Syftet med denna litteraturstudie är att granska vetenskaplig litteratur med avsikt att undersöka vilka riskfaktorer som leder till utbrändhet bland sjuksköterskor samt hur dessa kan förebyggas..

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka olika metoder som kan förebygga osteoporos samt att granska sjuksköterskans undervisande roll i samband med prevention. Metoden är en litteraturstudie. Tio vetenskapliga artiklar granskades och analysen resulterade i följande teman: kostens betydelse, motionens inverkan för att förebygga osteoporos, preventionsprogram och sjuksköterskans undervisande roll. Resultatet visar att prevention av osteoporos lönar sig men att det är svårt att nå ut med information till den aktuella målgruppen. Det framkommer även att sjuksköterskan är i en god position för att informera patienten om preventionens innebörd och dess tillvägagångssätt..

This study examines the eWOM effect, more specifically: how customer reviews effects consumers. The study is based on a modified version of the Regulatory Focus Theory which describes consumer behavior using consumer consumption goals. The purpose of this study was to examine how positive and negative customer review's influence consumers when analyzing products that are equally characterized by two consumption goals: promotion and prevention goals. The authors combined quantitative (questionnaire) and qualitative (focus groups) research methods with the sample selection for both research methods being based on students of Södertörns University. Results indicate that negative customer reviews have a stronger influence on consumers than positive customer reviews when analyzing products that are equally characterized by the promotion goals and prevention goals.

Folkhälsovetenskapligt program.

This study sought to explore the juvenile crime prevention in Sweden which for the purpose of this report is seen as efforts towards preventing youth criminality and all forms of anti social behaviour by young people.In the study, interviews with six social workers working directly or indirectly with young offenders were conducted. The interview results were analyzed and subjected to transnational comparison with the practice in Kenya. The report explores existing literature on situational crime prevention, restorative justice, the link between drugs and crime, attachment to parents, peers and involvement in convectional activities, gender differences in criminality, partnerships in crime prevention and the juvenile justice system. It uses control, strain, feminist and social disorganization theories to explain the causes of delinquency, analyzes the perceptions of social workers and discusses what works in juvenile crime prevention. The report identifies the causes of delinquency in Kenya and in Sweden as well as the prevention programs that social workers perceive as effective in addressing youth crime.

Fetman i Sverige har under de senaste två decennierna ökat kraftigt. Till följd av detta är hälsokostnaderna relaterat till fetma ansenliga och förväntas öka ytterligare om ingenting görs åt problemet. I denna studie studeras prevention och gastric bypass som alternativa behandlingsmetoder mot fetma sett ur ett samhällsekonomiskt perspektiv. Tre hypotetiska kohorter utvecklas; status quo, effektiv prevention i ungdomsåren samt individer som utvecklar svår fetma opereras med gastric bypass. Dessa kohorter följs under åldern 20-64 år där kostnader och effekter observeras med hjälp av en beslutsträdsmodell.

Background: Traditional oral health education is seldom enough in order for dental care personnel to motivate their patients to good, long-lasting oral health care habits and there is a need for evaluation of other more efficient methods. One of these methods is motivational interviewing. An overview of its origin, definition, theoretical background and practical methods is given by way of introduction. Aim: The aim of the investigation was to review studies that had used motivational interviewing in order to obtain oral health, focusing on prevention and treatment of gingivitis, periodontitis and dental caries. Method: Systematic review. A search question was run through the databases ASSIA, ERIC, PsycINFO, Social Services Abstracts, Sociological Abstracts and PubMed. The articles were reviewed based on defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Five publications (based on three studies) met the inclusion criteria.

AbstractJerfström, M. (2013). Mission overweight and obesity ? how do child-care centers operate? C-thesis in Public Health. Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies.

 SAMMANFATTNINGBakgrund: Livmoderhalscancer orsakas av humant papillomvirus (HPV). De flesta fallen inträffar bland kvinnor som inte deltar i preventionsprogram mot livmoderhalscancer. Syfte: Att undersöka invandrarkvinnors inställning till prevention av livmoderhalscancer. Metod: En explorativ kvalitativ studie. The Health Belief Model har använts som teoretisk modell.

The purpose of this study is to explore how different discourses about risk linked to HIV prevention is likely to affect the decisions on the distribution of state funding for preventive activities aimed at 'men who have sex with men' (MSM). This by making qualitative interviews with principals that have an impact on this decision. Using a discourse analytic approach, based on both theoretical and methodological foundations, I investigate the discursive constructions of risk of HIV linked to certain groups and behaviors. MSM is found in the material placed into two different formations of groups, on one hand by the behavior on the other hand on the basis of identity. The identity position is organized discursively from a ?victim? position while MSM provides an "operator" position.

Background: Pressure ulcers are a common problem and cause great suffering for those who develop it, and are also an expensive cost to the society. Aim: To describe nursing measures for prevention of pressure ulcers among elderly people in ordinary and nursing homes. Method: A literature review by structured analyze of scientific articles. Result: The analyze resulted in six subjects for prevention of pressure ulcers. These subjects were; risk assesment, nutrition, repositioning, skin/hygiene, nurse knowledge and documentation.

The aim of this literature review is to map the factors which influence and prevent youths to start smoking and to describe how the nurse can prevent and motivate youths not to start smoking.

Municipal safety work is an issue frequently discussed. The new legislation about accident prevention obeys the Swedish municipality to present an action program for accident prevention. In Borlänge municipality there has been no sanctioned proposal for a program. This report presents the problems found and gives proposals for improvements in the future safety work. The guiding words should be unambiguousness, able to control and not too complicated.

This master essay is about teenagers, alcohol and the preventing measures taken by the Swedish government. Consequences of the rising consumption of alcohol among adolescents and how to prevent dangerous alcohol consumption in the future is one of the most prioritized issues in the Swedish society today. Today there is no prevention that clearly shows any effect on teenager?s alcohol consumption and the education about the dangerous effect of alcohol is clearly not the same in schools around Sweden. To gain knowledge about how teenagers view their own consumption of alcohol we have used the Grounded Theory.

Bakgrund: Ljumskskador, ljumsk- och höftsmärta hos fotbollsspelare har oftast samband med minskat rörelseomfång i höfter, svaghet i bål och höftmuskulatur. Risk för ljumsksmärta ökar hos idrottare som inte tränar skadepreventivt. Syfte: Att undersöka om ett preventionsprogram med sex övningar för styrka och rörlighet kan minska förekomsten av ljumsksmärta hos herrfotbollsspelare. Material och metod: En kvantitativ experimentell fallstudie med kontrollgrupp, som utfördes med 14 herrfotbollslag (7 lag interventionsgrupp, 7 lag kontrollgrupp). I studien deltog 514 manliga fotbollspelare i åldern mellan 15-47 år. Resultat: I interventionsgruppen som genomförde ett preventionsprogram var antalet spelare med ljumsksmärta oförändrat, medan antalet deltagare med ljumsksmärta i kontrollgruppen ökade. Konklusion: Ett preventionsprogram med övningar för styrka och rörlighet kan förebygga förekomst av ljumsksmärta hos herrfotbollsspelare. Nyckelord: Fotboll, prevention, ljumskskada, ljumsksmärta, höftsmärta.