The purpose of this study was to find out what pedagogues in preschool think when it comes to children?s influence and how they do to give the children opportunity to express their thoughts and point of views and thereby influence their situation.The literature review treats the conception of the competent child and shows that having child perspective is important in meeting children. The literature review implies that participation and influence means sensitivity to children?s expressions and that pedagogues lets these expressions influence the activities in preschool. It is not about children always getting their ways, but that they are respected and are given space to think freely.Searching for pedagogues? thoughts on children?s influence and how they do for giving it, I interviewed six persons, working at six different preschools.

Since the Maastricht Treaty the European Parliament has gained competence in the decision-making process and the Parliament is today one of two decision-making institution, next to the Ministers of Council. In this study the main focus has been to shed light over the negotiation culture within the European Parliament, which up till now has been a neglected research area. This is of great significance because the internal negotiations in the European Parliament decide the external negotiation position with the other institutions.After face-to-face interviews with MEP:s and assistants I have been able to identify certain characteristics to create an understanding of the negotiation culture in Europe's elected Parliament. The negotiations are oriented towards a problems-solving approach and the prevailing apprehension is consensus-based negotiations instead of the existence of political blocks. The committees are stronger than the European party groups, which further encourage negotiation.

Denna studie har undersökt hur sociala problem beskrivs inom samtida svensk hiphopmusik. Syftet var att öka kunskapen om hur sociala problem formuleras. Därför har studien syftat till att undersöka vilken social problematik som beskrivs i hiphoptexterna samt hur och varför redogörelserna ser ut som de gör. I studien användes en innehållsanalys för att analysera 105 svenska hiphoptexter. Goffmans teori om stigma och Wacquants begrepp territoriellt stigma har applicerats vid analysen av de empiriska resultaten. Resultaten visar att svensk hiphopmusik tar upp sju sociala problem; missbruk, rasism, fattigdom, kriminalitet, utanförskap, prostitution samt hemlöshet.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the female experience as it is spoken of in the novel Sindhia written by Rut Hillarp (1954) and how the main character in the book violates the experience from a queer perspective. My aim is to through a close reading highlight a number of discourses that underpin the book's imminent theme of love and submission.According to Norman Faircloughs critical-discourse analysis, the text one reads produces a certain amount of discourses that one consumes. This way there is a dialectical interaction that can be set into a practical analysis together with a suitable academic perspective. This is the method I use in this thesis.The academic perspective I add isJudith Butler's queer theoriessupported by Michel Foucaults social genealogyin order to understand/analyze the woman?s position in relation to a social empirical history.I came to the conclusion that Sindhia produces the woman's discourse from an ancient biblical/ mythological time up to modern time.

Detta är en uppsats som hat fått sin utgångspunkt från rapporten "Om sociala problem i nya bostadsområden" från Centralförbundet för socialt arbete. Rapporten från 1976 konstaterade att det i hög grad förekom sociala problem i de nya bostadsområden som byggs enligt Miljonprogramsmodellen. I Halmstad byggdes bostadsområdet Andersberg för att bota den bostadsbrist som under 1960-talet rådde i Halmstad. Då området byggdes enligt normer från just Miljonprogrammet, blev uppsatsens syfte att se hur väl detta bostadsområde stämde överens med de definitioner av sociala problem som preciserades i rapporten, samt att ge en lokal och levande bild av det tidiga Andersberg. Artiklar och insändare från Hallandsposten och material från Halmstad Kommunarkiv bekräftade att ANdersberg tidigt inte bara hade problem likt de som konstaterats från 1976, utan även problem av annan karaktär, såsom vandalisering, otrygghet och klagomål på barnsäkerheten i området..

When we started this study we quickly saw that almost all the previous research that we find was focused and concentrated on the fact that the employees should be motivated. The research also presents a top-down perspective which means from the head to the employee. A Swedish newspaper wrote in an article that 1/3 of all Swedish heads can?t motivate their employers. A Swedish internet platform discusses this and says that heads need to be motivated to be able to motivate people around himself.

AbstractThis study deals with motivation as an overall concept, from a student perspective. It encompasses factors that could directly affect students and their positive or negative motivation, concepts such as relationships, communication, expectations and interactions and their importance to my informants.The study also discusses certain theories to show the different ways of defining motivation, specifically in relation to my informants and their and my conclusions. My ambition is to establish the importance of the concepts mentioned above, as well as perspective changes to the enhancement of the performance standards of a good teacher.The purpose of this work is to describe, understand and clarify the external and internal factors that affect motivation. In order to achieve this purpose, I chose to use a method of qualitative interviews with three students, with different backgrounds, schools and conditions but with a lack of motivation as a unifying characteristic. The research questions were as follows:What factors influence students' motivation?   What impact do achievement targets have in relation to the pupils? own motivation to learn?How important are teachers' expectations for the individual student's motivation?Within this study sub-concepts such as importance of expectations, relationships, and significant others are, according to my analysis, of great importance.

