Despite the fact that the issue has been discussed for several decades, there are still no rules in Sweden mandating political parties and candidates to disclose received donations. Because of this lack of transparency, Sweden is not fulfilling some of its international obligations and has fallen behind in the international trend to increase the transparency of election campaign finance. The lack of disclosure rules in Sweden has led to extensive criticism, most notably from the Council of Europe´s group of states against corruption, Greco, who criticized Sweden in light of the guidelines on the subject from the Council of Europe. At this writing, a new proposal for disclosure rules is being prepared at the Department of Justice, DoJ. The proposal is to be presented in spring 2013.

The purpose of the essay is to analyze the welfare state from a gender perspective. Further, the paper analyzes and critically examines three different normative solutions provided by Irish Marion Young, Nancy Fraser and Jürgen Habermas for the realization of a welfare state that includes women.Habermas argues that the welfare state has created a situation of dependency and state paternalism which reduces both individual and collective self-determination. Young follows Habermas? argument. She argues for a political climate where justice is reduced to the distribution of material goods rather than the elimination of underlying relations of domination and gender specific patterns.

There is an irregularity in the interregional migration in Sweden. An increasing proportion ofthe population is drawn to the metropolitan areas, which creates problems for the smallermunicipalities and towns when their population declines. At the same time, our whole societyis faced with a great challenge: we need to redirect towards a sustainable development, wherethe environmental issues are discussed and dealt with to secure that all present and futuregenerations are given equal opportunities to live a good life.The aim of this study is to, focusing mainly on the environmental dimension of thesustainability concept, examine the attractivity of housing with sustainability claims. Toanswer this, three research questions were used:? Was the migration motive to reduce their environmental impact a part of the decision tomove, among migrants who had moved to housing with sustainability claims?? If the motive was a part of the decision, how much impact did it have compared to othermigration motives?? Which factors in housing aiming at sustainability are considered important by peopleliving in housing with sustainability claims?The research questions have been answered using quantitative data, gained in the form of selfadministeredquestionnaires which were distributed in four different residential areas withsustainability claims in the county of Västra Götaland, Sweden.

This thesis applies to a novel steam expander, one part of a steam engine system, a wobble plateengine. The piston in the expander moves axially with the outgoing rotating shaft and is locatedon a plate, why the engine type is called axial engine. When steam is applied to the plungers theplate wobbles creating a rotation on the shaft going thru the wobble plate. The steam expander issupposed to be used in exhaust gas recovery (bottoming cycle) applications and small scaleenergy production. The commissioner is Ranotor Utveckling AB.

The purpose of the essay is to analyze the welfare state from a gender perspective. Further, the paper analyzes and critically examines three different normative solutions provided by Irish Marion Young, Nancy Fraser and Jürgen Habermas for the realization of a welfare state that includes women.Habermas argues that the welfare state has created a situation of dependency and state paternalism which reduces both individual and collective self-determination. Young follows Habermas? argument. She argues for a political climate where justice is reduced to the distribution of material goods rather than the elimination of underlying relations of domination and gender specific patterns.

Syftet med denna uppsats var att få en inblick i hur deltagare i självhjälpsgrupper uppfattade en liknande verksamhet. Fokus låg på att undersöka huruvida det inom självhjälpsgruppen fanns några verksamma kurativa faktorer som varit till fromma för deltagarnas livssituation. Utifrån mitt syfte har jag formulerat följande frågeställningar: Vilka förväntningar har deltagarna på självhjälpsgruppen? Vad får deltagarna ut av att gå i en självhjälpsgrupp? Hur har upplevelserna påverkat deltagarnas livssituation? Min undersökning har utgått från en kvalitativ metod där jag intervjuade sex deltagare från fyra olika självhjälpsgrupper inom en ideell verksamhet i Västra Götaland. Jag analyserade min empiri utifrån systemteori, kurativa faktorer inom psykodynamisk gruppterapi, symbolisk interaktionism, rollteori samt teorier om bidragande faktorer vid psykisk återhämtning.

On the 1st of November 2010, the statutory audit was abolished for small limited companies. The amendment of the abolished statutory audit includes smaller private limited companies that for two years does not exceed more than one of the two following limits: net revenue of three million kronor, total assets of one and one half million kronor and three employees. The principal rule of chapter 9 section 1 Companies Act remains that a limited company should have at least one auditor. For limited companies included of the amendment has a opportunity to choose bokslutsrapporten instead of the auditor?s report as a proof of quality of the accounting and the financial reporting.

