En central tanke med skolgången är att någon form av kunskapsprogression kontinuerligt ska äga rum. Kunskapsprogression ska genomsyra alla skolämnen och kunskapsprogression ska dessutom följa över stadieövergångar. I uppsatsen ställs frågan huruvida någon sådan kunskapsprogression sker mellan grundskolans senare år och gymnasieskolan inom ett specifikt skolämne, nämligen religionskunskapen. För att få svar på frågeställningen har material samlats utifrån tre olika datakällor, nämligen intervjuer, examinationer och läroböcker. Datakällorna har samlats in från tre religionslärare som undervisar på grundskolans senare år och tre religionslärare som undervisar i religionskunskap A på gymnasieskolan.

This thesis approaches the problem of estimating the arm angles of an industrial robot with flexibilities in joints and links. Due to cost-cutting efforts in the industrial robots industry, weaker components and more cost-effective structures have been introduced which in turn has led to problems with flexibilities, nonlinearities and friction. In order to handle these challenging dynamic problems and achieve high accuracy this study introduces state observers to estimate the tool position.The observers use measurements of the motor angles and an accelerometer and the different evaluated observers are based on an Extended Kalman Filter and a deterministic variant. They have been evaluated in experiments on an industrial robot with two degrees of freedom. The experimental verification shows that the state estimates can be highly accurate for medium frequency motions, ranging from 3-30Hz.

J.O. Mallander?s Extended Play (1968) is a sound recording, a readymade, of the counting of votes in two presidential elections in Finland, during 1962 and 1968. A voice repeats monotonously: ?Kekkonen, Kekkonen, Kekkonen, Kekkonen, Kekkonen?? Although the Finnish president Urho Kekkonen represents, almost personifies, the politics of the post World War II period in Finland, Extended Play does not explicitly address the political. Rather, as this essay argues, it engages in the discourses of power and politics by providing a temporalization of its fixedness, or what Jacques Derrida terms the proper.Extended Play is, in parallel with Derrida?s critique of western metaphysics, a deconstruction in sound that challenges the state ideologies conveyed in the process of the counting of votes, where the presuppositions of the presence of the voice characterizes the ambiguities of power that Kekkonen?s politics of neutrality represent.Mallander?s readymade emerges as a double of the game theory strategies of the Cold War, a mimetic surplus of the administrative control mechanisms of sound recording.

Tail-biting in pigs is an animal welfare issue and in Sweden during 2002 the producers lost tree million Swedish crowns because of tail biting. This economic loss depends on the pigs which are discarded at slaughter because of tail biting. Tail biting can be separated into two stages, "pre-injury" and "injury". The aim of this study is to investigate if tail biting depends on environment or genetic background.A lot of research on the environments effects on the behaviour of pigs but not so much on the genetic effects has been performed. The frequency of tail biting in pig farms influence among others of environment enrichment, ventilation, gender and breed of the pig.

För att en elev ska börja på ett nationellt gymnasieprogram krävs att hon/han har godkända betyg i tre ämnen från grundskolan och ett av dessa ämnen är matematik. Men godkända elever i matematik från åk 9 visar sig ha stora svårigheter med kurs A på gymnasiets yrkesförberedande program.Syftet med den här studien är att belysa vilka skillnader som finns i den matematik som lärs på grundskolans högstadium och gymnasiets kurs Matematik A med avseende på de kunskapsmål som ska uppnås. Är dessa skillnader stora eller kommer kursen matematik A vara en repetition av tidigare matematik för de elever som går på yrkesförberedande programmen? Som ett annat syfte söker jag svar på frågan om elevernas svårigheter med att uppnå godkänt betyg i matematik A kan härröras till dessa skillnader.Undersökningen har gjorts genom sammanställning av kursplanerna i matematik för grundskolan år 9 och kurs A för gymnasieskolan samt kartläggning av det matematiska innehållet i de vanliga läroböckerna på två skolor. Därefter har jag gjort en kvalitativ undersökning genom intervjuer av fyra lärare på de två skolorna.

The aim was to explore how the first page of a student newspaper has been changed over time since it was founded in the 1960´s.This thesis explores how the front page of the student newspaper Lösnummer has been changed since it was founded in 1966. It concerns the location and frequency of elements and it is based on theories of layout, the first page and visual communicationIn addition, the thesis develops a new kind of method for determining the location of elements on the type area. The method is based on the hexadecimal number system. It is formed as a grid which is placed on the first page to determine the location of the elements.It concludes that the frequency of elements had its peak during the 1970´s and has ever since decreased gradually. Image placement has gone from being scattered all over the front page to be centered and increase in size. .

