This study was performed in collaboration with Moelven Skog AB, Örebro district. The purpose of the study was to review existing literature in order to describe the current status of harvester based measurement technology as the way to provide information for calculating payment to the forest owners. In addition to this, a short survey was conducted to find out how a switch to harvester based measurement would affect the administrative workload on timber purchasers working for the district. The literature study shows that the harvester measurement technology is ready to use if it is combined with well-established routines for control of the harvesters, methods for automatic quality indexing of the timber and ways of creating pricelists specially adapted for harvester measurement. Pricing each stem seems to be the most promising method. Stem pricing has several benefits.

Large amounts of birch-timber are imported to Sweden, from particularly the Baltic States, since the domestic production can?t support the pulp industry. The goal of this study was to show the potential of birch and the area?s most suitable for birch production. The study was limited to Gävleborg County. Using site characteristics, site index (SI) for birch was estimated on all National Forest Inventory plots in Gävleborg County.

The project was performed at SiemensIndustry Drive Technologies with theobjective to provide actual values forthe energy savings potential withinSiemens scope of practice.In Sweden the electrical drives standfor about 30 % of the total electricityconsumption and about 60 % of theelectricity consumption within theindustry. During the pre-study phaseelectrical drives with pump applicationswere identified as large energy users.Because of this a case study at one ofSiemens customers, Stora Enso Fors wasperformed. The system that was evaluatedduring the case study was a throttledsystem with a centrifugal pump forpumping pulp.The results yielded that a saving ofover 50 % could be achieved by replacingthe throttle valve with a variable speeddrive, a frequency converter. Thepayback period was two years and twomonths and the present value for thetotal life cycle cost of the variablespeed system was 662.566 SEK lower thanfor the throttled system. As aconsequence, Stora Enso Fors is advisedto invest in a frequency converter forregulation of the system.The general conclusion is that a focuson system efficiency is the mostimportant factor in energy efficiencyprojects and that the system regulationmethod has a large impact on the overallsystem losses and hence its efficiency.Energy efficiency potential forthrottled systems with centrifugal pumpsis large and significant economicalsavings can be made through investmentswith short payback time..

This thesis describes possibilities for Metso Paper to lower their costs of spray pipes for their pulp wash press TRPE, with maintained good functionality and quality.Information that can be used by competitors has been censored in this version of the essay.To find solutions, alternative suppliers have been contacted and asked to quote. There has also been a new spray pipe designed. The manufacturing costs of the new design have been calculated.The thesis also contains a concept generation of an alternative product to the spray pipes in installations where a high pressure washer is used.To be able to ask other manufacturers of spray pipes to quote, a demand specification based on the currently used spray pipe was made. This was then sent to two alternative suppliers.An investigation of earlier used spray pipes, and the currently used, shows that the nozzles are a big part of the total costs of the spray pipes. To attempt to reduce the nozzles high cost an concept generation was made to find the best solution for a new design.There was a request that it should be possible to change the internal brushes in the spray pipe without cutting and welding.

This thesis describes possibilities for Metso Paper to lower their costs of spray pipes for their pulp wash press TRPE, with maintained good functionality and quality.Information that can be used by competitors has been censored in this version of the essay.To find solutions, alternative suppliers have been contacted and asked to quote. There has also been a new spray pipe designed. The manufacturing costs of the new design have been calculated.The thesis also contains a concept generation of an alternative product to the spray pipes in installations where a high pressure washer is used.To be able to ask other manufacturers of spray pipes to quote, a demand specification based on the currently used spray pipe was made. This was then sent to two alternative suppliers.An investigation of earlier used spray pipes, and the currently used, shows that the nozzles are a big part of the total costs of the spray pipes. To attempt to reduce the nozzles high cost an concept generation was made to find the best solution for a new design.There was a request that it should be possible to change the internal brushes in the spray pipe without cutting and welding.

