The purpose of this thesis is to examine the networks of interlocking directors in the 50 largestSwedish companies on the Stockholm Stock Exchange during the years 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005and 2010 and seek explanations for the observed developments.Our findings indicate that the density and concentration of the network has decreased during thefirst ten-year period and stayed constant during the second period. The development of theoverall network is not consistent throughout all corporate groups. Most notablyHandelsbankssfären seems to experience increased density and connectivity whileWallenbergsfären is experiencing the reverse.The changes during the first ten-year period is deemed to come mainly from changes inregulations pertaining to both the opening for international capital investments as well as looserrestrictions on domestic capital investments. These changes have caused decreased concentrationof ownership, as well as the emergence of new owners, which is reflected in the board ofdirectors.During the second ten-year period the changes are more pertaining to the individual boards andboard members, without flowing through into the overall network. Our findings indicate thatthese changes are caused by the increased professionalization of boards and board work, whichhas gained momentum through the creation of the Swedish Corporate Governance Code..

The recent development in several countries? legislation and best practice recommendations in relation to corporate governance in general and audit committees in particular have affected Swedish listed corporations in the form of the Swedish Corporate Governance Code and the coming EU-directive. This paper aims to discover what factors affected Swedish listed companies to form audit committees when this was entirely voluntary. We collected data from the annual reports of 121 Swedish listed companies and formed eleven hypotheses as to what factors we believed affected the voluntary formation of audit committees based on Agency Theory, economies of scale and circumstances specific to the Swedish environment. We then analyzed the data through the use of a multivariate logistic regression model.

Homework is and has always been a part of school work. It may take a lot of time from the pupils? leisure. Despite this, you cannot find anything written about homework in the curriculum. How can this be? Is homework necessary and what is its function?The purpose of this study is to find out how a few teachers in primary school reason about homework.  What are their attitudes towards homework and what functions do they see?To get an answer to this I studied literature and research reports, and did four qualitative interviews with teachers who teach grades 1-6.The results show that all the teachers give homework to their pupils, but their opinions about homework differ.

The results from 13 interviews and one opinion poll answered by resident physicians were interpreted as stories about identity as primary material for this thesis. The resident physicians stress the importance of considering whether their work primarily concerns curing people from diseases or if the process of working with sick people also includes how to handle the pressure of work, either by adapting to it or changing it, and the search for balance between work and private life. Residents separate themselves from older physicians by saying that younger physicians accentuate empathy to a greater extent while older physicians emphasise a high work load. Identity seems to effect how the residents perceive and relate to their work, themselves as residents and different types of patients..

The purpose of this thesis is to study the difference in value generation and its drivers between leveraged buyouts and listed companies. The primary objective is to observe if differences exist. A secondary objective is to understand the differences and attempt to provide an explanation based on earlier research on Private Equity. A selection of large Swedish LBO-transactions, carried out between 1998 and 2012, are analyzed and their value generation drivers subject to comparison with a weighted index of companies listed on the Nasdaq OMX Stockholm. A clear difference in value creation is observed, both in size and composition.

Each student in elementary school will under current policy documents have an individual development plan (IEP) from 1 January 2006. The plan should primarily aim for a higher goal achievement, but also to the student to gain a greater understanding of their own learning process and knowledge. My experience is that some students, despite efforts IUP have difficulty seeing their own learning process and it has been the starting point of my study. The aim of the study has been to investigate and analyze teachers work with individual development plans from the first grade to the sixth grade from a teacher's perspective. The goal was to identify strategies and techniques that could help develop IUP as a tool for the student's learning and understanding of their own learning process.

This thesis investigates the possibilities offered to a working landscape architect by anincreased and altered use of digital 3D environments. A basic assumption is that increased useof digital three-dimensional environments promotes the creative processes and presentationoptions of landscape architects.The thesis is based on literature studies and communication with working landscapearchitects, and includes an investigation of the visualization methods available in the Blender3D modelling software. The thesis provides a thorough survey of what it means to model inthree dimensions, as well as of what modelling methods are feasible for a landscape architectto use. As landscape architects, we work with human and unique processes, and thus it isdifficult to develop standardized and automatic software for our profession. One possiblesolution is to turn to open source development, where software and models are shared andanyone can contribute.

