Swedish students' knowledge of both mathematics and reading comprehension has deteriorated in recent years. Scientists are discussing whether there is a connection between these areas and that the pupils deteriorating math skills may have something to do with their increasingly lower results in terms of reading comprehension. To investigate this possible connection, I conducted a survey among students in ninth grade and have come to the conclusion that the scientists are right: this connection absolutely exist. Students who received a high score on tasks designed to test students' mathematical problem-solving skills, also received high results on the reading comprehension test. And students who received a poor performance on the problem-solving tasks, were also low performers in the reading comprehension test.

This is a thesis in Personal- och Arbetslivsprogrammet at Dalarna University with thepurpose of evaluating an education initiative in Borlänge kommun. The educationCoaching Leadership is an initiative for the managers in the organization to exercisegood leadership and the education also serves as an incentive for managers. Eightbusiness managers and one from the HR staff have completed the training. Out of thetotal 9 participants in the training, six of them took part in this evaluation. Based on thethesis aim and questions we wanted to explore participants' attitudes to the education,and what skills and abilities they have acquired on the basis of educational goals andcontent.

The study reported has been conducted in care service guided by the Swedish law LSS( LSS- act concerning support and service for the disabled). The aim of this study is to examine the experiences of the personnel who have attended the Taktipro introductory course with special focus on how they describe the possible effects this may have had on their daily attendance to their special needs users.The method used is a qualitative method of enquiry, based on interview questions sent by mail to all the participants of the Taktipro introductory course. The result shows that the personnel have a positive view on skills in progress and that this program has facilitated the contact between personnel and their special needs users. An awareness about the importance of physical contact has also been revealed as well as an awareness of their own impact on situations at work. The result also indicates that the personnel feel that they have been able to improve the well being for the special needs users. .

Utan ett hjärta kan inte livet fortskrida. Ibland händer det att enda utvägen för att överleva är att genomgå en hjärttransplantation. Kan en hjärttransplantation genomföras utan psykisk påverkan och hur finner mottagarna tillbaka till det liv de hade innan hjärtsjukdomen. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att belysa hjärttransplanterade individers psykologiska upplevelser efter en hjärttransplantation. Frågeställningarna var: Hur beskriver mottagaren som genomgått en hjärttransplantation upplevelsen av att ha en annan människas hjärta? Hur beskriver mottagaren sin strategi för att hitta tillbaka till det liv han/hon hade innan hjärttransplantationen? Hur beskriver mottagaren upplevelsen över att de fick leva på grund av någon annans död.

The purpose of our study is to examine whether stress among social workers is present, and ifso, what strategies they and their supervisors use to manage work-related stress. The study isbased on a qualitative method. The data consist of interviews, with six social workers andthree supervisors. The study?s theoretical framework is based on KASAM, SOC-sense ofcoherence by Antonovsky, demand- control- support model by Karasek & Theorell, stresstheory by Hans Selye and coping strategies by Lazarus.

Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva det stöd som bröstcancerdrabbade kvinnor ansåg vara av stor betydelse under sjukdomstiden samt att belysa kvinnornas känslor i samband med sjukdomen utifrån begreppen coping och fatigue. Studien utfördes med hjälp av 25 vetenskapliga artiklar från åren 1993-2004. Artikelsökningen har skett via databaserna Elin, PubMed, Blackwell-Synergy och Elsevier (Science Direct). Sökorden som användes enskilt eller i kombination var breast cancer, fatigue, care, coping strategies, experience, information, nursing och support. Urvalet av artiklar gjordes utifrån syfte och frågeställningar.

Personalnedskärningar är ett resultat av det pågående oroliga arbetsmarknadsläget. Flera aktörer jobbar idag med servicetjänsten omställning vilket är en hjälp för arbetsgivare att hantera nedskärningar och övertalighet genom att få uppsagda medarbetare att komma vidare i ny sysselsättning. Trots en lågkonjunktur har omställningsarbetet visat på uppnådda lyckade resultat. Studien undersöker och sammanställer individers upplevelse av att genomgå ett omställningsprogram samt undersöker vilka faktorer som har betydelse för individers hantering av stressen i denna påfrestande arbetslivsrelaterad förändring. Tillämpningen av problemfokuserad coping undersöktes bland 71 deltagare som genomgått omställning i antingen kommunal eller privat sektor. Resultatet visade att deltagarna tillämpade problemfokuserad coping i relativt lika stor utsträckning oavsett yrkessektor.