This thesis describes possibilities for Metso Paper to lower their costs of spray pipes for their pulp wash press TRPE, with maintained good functionality and quality.Information that can be used by competitors has been censored in this version of the essay.To find solutions, alternative suppliers have been contacted and asked to quote. There has also been a new spray pipe designed. The manufacturing costs of the new design have been calculated.The thesis also contains a concept generation of an alternative product to the spray pipes in installations where a high pressure washer is used.To be able to ask other manufacturers of spray pipes to quote, a demand specification based on the currently used spray pipe was made. This was then sent to two alternative suppliers.An investigation of earlier used spray pipes, and the currently used, shows that the nozzles are a big part of the total costs of the spray pipes. To attempt to reduce the nozzles high cost an concept generation was made to find the best solution for a new design.There was a request that it should be possible to change the internal brushes in the spray pipe without cutting and welding.

This report describes the development of an application in collaboration with Designingenjörerna AB. The company has worked for a long time with a community platform and they required an application where users can create their own unique profile representations, called Avatar Creator. An Avatar Creator is computer based application, which makes it possible to create a virtual character. The problem area behind this is that, large websites require a lot of administrative work when people upload profile pictures on different community pages. They can contain abusive material or pictures of other people rather than those who created the profile.The questions in this report are, how can an Avatar Creator help user to get a unique profile of himself? What are the advantages and disadvantages of an Avatar Creator? How to create a user-friendly application?To understand how an Avatar Creator works and get ideas to create an application, exiting Avatar Creators were reviewed on the Web.Collaborative work with Designingenjörerna AB was done to pin down the requirements for the Avatar creator application.

According to Food and Agriculture Organization newsprint is defined as: Uncoated paper, unsized (or only slightly sized), containing at least 60 percent of mechanical wood pulp. The consumption of newsprint in Sweden was just over 798 000 tonnes in 2009, which represents approximately 90 kg per person. Although there are studies that predict a drastic reduction in newsprint consumption in the Western world, there seems to be a clear difference between forecasts for the future given by statistical analysis of newsprint consumption and forecasts given by experts in the industry. The former predict a continuing increase while the experts see a coming decrease in consumption.In this report, both demand and business strategies of newsprint in Sweden are studied. The study also presents a forecast of the future which is based on historical data and qualitative interviews.

Den  ökande  risken  för  att  drabbas  av  dataintrång  ställer  allt  högre  krav  på datoranvändarens medvetenhet om de risker  och hot  som idag föreligger  i nätverk och  på  Internet.  En  väldigt  stor  del  av  datoranvändare  installerar  inte  alltid  de senaste  uppdateringarna  då  de  tillgängliggörs  och  detta  medför  att  systemen  som saknar dessa viktiga uppdateringar blir extra sårbara för hot från angripare.Tekniska  sårbarhetsanalyser  kan  vara  hjälpsamma  för  att  på  ett  smidigt  sätt uppskatta  potentiella  risker  och sårbarheter  i  ett  befintligt  informationssystem. En stor  fördel  med  många  av  dagens  sårbarhetsverktyg  är  att  de  till  stor  del  är automatiserade  och  således  inte  kräver  allt  för  djupa  kunskaper  för  att  använda, samt att de är relativt enkla att implementera.I  den  här  rapporten  har  säkerheten  i  Windows  7  och  tre  populära  programvarorundersökts.  De  tre  programvarorna  som  låg  till  grund  för  undersökningen  varOracle  Java,   Adobe  Flash  och  Adobe  Reader.  För  att  utvärdera  säkerheten  har  vi genomfört  sårbarhetsanalyser  i  syfte  att  kontrollera  hur  systemets  säkerhet påverkas,  dels  vid  installation  av  nya  programvaror,  men  även  i  systemets  skede före-  och  efter  viktiga  säkerhetsuppdateringar  .   Enklare  penetrationstester  har även genomförts  för att påvisa några av de identifierade sårbarheterna och hur de kan utnyttjas för att få full åtkomst till kritiska delar av systemet.Resultaten  i  rapporten  visar  att  det  är  väldigt  viktigt  att  datoranvändare kontinuerligt uppdaterar sina installerade programvaror och sitt operativsystem för att minska riskerna för dataintrång..

