park contains structures from the early 18th Century.

Abstract In order to work with historical sites, there must be an understanding of the complexity around the preservation of parks, gardens and landscapes and the approach to be used in the rebuilding and renewal. These issues are an important starting point of this essay. Historical environments give us as individuals an insight in who we are and from where we come, which is an important part of our need of identity as human beings. Without them, our roots in the past will be non-existent. The importance of this support base lies not only in the garden conservation, but also in the picture of developments, which we have through of as time mirrors of our living environment.