The purpose of this thesis is to explore whether male kindergarten teachers perceive additional expectations from their surroundings (such as co-workers and parents). Furthermore, we aim to understand and explain how these expectations are related to gender norms and hierarchies in society, that is social constructions concerning what men and women should do and be like. In addition, the thesis aspire to understand and explain how these constructions relate to more specific social constructions about sexual molestations in kindergarten contexts and explore how these discourses influence male kindergarten teachers in their work including which strategies they use in order to cope with them.How do male kindergarten teachers perceive additional expectations from their surroundings?How do male kindergarten teachers perceive the effects and consequences of the social constructions about sexual molestations in kindergarten contexts? Do they use coping strategies in order to attend to the expectations projected on them, and if so, what kind of strategies? The thesis is based on a phenomenological approach and conducted through interviews with six male kindergarten teachers. The interviews were directed with an interview guide in hand while allowing for spontaneous input from the interviewee.

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease that vigorously increases worldwide. The disease can affect the entire everyday life which usually results in major lifestyle change. The treatment consists largely of self care which the patient itself has great responsibility for. The nurses have an important role in supporting, guiding and teaching the patients. Since every patient is unique the nurse would benefit from an increased knowledge about the patients experiences of what promotes and prevents self care in type 2 diabetes. Aim: The aim was, from a patient perspective, describe the experience of what promotes and prevents a self care in type 2 diabetes. Methods: A literature review based on nine scientific articles gathered from the databases CINAHL plus with full text, PubMed and Medline.

In a recently published official Report from the Swedish Government (SOU 2010:73) a leg- islative proposal has been introduced. Its main purpose is to prevent parallel registrations of ships that are bareboat chartered to other countries. The legislative proposal claims that by Preventing parallel registration of ships the Swedish Maritime Code will better corre- spond with the UN convention on the law of the sea.The UN convention on the law of the sea clearly states that ships are forbidden to fly two flags. There is however no restriction concerning parallel registration, simultaneously, in two registers. A ship that is bareboat chartered out from Sweden does not fulfil criteria re- quired in order to be deregistered, according to the Swedish maritime code.

Energy efficiency has become a very topical issue that has been discussed throughout the European Union for Preventing negative environmental impacts that have been associated with the consumption of energy. In the residential sector have mainly municipalities set strict requirements for the reduction of energy consumption while the renewable energy has been asked. Different concepts of low-energy buildings have been developed to reduce the cost of operation and maintenance in existing buildings such as in new ones.This thesis has aimed to minimize the energy cost of a large building which has had low energy consumption features originally. Energy reviews has been initiated in order to be able for showing how the house electricity could be carried out even more efficiently.The work was initiated through a literature study to clearly increase the reliability on the energy subject. Different concepts of low-energy buildings have been treated in connection with its specifications, afterward those have been compared with the obtained results.

The objective of the essay was to identify the nursing care required by a dog suffering from heat stroke and how to educate and advice the owners how to start treating their dog and prevent the condition from occurring in the first place. The essay is based on a literature study. Several databases were searched for scientific research to try find answers to the issues. Keywords concerning the subject were used and mixed in different combinations to sort out the suitable studies. The results of the study indicate that the dog should be cooled by the owner directly after detection. The most crucial issue is to reduce the body temperature as quickly as possible or the morbidity will worsen.

Overweight and obesity in children is an extensive and accelerating problem in the western world. The risk factors for overweight are well- known and well-documented. Focus should lie in the prophylactic work in order to prevent overweight and obesity in preschool children. The aim of our study has been to highlight the role of the district nurse in her/his work to prevent overweight and obesity in preschool children. The study was carried out through studies as a literature review.

The aim of this paper is to study how multiculturalism is expressed in the Swedish labour market policy. The method used for the investigation is a discourse analysis which study social and political processes in the society as created through language. The perspective of the discourse analysis is a social construction that considers that language is a social production created in a discursive way. It produces and reflects social process in the language.By using theories of national identity and multiculturalism we aim to investigate how multiculturalism is expressed in the labour market policy. With this method we aim to analyze the discourse of a political report made 2008 by the current government about integration strategies in Sweden.

Bakgrund: Sveriges äldre befolkning ökar samtidigt som medellivslängden bland äldre människor stiger. Forskning visar att malnutrition hos äldre har ökat och fler ligger i riskzonen för att drabbas av malnutrition. Som en konsekvens är det därför troligt att malnutrition som fenomen och problem kommer att öka hos äldre. Malnutrition diagnostiseras inte ofta och uppmärksammas inte tillräckligt inom vården, vilket kan ge negativa effekter hos de äldre.Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturstudie är att belysa orsaker till malnutrition och konsekvenser av malnutrition hos äldre från sextiofem år.Metod: Studien är en litteraturöversikt baserad på sexton vetenskapliga artiklar med kvantitativ design.Resultat: Samtliga artiklar berör vad som orsakar malnutrition samt vilka konsekvenser det kan få för äldre. Resultatet i denna studie redovisas i två delar; orsaker till malnutrition (genus, ålder, medicinering och demens) och konsekvenser av malnutrition (försämrad livskvalité, depression (psykisk ohälsa), högre mortalitetsrisk, högre infektionsrisk samt långa sjukhusvistelser).Slutsats: Studien visar att orsaker och konsekvenser av malnutrition hos äldre inte har uppmärksammats tillräckligt då prevalensen av malnutrition är hög och stiger.Klinisk betydelse: Trots att det forskas mycket om malnutrition hos äldre stiger antalet som drabbas av malnutrition.