This study examines how the American comic book industry?s output is addressing the issue of Islam and in which manner the portrayal of Islam in the great American comic book universes have changed since 2001. The comic books are examined from the postcolonial perspective as formulated by Chandra Mohanty and the power and resistance-perspective as formulated by Michel Foucault. Examination of the comic books reveals far greater focus on universal values, orthopraxy and inclusive perspectives than it does on dogmatic teachings, orthodoxy and sectarianism while at the same time partly relying on generalizations and archetypes concerning Islam. To change the power balance requires what I call intervention from the objective, that is to say that ambiguity regarding Muslim characters has to be eliminated by the narrative.

Flickor och pojkar har olika förutsättningar i matematikundervisningen. Vi behandlar flickor och pojkar olika bara för att de är flickor och pojkar. Forskningen visar att vid problemlösning finns det skillnader gällande hur flickor och pojkar går tillväga för att lösa problem. Syftet är att undersöka dessa skillnader och varför de finns. Utvalda elever har fått matematiska problem som de ska lösa.

The purpose of this study is to investigate how some teachers work with above-average pupils in mathematics. I have issued three questions based on the purpose of this study:How do teachers define an above-average pupil?In what way the teachers stimulate and challenge the above-average pupils?Has the school done something special for the above-average pupils?The method used to conduct this study was a semi-structured qualitative interview with four teachers in primary school. The method consists of interviews and observations.The study shows that the teachers make an effort to give these pupils extra attention and challenging tasks. A major focus is put on problems solving and to develop the pupil's ability to be able to explain how they think and if necessary, they should be able to explain even to their fellow- pupils.

Background and problem discussionThe temporary employment industry has grown extensively during the past two decades since the market was deregulated. Companies today need to be flexible to meet fluctuating demand and economic climate in society which has made the market expand. When using employees not directly employed by the company there is a risk that long term effects appears that the companies have not thought of.Aim of studyTo create a model of what negative aspects companies should consider when making the decision to use temporary employees.Methodological frameworkThe study performed through an abdicative literature study and with an empirical data collection method of a qualitative approach where we interviewed five hiring companies and one temporary agency on the decision of hiring temporary employees.Frame of referenceProblem areas with the use of temporary employments were identified through four perspectives of the organization; the structural, human resource, symbolic and political perspective. The problem areas we address are organizational learning, motivation, risk of eroding human capital, belongingness and conflicts. These will be described and presented together with management control to counter the problems.EmpiricsThe empirics are focused on what aspects the companies of the study considered when making the decision to use temporary employment, what the companies? different reasons for using temporary employment are and what they do to minimize possible negative effects.Analysis and conclusionsCompanies use temporary employees mostly to become more flexible, both numerically and in their competence.

This paper investigates, through an actor-network theory perspective, how the recreation area Lo?vsta-Kyrkhamn-Riddersvik northwest of Stockholm has developed from being a dumping site into becoming a nature reserve. This investigation also tries to describe and explain which values that have been promoted in the area by the local voluntary associations and companies. Lo?vsta-Kyrkhamn-Riddersvik has been inhabited for more than 3000 years, originally with farming as the most important business.

This final year project is dedicated to investigate the problem domain of system maintenance management. The purpose is to find problems in the system maintenance management of today. Whether there is any problem that can be elicitated in the requirements engineering?s phase that could help to obtain more maintenance management friendly systems and if it is not possible to obtain more maintenance management friendly, what else can be done?It has been learned that there are many problems today in the problem domain and the most great ones are the system documentation, stress and a systemknowledge lack among developers, system managers and system users.The requirements that have been found for this problem is good documentation, and use of simple solutions in the creating of the system..

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to see how technology is presented in different fictional picture books that are available in preschool. Six fictional picture books that have connection to technology in picture and text have been analysed. In order to show how technology can be made visible in fictional picture books, the relation between picture and text has been analysed through a technology perspective. Furthermore, the pictures and the texts have been analysed separately in order to show what they show respectively in terms of technology. The fictional picture book has a potential to be a basis for making technology visible in preschool, which is a step in a new direction.

This study aims to examine how social workers, in the Swedish social services, perceive and interpret LVU § 3 from a gender perspective. In total eight social workers participated in the study, attending interviews based on a vignette. From a gender perspective we wanted to found out how the social workers define "other socially destructive behaviour" and understand their thoughts about this subject. Moreover, we aimed to see if social workers perceive any differences between boys and girls behaviour. Based on several theories, two gender theories and concepts we have analysed our result from the interviews.