This study is a thesis project for the program Civilingenjör och Lärare at KTH. The study was conducted in spring 2014 in collaboration with Komplementskolan AB which has developed the educational material Studi.se, the focal point of this study.The overall aim of the study is to increase the knowledge of the participant teachers? conception and use of the educational material Studi.se. The second purpose is to increase knowledge about the forms of use some of these teachers apply or claim to apply when using Studi.se. Theoretical framework used is constructivism and the notions of Piaget: adaptation, assimilation and accommodation.

Post-anaesthetic myopathy (PAM) is a serious occasional complication of general anaesthesia in horses. It causes not only pain and suffering to the horse, but also suffering (trauma) to the owner with increased veterinary costs. In the worst case PAM can be fatal. The anaesthetic nurse must know which parameters have to be taken into consideration in the prevention of PAM, to be able to prevent it, and use that knowledge for the animals safety. The aim of this literature review was to investigate and make a presentation of the factors and measurements associated with PAM, with focus on how to monitor these measurements to prevent it from happening, and the advice a Veterinary nurse can give to the horse owner regarding this condition. According to literature there a few factors that greatly increase the risk of PAM, these include- hypotension, periods less than 60 mmHg significantly increases the risk.

Today, pigs are moved on farm, between farms, between countries and to abattoirs. This movement of live pigs requires handling practices that are designed for the purpose. The objective of this study was to research the use of paddle in moving pigs, to investigate if there were different methods of paddle practice, explore the time efficiency of different kinds of paddle use and if there were any time variations in methods that varied in intensity of touch. This study was done on two Swedish abattoirs for a total of five weeks. A total of 22 transporters working at two different abattoirs where studied during unloading of pigs at the abattoirs.

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether gallop training, rather than regular drive training, is worthwhile for trotters race performance. Another aim of the study was to expand the author?s riding- and driving capacity, and get more practical experience on the impact of interval training on trotters. The sample population in the study was two trotters, one Standardbred, and one cold-blood. Given the small sample population, the results of the study is only indicative on the effects of gallop training on trotters, and not conclusive.

This paper describes a method for wireless energy transfer via near-field electromagnetic inductionthat is inexpensive, simple and can be applied to almost any type of system, regardless of size andenergy demands.The method uses a primary unit consisting of an oscillator, amplifier and inductive coil thattransfers energy to a secondary unit consisting of a coil, rectifier and voltage regulator. Two typesof oscillators and several amplifier designs were realized and evaluated together with a multitudeof flat coils of both monofilar and bifilar type.The results show that it is important to use an oscillator whose frequency is dependent on theinductance of the connected transmission coil, such as the Colpitts oscillator. This is preferable toan oscillator with a preset frequency, such as a Schmitt-trigger oscillator..

Taket utgör en stor del av hur vi upplever ett rum men är ofta en bortglömd del av det - ett trassel av ventilationsrör och eldragningar eller täckt av vita ljudabsorberande plattor. Syftet med projektet är att med textila experiment hitta vägar att utnyttja taket och på så vis ge rummet en ny karaktär.Resultatet av mitt arbete  är en textil där en geometrisk form i upprepning blir något  väldigt komplext och organiskt. Textilen kan i detta projekt användas rumsligt, för att skapa form och drapera rum. .

Denna rapport är en beskrivning av ett examensarbete utfört vid SPM Instrument AB i Strängnäs. SPM Instrument utvecklar och tillverkar produkter för konditionsmätning av maskiner. Målet var att skapa en cd-presentation i redigeringsprogrammet Macromedia Flash 5.0, som på ett enkelt sätt med rörliga bilder förklarar en konditionsmätningsmetod som kallas för Stöt Puls Metoden.Uppgiften löstes genom att först inhämta information om Stöt Puls Metoden, sedan utformades Flash-filmen och slutligen testades och utvecklades filmen tills dess att jag och SPM Instrument var nöjda.

This report discusses a method to detect divers in harbour environments usingpassive acoustic detection. The goal was to achieve as high detection as possiblewithout having too high false alarm rate. A short execution time was also desirable.By using the characteristic of an inhalation a band-pass filter was applied to the signalto improve the signal to noise ratio. After the filtering an energy estimation of thesignal was made. This energy estimation was later used in a frequency analysis, whichcould tell us if there were enough energy in the frequencies that correspond to adivers breathing frequency.

The essay seeks to clarify some of the decisive but often obscured issues in the famous debate between Jacques Derrida and Jonn F. Searle. The debate commenced in 1977 with the publication in Glyph of Derrida?s lecture Signature Event Context from -71, followed by Searle?s Reiterating the Differences. A Reply to Derrida and subsequently Derrida?s reply Limited Inc a b c ? which encouraged Searle to renew his criticism.