Syftet med studien var att få en djupare förståelse för vad som ger upphov till anxiety hos erfarna klättrare och hur de hanterar (coping) somatisk såväl som kognitiv anxiety vid traditionell klättring. Skiljer sig copingstrategierna mellan män och kvinnor samt är det sökandet efter arousal som motiverar till traditionell klippklättring. En kvalitativ undersökning genomfördes med en semistrukturerad intervjuguide som underlag. Nio stycken erfarna klättrare (män = 6, kvinnor = 3) mellan 23 och 46 år (M = 33.4 år) inom traditionell klättring intervjuades. Resultatet visade att alla klättrarna använde sig av positiv self-talk, medan visualisering endast användes av ett fåtal som ett sätt att återfå fokus och att samla sig.

In this paper, the aim was to investigate how the Swedish subject is projected in textbooks for grade 6 and grade 9. The study was conducted based on the grounds that teachers need to be aware of the increasing expectations placed on students? literacyknowledge. To determine how well a textbook helps students to develop these skills, four textbooks? assignments have been analyzed using textual analysis based on learning theories, literacypractices and Swedish substance conceptions.

Syftet med denna uppsats var att undersöka hur cancerpatienter ser på stöd i samband med sjukdom samt vilka faktorer är det som gör att vissa människor klarar av att hantera sjukdomar medan vissa har större benägenhet att fastna i kriser och hamna i depression. För syftet valdes den kvalitativa forskningsansatsen och vidare valdes Ad-hoc metoden som intervjuanalys då målet och mitt fokus som forskare låg i att skapa mening och sammanhang i materialet. Två kvinnor har intervjuats vid ett tillfälle och till grund för det transkriberade intervjumaterialet ligger tidigare forskning om stöd vid sjukdom, upplevelser av sjukdom, KASAM, coping, kristeori och depression i samband med cancer. Resultat och analys består av utdrag från respondenternas beskrivelser och berättelser samt citat kopplat och knutet till tidigare forskning och teoretiska perspektiv. I resultatet framgår hur kvinnorna upplevde stödet under sjukdom såväl som efter, KASAM och coping samt fokus på personliga faktorer för livskvalité. .

Syftet med uppsatsen i sin helhet a?r att diskutera och analysera ma?ns och kvinnors syn pa? religion och om de sja?lva ser sig som religio?sa. Arbetet syftar ocksa? att med hja?lp av genusteori fo?rso?ka fo?rsta? och diskutera ma?n och kvinnors bena?genhet till religiositet. Vidare diskuteras ocksa? individens bena?genhet att anva?nda religio?s coping i kris.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the reading methods that pedagogues, active in classes 1-3, use in the first stage of learning to read and how they consider their own choices of methods. In the theoretical background I sort out the basic differences between synthetic and analytic methods of acquiring the skills of reading. The analytic reading method means that the skills of reading starts with the complete text in order to later analyze the parts of the text. The synthetic method approach is based on a reading method where the parts are linked as a whole. The two methods are considered antipodes but can also be looked upon as complements in the current governing documents.

Conjunctival swabs from 12 cats in a Swedish animal shelter were analyzed by real-time PCR for FHV-1, Mycoplasma felis and chlamydiae. The purpose of this study was to see whether and to what extent these agents can be detected and if they were detected from cats housed in quarantine or in the adoption department. Samples were first taken upon arrival at the quarantine and then a second sample was taken two weeks after moving to the adoption department, or upon presentation of signs of disease. The cats spent the quarantine period in two separate quarantines: five in a new quarantine (quarantine A) and seven in a room in the old shelter (quarantine B). The difference between these quarantines was that in B the cats were often mixed together ant the hygiene routines were not as good as in quarantine A.

Background: The nursing profession involves meetings and situations which can be stressful. The work environment can cause additional stress in the form of time pressure, lack of support from colleagues, management or disgruntled family members and patients. This places the nurse in a position that requires a sharpened ability to handle stress. It can become overwhelming and unmanageable and cause a serious threat to the nurse's health and wellbeing. To handle stress the nurses uses different coping strategies.Aim: The aim of the review was to gain a better understanding of how nurses deal with occupational stress.Method: A systematic literature overview study based on eleven articles, including both qualitative and quantitative studies.Results: Nurses deal with stress in different ways based on their own resources.

The aim of this study was to increase the knowledge about and deepen our understanding for people who are treated with dialysis in aspects of quality of life and coping strategies. The research questions were: How does the scientific literature describe quality of life and coping strategies from people?s perspective who are treated with dialysis? How does dialysis affect patients and their lives? How/what can the nurses do for people who are treated with dialysis to keep or improve their quality of life. The result is based on eight scientific articles and after interpretation of the result we found six themes that describes how patients have to restructure their lives to a new normal life, how they adapt to a life with dialysis treatment, how dialysis affect their physical condition, witch meaning does the family and others have, how they keep their self-esteem in relation to the dependence of dialysis treatment and which factors are associated with a long life with dialysis..