The aim of this thesis is to analyze and examine India's economic reforms which the country introduced on the government's own initiative in the early 1990s after decades of practicing isolationism. The analysis entails a thorough systematic examination of possible factors that determined the decision to implement the reforms. These factors are derived from two models developed by scholars within the field of foreign policy.The research is performed through an examination where the possible factors for the reforms have been examined on a three-level basis; system-, state- and individual level. It is a qualitative case study that seeks to explain not only why the Indian government implemented the reforms but also to evaluate the validity of the models to the extent that they stand in accordance with the case of India.The conclusion presented in this thesis is that one model works better for explaining the case of India. The model lie emphasis on structural changes, a crisis and political entrepreneurs committed to a certain type of reforms as a prerequisite for policy change to take place.

Möbelhistorien är full av parenteser, det vill säga möbler som figurerat i korta perioder, aldrig slagit igenom, glömts bort eller rent av försvunnit. Vi var övertygade om att det bland alla dessa mer eller mindre bortglömda möbler fanns exemplar som var värda att lyfta fram och undersöka. Genom att undersöka dessa möbler har vi förstått deras historia och sammanhang, tagit reda på och reflekterat kring varför de blivit just en parentes i möbelhistorien samt förstått för vilket syfte de var skapade och hur de har använts. Ambitionen med undersökningen har varit att genom att skapa en känsla och förståelse för möblerna hitta de exemplar som lämpar sig väl att stå som förebilder för nya koncept och produkter. Genom att beskriva möblernas ursprungliga syfte, användning, funktioner och kontext såg vi möjligheter för produktuppdateringar och funktionsförskjutningar.

The purpose of this thesis is to shed light on a present trend of professionalization in Swedish local environmental politics, which have recently seen a decline in active participation of the citizens in favor of an increased governmental regulation. With the aim to closer investigate this relatively new phenomenon, the paper is a qualitative single case-study of environmental policies in the Swedish municipality of Karlskrona. In this case, the municipality is obviously balancing between regarding the interests of the national level and the interests of its own citizens at the same time. This motivates the use of system-theory, and relates to the classical political paradox between participation and efficiency which is also a present theme in the paper.This text-analysis based on interviews with personnel and documents from the municipality shows a visible trend of professionalization in the local politics of the municipality of Karlskrona, from a large grade of participation and a strong bottom-up approach in the days of Agenda 21 to now being more strongly top-down defined by national environmental objectives and principally operated on a professional level..

With the expansion onto the international market almost a decade ago, Swedish energy corporation Vattenfall began it's breaking and burning of coal on German soil. Criticism aimed at Vattenfall peaked in the mid 2000s with the revelation of large quantities of carbon dioxide emissions and the re-location of villages and graveyards in German states Brandenburg and Saxony. The purpose of this thesis is to show where the responsibility for these activities lie. By analyzing the history of, and the political debate surrounding, Vattenfall, I will show that the prevailing policies of right- as well as left-wing parties in the 20th century were all, regarding this matter, market oriented. I will also show that these market promoting policies made possible a situation where the transparancy of, and state control over, Vattenfall were close to eliminated.

The Swedish Moderate party has openly referred to themselves as a liberal-conservative party. This definition, however, leads to a possible ambiguity where the extent to which the party is conservative, and liberal is up for debate. Furthermore, this might allow for extensive changes within the party, while still using the same ideological mantra. This study employs a longitudinal ideological analysis of five official party documents published between 1984 and 2022 to analyse how the party has drifted between the two ideologies over the years. The analysis is done using three political areas: immigration, economy, and safety.

The aim of this thesis is to study the cause of Egypt´s failed development of the transition to democracy and vice versa, the reason why Turkey succeeded in democratic transition. Thesis methodology is a comparative analysis between design units Egypt and Turkey. Thus, the most similar design used in the investigation.European Commission began in 1998 to review Turkey´s political and economic reforms to fulfil the Copenhagen criteria. 2005 began negotiations on a Turkish- EU membership. U.S and Egypt have enjoyed close economic, security and democratic cooperation since 1975.

I denna empiriska undersökning analyserar vi argumenten som framkom i diskussionen före och under Natos intervention i Förbundsrepubliken Jugoslavien 1999. Som en bakgrund till vår analys beskriver vi det folkrättsliga regelverket samt två teoriskolor och deras syn på staten, internationella relationer och humanitär intervention. Vi genomför därefter en argumentationsanalys enligt Naess pro et contra-modell, där vi kategoriserar argumenten och bedömer deras beviskraft. Vid bedömningen av argumenten drar vi paralleller till folkrätten och till de olika teoriskolorna..