Z39.50 is a standard protocol designed to create an interface between diverse computer databases for diverse information needs. Since it has to be adjustable it is also complex and demands a certain degree of expertise when being set. However, the aim of this paper is not to make a theoretical description but to examine certain conditions in practice. From the perspective of Swedish research libraries two principal hypotheses are examined: 1) the implementation of a given technology (Z39.50) is primarily influenced by social circumstances, and 2) the way in which the technology is implemented will bias the results of information retrieval. For this examination we need a framework of theories concerning the relationship between technological development and society, organisational theories and database theories.

The bioenergy market has been introduced relatively late in a perspective of the Swedish forestry. Nowadays branches and tops are used more frequently as bioenergy after harvesting. Therefore, it has developed a competitive situation between pulpwood and bioenergy. This situation has even established some questions. Two examples of these are: ? At what top diameter should the final piece of pulpwood be crosscut to get the best economically result? ? Should the top diameter, at the final piece of pulpwood, be crosscut at a thicker or smaller diameter than what is done today? The purpose of this report is to answer these two questions when the harvesting is made motor manually in beech stands.

Background: As Porter?s diamond (1990) suggested, the business environment highly influences firms? strategies. Today, most of the companies have to decide their strategy depending from a worldwide business environment. Yet, strategy researches and the growing importance of marketing for business success also show that customer dimension must be taken into consideration. On some markets and in certain industries, the offer is much higher than the demand and then, companies need to attract customers.

Inom företagsekonomin talas det ofta om principal?agent?teorin. Det är en teori som visar på behovet av effektiva styrmodeller, som till exempel prestationsmått, för att kunna leda en organisation på ett effektivt och framgångsrikt sätt. För drygt 20 år sedan utvecklade det amerikanska konsultföretaget Stern Stewart & Co. EVA®-modellen (Economic Value Added).

This thesis is a case studie of a newly arrived student placed in a regular class in a P-9 school in a suburb south of Stockholm. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the class teacher for the regular class and the Swedish as a second language teacher are working with this student. The research questions are:What are the basic ideas behind the placement of newly arrived students in regular classes with no previous language skills?How is the language development for the newly arrived student according to the teacher of the selected class?What methods and materials are used by the teacher in her teaching to benefit the newly arrived student?s language development?The purpose of my study has been to investigate the teachers and the headmaster?s perspective on how the integration of newly arrived students into the regular class can be done and the decisions context for the placement of newly arrived students into the regular class. The study is based on interviews with two teachers and the school headmaster.

Bakgrund och frågeställning: De flesta medlemsländer i EU har undantagit de minsta aktiebolagen, de så kallade mikroföretagen, från lagstadgad revisionsplikt. Revisionens utformning har under senare år förändrats efter flertalet stora företagsskandaler vilket har lett till ökade revisionsarvoden för företagen. I mikroföretagen kan revisionens utformning ifrågasättas då ägare och företagsledning i de flesta fall är samma person, vilket gör att de ursprungliga argumenten för revisionsplikt faller då det inte finns någon informationsasymmetri mellan ägare och företagsledning. Samhället är genom myndighetsutövande en påtaglig intressent till mikroföretagen varför vi ställer oss följande forskningsfrågor: ? Vilken nytta har intressenten samhället av revisionen? ? Hur använder samhället informationen som revisionen ger? Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att beskriva och förklara vad revisionsplikten för mikroföretag ger för nytta till intressenten samhället, avseende att hålla skattefelet på en så låg nivå som möjligt.

AbstractThis bachelor thesis was performed at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm on behalf of the Land Survey Authority. The thesis is about fish conservation and division of fishing water at official duty. It is the Land Survey Authority that examines division of fisheries, but before a case can be implemented, certain requirements must be achieved such as FBL 3:8, which prevent divisions that are deleterious for fish conservation. The purpose of this thesis is: to obtain a clearer view how FBL 3:8 should be applied in practice, how the application differs between the offices in central Sweden, and how fish care is regulated at both international and national levels.At an international level, in EU the commercial fishery is regulated through the common fisheries policy (CFP). The fisheries policy consists of a reform that will last for 10 years.

Denna uppsats behandlar de intressekonflikter som uppstår vid MBO-transaktioner, dvs. företagsförvärv där företagsledningen köper ut hela eller delar av det företag i vilket de verkar. I samband med en sådan transaktion uppstår ofta en intressekonflikt mellan aktieägarna (säljarna) och företagsledningen (köparna). Denna intressekonflikt förklaras med principal-agentteorin, enligt vilken ledningen är en syssloman (agent) i förhållande till aktieägarna (principalen). Härvid föreligger en risk för att ledningen handlar på ett opportunistiskt sätt, och använder sig av sin överlägsna kunskap om målföretaget för att köpa upp det.I uppsatsens empiriska del har vi samlat primärdata om hur lagstiftaren och marknaden har tacklat de risker som denna intressekonflikt kan ge upphov till.