AbstractTitle: Watching eyes ? for better or worse (Vakande ögon ? på gott eller ont?)Number of pages: 34 (41 including enclosures)Author: Josefine NybergTutor: Göran SvenssonCourse: Media and Communication Studies CPeriod: Autumn term 2007University: Division of Media and Communication, Department of Information Science, Uppsala University.Purpose/Aim: The aim of this essay is partly to make a study about how people understand camera supervise, and partly discuss what their opinions are concering the subject.Key Questions: Which or what is the mainpurpose of camerasurveillance? What does the public think about the subject? When can there be an insult against the integrity while using the cameras? What is private and what is public? What is the posibilities and threats in the future?Material/Method: A qualitative method has been used. Four interviewes, one personale interview with a policeofficer from Uppsala and three focusgroupinterviwes with people from Stockholm, have been done. Then the results from the interviewes have been compared with earlier theories and reaserches. By reading publicdocuments, press releases and reports from the government, I have gather information for the essay.Main results: Even if the public are aware of the cameras and knows that they allmoust allways are whatched by the electronic eye, they don´t seem to care that much about the constant surveillance.

The progress of the health among the elderly has a major meaning for the needs of care, nursing and social services. The health of the elderly has improved but fall and fall accidents are a major problem. Acute diseases, activities and environment risks are often related to fall accidents. The aim of the study was to describe health care staffs? opinions about fall risk and fall prevention.

The purpose of this study is to describe the traceability of products that protect against counterfeiting and examine how protection against counterfeit products have been developed to date, and to display the opportunity to streamline the protection of products and brands.Nowadays, in the global world, it is getting increasingly more difficult to track the products. Especially for the last link in the chain, which in most cases is the customer and who is constantly exposed to risks. This report deals with the possibilities of Preventing and detecting counterfeit products. Fake products are not unusual in an historical perspective. It has been common with counterfeits ever since the Middle Ages continuously until today. Forgers have become more skillful and they are successful in most industries. Many of the fake products are of poor quality and can be downright dangerous to the customer.To answer the question, the author used a qualitative collection method.

The report contains three parts. The first part is a summary and overall presentation of thermalcracks and Preventing measures against such cracks. This is a theoretical part where theinterested designer can get acquainted with various alternatives, be guided to more detailedliterature, and receive some practical information regarding the design of the respectivemeasures.The second part deals with calculation of the risk for thermal cracks and design of water coolingas a limiting measure. Two complementary methods are reviewed for efficient calculation:?the handbook method CraX1(by Lulea University of Technology) is used for quickverification?finite differential analysis in the calculationtool ConTeSt Pro for more precise projectingHere is also presented a development of existing standards through design of the cooling systemby means of the Bernoulli equation.

The main subject for this essay is victimization at work. The first question concerns victimization and the responsibility of the employer when bullying and harassments occur. The second question regards agreements between the employer and the employee, where the latter is paid to quit the employment because he or she is subjected to victimization, but also if any specific group of employees is especially affected. The purpose of the essay is to create understanding and clarification within current law, but also awareness of the possibilities where employers can create agreements with employees in order to make them finish their employments. In order to manage finding information some labour market parties were asked questions about their experiences of victimization at work and agreements among their members or employees.

In each classroom there is a teacher with good intentions wanting what´s best for their pupils. But grades and tests in mathematics from 2009 in Sweden shows there is a crack between the subject being taught and the learning child. The purpose with this research is to find an understanding from a teaching and learning perspective of which teaching method is more suitable for teaching and learning mathematics by doing a comparison between two methods. The main question is:What are the advantages and disadvantages of the traditional and the laboratory method of teaching, supported by the two keywords teaching method and learning?This C-paper is based on a qualitative research aiming to gather an in-depth understanding of human behavior.

Background: Many elderly are feeling lonely and insecure in their homes; it?s difficult for them to cope with their life situation after discharge from hospital. There is therefore a need to get a deeper understanding of their situation and the need for action, thus possibly Preventing a new hospital admission. Recent research shows that a better coordination is necessary when elderly are discharged from hospital and that the quality of the discharge is essential for how they cope at home afterwards.Purpose: To get a deeper knowledge of older people´s experiences associated with frequent readmissions to hospital.Method: A qualitative research approach was used trough interviews with open questions. Ten persons with an age of 75 years and older who had a readmission to hospital within one month was interviewed.