Detta examensarbete har utforts i omradet skyddsventilation vidavdelningen for installationsteknik, Kungliga Tekniska Hogskolan.Examensarbetet omfattar 30 kurspoang och ar den avslutande delen icivilingenjorsutbildningen.Fragestallningar diskuteras om den inverkan kladsystem har for luftensrenhet i operationsrum under pagaende operation. Avsikten med arbetet aratt undersoka i vilken man operationsrumsklader av renrumskvalitetpaverkar halten av luftburna bakteriebarande partiklar under pagaendeoperation i jamforelse med konventionella kladsystem.Jag vill borja med att tacka mina handledare professor Bengt Ljungqvistoch tekn dr Berit Reinmuller, for att jag har fatt formanen att ta del av deraskunskaper samt att jag blivit utmarkt handledd och motiverad underexamensarbetets gang. Jag vill ocksa tacka professor Jan Gusten, Chalmersoch tekn lic Johan Nordenadler, Projektengagemang AB samt SahlgrenskaUniversistetssjukhuset, Berendsen Textil Service AB, Ramboll Sverige ABoch Miclev AB, vilka alla har gjort mitt examensarbete mojligt.Avslutningsvis vill jag tacka familj och vanner for uppmuntran underarbetets gang.Stockholm, januari 2010Jonas Hallberg Borgqvist3.

To complete an overweight treatment program is associated with better weight loss. Previous studies have in principle focused on drop-out from the entire program, not individual parts of a program. Factors previously shown to influence the patients´ weight loss results are: frequency of individual meetings with a professional, the lack of social support from family or friends, the lack of motivation and in a few studies vacations. In several studies the drop-out patients have stated that their reasons for drop-out were dissatisfaction with the staff and the program design. Drop-out has also been shown to be connected with difficulties in adherence to the diet.

This essay examines fans contributions in a transmedia culture. I examine how fans relate and use the fictional worlds in the creations of their own films. The study focusing on the use of graphical elements and character design in some fan films. The examination is done by using two intertextual theories. One of the theory is Lubomir Dolezel theory on transfictional relationships and the other one is Gérad Genette theory on the realtion in transtextuality.

It is a difficult task to define the little word ?modernity?. One may argue quite a lot about what modernity is as well as when modernity breaks trough. The burgess class was the group who initiated modernity in most cases. Since these people mainly dwelled in the cities it was in the cities were modernity started.

Bakgrund: Fingersmärta är ett centralt besvär hos personer aktiva inom klättersport.Det råder idag brist på studier som beskriver förekomsten av fingersmärta hosklättrare.Syfte: Beskriva och jämföra skillnad mellan en grupp klättrare med fingersmärta ochen grupp klättrare utan fingersmärta avseende olika individ- och klätterspecifikafaktorer.Metod: Studien är en enkätstudie med en icke-experimentell design av tvärsnittstyp.Populationen bestod av 472 deltagare som via ett icke slumpmässigtbekvämlighetsurval fått svara på en elektronisk eller manuellt insamlad enkät.Resultat: Ingen signifikant skillnad fanns mellan de två testade grupperna avseendekön, ålder, BMI och antal aktiva år inom klättring. En signifikant skillnad fannsmellan grupperna avseende svårighetsgrad inom klättring.Konklusion: Den enda faktorn som är signifikant vid jämförelse mellan klättrare medoch utan fingersmärta är avseende svårighetsgrad inom klättring. Övriga faktorer varicke signifikanta vilket inte stämmer överens med tidigare gjorda studier inom ämnet.Vidare studier kring faktorer som skulle kunna påverka fingersmärta hos klättrareefterfrågas..

The objective with this essay is to establish the benefits of inserting media as an obligatory topic in the upper secondary school. In order to succeed with this I will not only type this essay I will also produce a medial production in the form of a film.  I have interviewed two senior masters on Södertörns College where I have reviewed different questions that relate to the matter's weight in school values and the society. In the study I will also reflect over existing research within the area and to link these to the issue and those interviewed opinions. In the film I also present statistics within the communication technology's increase and an explanation how one obligatory topic becomes an obligatory topic..

This thesis primarily includes a study on whether companies can develop a mathematical activity that supports students' motivation in mathematics. The work was done together with Midroc Electro, a company that pays attention to the difficulty of recruiting and therefore was interested in investigating how the business world would be able to contribute.The thesis can be divided into three stages. The first part comprised by a exploration into research on student motivation regarding mathematics as well as numerous interviews with engineers to see how the research findings did fit with Midroc Electros reality. In these studies it became clear that the student who aims for a profession whose education or work requires math belongs to the group of students who primarily manage their studies in mathematics, that is, those that have the greatest motivation to work hard and complete their studies.Research information and interviews were compared and resulted in the thesis second part, Midroc Challenge. An activity where students primarily came to learn about the engineering profession and secondly how mathematics can be used in the engineering profession.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the innovation process of companies, and to analyse how important success factors and obstacles are in their innovation process.Method: The investigation strategy used for this essay was to interview companies that work with innovations. The essay has a qualitative approach. Both primary ? in the form of interviews - and secondary data ? literature found in books, scientific articles and internet - have been used to achieve our results.Results: The result of this essay is: there is not just one inovation process that is applicable to all companies. On the other hand, there are some guidelines that could be followed in the process.