Syftet med denna studie var att synliggöra förskollärares tankar om vardagsmatematiken. Studien skulle även innefatta hur förskollärare tar tillvara på den vardagliga matematiken. Vår metod i studien gick ut på att intervjua förskollärare genom en self report, som tillhör den kvalitativa forskningen. Vår self report innebar att de tillfrågade förskollärarna skriftligt fick redogöra sina tankar och erfarenheter utifrån frågeformuläret. Med hjälp av vår self reports öppna frågor synliggjordes förskollärares djupgående tankar om ett visst fenomen, vilket leder in vår studie till en fenomenografisk forskningsansats.

Konceptet Smarttv är väldigt nytt. Detta är något de flesta företag vill utnyttja sig av, för att utvidga deras arbetsområde. Vi fick uppdrag av söktjänstbolaget Eniro att ta fram en Smarttvapplikation, så att användare enkelt skall kunna utnyttja deras tjänster på ett smidigt sätt. Arbetet var avsett för att ge läsare inblick över den Smarta Tv världen, samt dela med sig av de erfarenheter vi har fått under arbetets gång. Denna rapport riktar sig huvudsakligen mot utvecklare och personer som har någorlunda teknisk bakgrund.

Utveckling av mobilapplikationer är ett område som har haft en stark tillväxt de senaste åren. Området är relativt nytt och outforskat och förväntas att öka i många år framöver då allt fler företag ser möjligheten att nå ut till sina kunder var de än befinner sig.Syftet med studien är att utreda och identifiera hur utveckling kan ske av användbara gränssnitt till mobiltelefoner. Särskild fokus har legat på utveckling av gränssnitt som dessutom kommer att finnas representerade i flera olika produkter då detta ställer särskilda krav på dess gränssnitt.Prototypen av mobilapplikationen som utvecklats har genomgått en iterativ designprocess som är baserad på litteraturundersökning och målgruppsanalys av potentiella användare genom intervjuer och en enkät. Ett designramverk har skapats och använts vid utveckling av en mobilapplikation samtidigt som persona, kravspecifikation och scenarier har skapats och utgjort grunden för en potentiell användare. Prototypen har utvärderats genom användartester varpå en interaktiv prototyp har skapats i Adobe Flash.Applikationen som utvecklats med ramverket som stöd anses uppnå god användbarhet och vara effektiv att använda.

In public libraries there seems to be an unspoken consensus on what literary quality is. At the same time librarians are always eager to express the opinion that quality lies in the eye of the beholder. Quality is, it is said, something that you don t have to define. But at the same time it s up to everyone to decide what quality means to them. What I have been missing from the discussion in libraries about literary quality is a theoretical awareness about what it means to divide literature into higher and lower spheres.

In Sweden, the demand for bio energy has increased in recent years due to the current energy and climate debate. In 2008, the energy supply of Sweden was 612 TWh, biofuels accounted for 123 TWh of these. Stumps have been highlighted as a potential fuel in recent years and the Swedish Forest Agency expects a technically and biologically feasible potential of 20.7 TWh annually between 2010 and 2019. The idea of utilize stumps is not new. During the 19th century stumps were used for tar production and during the 70?s and 80?s attempts were made to use stumps in the pulp industry.

SammanfattningDet här projektet handlade om att konstruera en effektmätare. Projektet var en del av ett större projekt som heter Wattch som drevs av forskningsinstitutet Interactive Institute. Tanken med projektet Wattch var att elförbrukningen ska jämföras med bensinförbrukningen i en bil.Utgående från en kravspecifikation så skulle en effektmätare konstrueras. Det första som gjordes var en projektplan som beskriver idé, mål och tidplan för projektet. Efter det så gjordes förstudier om hur effekt beräknas, hur fasströmmen kan mätas och om information om trådlöst nätverk.