This thesis compares different justifications of human rights with the philosophy of Axel Hägerström. Hägerström´s philosophy uses a strict logic and discards the notion of the existence of absolute values and moral right and wrong. The justifications that are examined are those of Robert Nozick, Alan Gewirth and the postmodern view. Nozick emanates from arguments of natural law, which is rejected by Hägerström as metaphysics. Gewirths logical justification emanates in part from moral arguments and hence differentiates from Hägerström, but it can be used for constructing a practical application of Hägerström's philosophy and thereby motivate a legislation relating to human rights.

Undersökningar visar att många människor har negativ inställning till muslimer. Har det skett någon förändring sedan 2006 då Integrationsverket gjorde sina undersökningar? Är det så att man inte tänker på människornas religiösa bakgrund längre eftersom dagens skola oftast är mångkulturell och mångreligiös och vi är vana vid mångkulturella klasser? Eller tänker vi fortfarande på skillnader istället för likheter?  Antalet muslimer har ökat markant i Sverige sedan 1930-talet, då 15 människor uppgav att de var muslimer.Syftet med denna undersökning är att ta reda på vad elever omvårdnadsprogrammen på komvux och på gymnasiet tycker om muslimer. Vidare vill jag ta reda på om dessa attityder skiljer sig mellan skolor och mellan åldrar. Det är också intressant att se vad lärarna gör för att motverka de eventuellt negativa attityderna.För att ta reda på det har jag gjort en enkätundersökning i sex olika klasser på omvårdnadsprogrammet, tre på komvux och tre på gymnasiet, och genomfört fyra lärarintervjuer i dessa skolor.Slutsatsen som jag kommit fram till genom min undersökning är att eleverna är positivt inställda till muslimer.

The aim of this study was to examine how the political party Sweden Democrats is represented in two Swedish newspapers. The study included a national newspaper and a local newspaper, Aftonbladet and Blekinge Läns Tidning. We studied 35 articles from both papers, from 2005 and from 2009. We analyzed the texts using the linguist Norman Faircloughs (1995) method for discourse analysis. Based on his theories, we created our own model to examine the texts. Our model primarily focused on representation. The study was conducted at a time when Sweden Democrats was given much support in opinion polls and knocked on the door to the Swedish Parliament. The study showed that Sweden Democrats in both newspapers, primarily by descriptions, the choice of interviewees, etc., often are represented as racists.

The aim of this report was to investigate which factors determine municipal taxes in Sweden.The aim was also to find out whether and how the forms of political rule are significant covariates. A multiple regression analysis was performed using data from 289 municipalities. The analysis resulted in five dierent models, of which a model based on municipal grouping was found to be most satisfactory. In all of the models, there are effects from the form of political rule. The results indicate that socialist municipalities have higher tax rates than non-socialist.

Today Europe is faced with an identity crisis concerning its borders. Turkey stands at the threshold for an EU-membership while the EU-Commission is trying to formulate what constitutes a European identity. This identity seeking process will determine the future not only for Turkey, but also for immigrants now living in Europe.In this thesis a discourse analysis, underpinned by socialconstructionist theory, is conducted to explore how the European identity has been constructed throughout history up until today. A starting point is that identity always is defined through a dialectical relationship to "otherness". Therefore the analysis is focused not only on what a European identity consists of but also what and who it excludes.

In 1998 a new regional development policy was introduced by the Swedish government. A central feature in the policy was the formation of partnerships at the regional level. The partnerships were meant to consist of local and regional stakeholders, representing a great variety of interests, who would collaborate in order to improve regional development. The new policy was promoted, besides being more efficient, as a way to broaden political participation and to break male-dominated structures.This thesis discusses whether the regional partnership actually favours ?women's interests?, in terms of how the relationship of power between women and men is constituted by the model.

This comparative linguistic textstudy focuses on the relationship between a newspapers own outspoken political standpoint and it´s ambition of being an unbiased provider of objective information. This connection becomes particulary interestering in times of election when a newspapers role as provider of information is of great importance for the citizens. When a newspaper reports an event to the public, the reporter always has to choose from a small selection of possible linguistic forms when representing the story. Through linguistic analysis of these forms we can see that the final choice is often not a complete arbitrary one. We compared two daily newspapers, Dagens Nyheter and Dala-Demokraten, that stod on opposite sides in the Swedish EMU-elections 2003.

Denna text handlar om qawwalimusiken. Qawwali är en musikform medrötterna i Indien och Pakistan. Den är också en del av en specifik religiös tradition nämligen sufismen. Qawwali är en musikalisk genre som är nära förknippad med en sufisk ritual, under vilken den spelar en betydande roll. I texten undersöks det huruvida qawwali har förändrats, exempelvis till form,innehåll och mål, när den blivit en del av den västerländska musikscenen och kategoriseras under World Music.Nyckelfrågan är om de religiösa idéerna och den sakrala, religiösa meningen urvattnas eller försvinner i och med att qawwali har blivit del av den moderna och globala musik-industrin och har därmed lyfts upp ur dess ursprungliga socioekonomiska och religiösa miljö.