This report is a thesis work for a B.Sc. in Forestry exam at the School for Forest Engineers, SLU. The work was an assignment from Södra Skogsägarna and the aim of the work was to investigate the economical and biological output after mechanical Planting with Eco-Planter compared with traditional manual Planting. Eco-Planter is a tool for mechanized Planting, fixed at the end of the boom on a conventional harvester. The study confirms that manual Planting is less expensive under normal conditions. However, the differences between mechanized and manual Planting are not that big and with technical development and/or increased labor costs together with an improved work organization the system with Eco-Planter could be competitive. The biological output, e.g. Planting result and survival rate, seems to be quite good.

Denna processbeskrivning undersöker hur en plantering i parkmiljö i Gävle skulle kunna planeras baserat på systemet matrix Planting. Begreppet matrix Planting beskrivs, samt grunderna för hur ett växtsamhälle byggs upp med passande växter. Fortsättningsvis redovisas inventeringen av den aktuella platsen, med beskrivning av de ekologiska förutsättningarna och förvaltarens önskemål. Ett förslag presenteras, där tankarna bakom formgivningen förklaras. En förteckning på lämpliga växter och deras egenskaper ingår.

Digital depth-to-water maps can be produced from a digital elevation model (DEM). Then GIS- based algorithms are used to calculate water flows and the depth-to-water index classes dry, fresh, moist and wet. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility to use depth- to-water maps for site adapted Planting.The results showed that use of depth-to-water maps for site adapted Planting, roughly halved the proportion of improperly planted surfaces from an average of 9 % to 4 %. The variation in the values of proper surface decreased and the result became more even.. In addition, more pine than spruce was incorrectly planted.

Regeneration with scarification and Planting is a well known method, but the plants have a tuff period in the beginning. Decease of plants comes from pine weevils, dry weather, browsers, wrong method of scarification and wrong time for the Planting. These are some courses why not every Planting gets successful. The purpose with this study is to investigate witch time of Planting gives the best result, spring or autumn Planting and to give a answer of witch factors are the main course of deceases. The goal is to have the study to decide witch time to plant after final felling. The choices of Plantings were maid from a period of three years. Spring Plantings were from year 2005, 2006 and 2007 and autumn Plantings were from 2004, 2005, and 2006.The purpose was to compare differences in deceases at the same spring weather.

In order to evaluate different afforestation methods for exposed heath lands a field experiment was established in Mosfell on southern Iceland in 1989. The trial comprised six different site preparation methods (control, herbicide application, tree shelters, patch scarification, TTS trenching and mounding). In total 960 container seedlings (1+0) and 960 Nisula roll transplants (2+1) of lodgepole pine were planted. Various Planting positions (furrow, hinge, no site preparation (control) and on top of mounds) were tested within the site preparation treatments. This study involves renewed measurements and analyses of the trial.After 19 years the overall survival was 51,7 %.

The number of silvicultural contractors has significantly increased in the last decades, and among its main clients are the forest companies. The purpose with this study was to describe the contractors that worked with Planting in Norrbotten and Västerbotten in 2009 for Holmen Skog, Norra Skogsägarna, SCA Skog and Sveaskog and also examine if there was any correlation between the contractors? competence and the quality in the Planting they achieved. A survey was made among 47 contractors with a questionnaire who performed Planting for the forestry companies in 2009. 27 contractors answered the questionnaire and 4 representatives of these contracting companies took part in an extensive interview.

Denna processbeskrivning undersöker hur en plantering i parkmiljö i Gävle skulle kunna planeras baserat på systemet matrix Planting. Begreppet matrix Planting beskrivs, samt grunderna för hur ett växtsamhälle byggs upp med passande växter. Fortsättningsvis redovisas inventeringen av den aktuella platsen, med beskrivning av de ekologiska förutsättningarna och förvaltarens önskemål. Ett förslag presenteras, där tankarna bakom formgivningen förklaras. En förteckning på lämpliga växter och deras egenskaper ingår.

Denna processbeskrivning undersöker hur en plantering i parkmiljö i Gävle skulle kunna planeras baserat på systemet matrix Planting. Begreppet matrix Planting beskrivs, samt grunderna för hur ett växtsamhälle byggs upp med passande växter. Fortsättningsvis redovisas inventeringen av den aktuella platsen, med beskrivning av de ekologiska förutsättningarna och förvaltarens önskemål. Ett förslag presenteras, där tankarna bakom formgivningen förklaras. En förteckning på lämpliga växter och deras egenskaper ingår.

Individual trees can act as carriers of meaning. When a person attributes deep meanings to a specific tree, a relationship between the person and the tree is created. To avoid conflicts between users and planners, increased awareness is required of how important individual trees may be to a person. The objective of this study was to elucidate persons? relationships with individual urban trees.

Insecticides will be removed from Swedish forestry, at present insecticides are used to treat our seedlings to avoid them from being attacked by pine weevils. With the forthcoming ban on insecticides alternative protective measures will have to be tested. Holmen Forest Ltd has aimed to find an alternative and have developed a mechanic pine weevils protection accessory as well as a new concept on Planting pipes. Studies have been conducted on the behalf of Holmen Forest Ltd to see how Planting with the newly developed mechanical protectors and plant pipe stands up against the conventional methods used today. The study was conducted over a three week period. Three factors were compared regarding Planting quality including i) pressure around the plant, ii) the depth the plant ended up in, iii) plant angle. Mechanical plant pipes were used in the study, and where tested like a one-handed and a two-handed pipe. The study concludes that further development is needed for the mechanic plant protector to live up to the speed and quality of conventional methods.

Large areas of forests in the tropical region have during the last decades been lost and converted to new land uses while other areas have been degraded into secondary forests. These secondary forests need to be restored and rehabilitation through enrichment Planting and liberation may help to speed up the recovery process. The objective of this thesis was to evaluate a rehabilitation method that includes enrichment Planting, slashing of weeds and girdling of unwanted trees. The site for the project is situated in Sabah, Borneo in a secondary forest which had been logged and burnt by a wildfire. The project?s goal is to rehabilitate and increase biodiversity through enrichment Planting of seedlings mainly belonging to the family Dipterocarpeaceae (dipterocarps).

The choice between bare-rooted and containerized seedlings in southern Sweden affects the investment costs as well as growth and survival. It is important to take these differences into account when choosing seedling type for reforestation. The most important differences between the two seedling-types is that bare-rooted seedlings has open root systems whereas the roots of containerized seedlings are grown in a container which may contain water and nutrients that are available for the seedling during the first period after Planting. Moreover, bare-rooted seedlings are often older which results in thicker stembase and better resistance to attacks of pine-weevil (Hylobius abietis). In order to study differences in survival and growth between bare-rooted and containerized seedlings a survey study of newly planted clearcuts in south-western Sweden was made. In the study tree seedling types was included, one bare-rooted and two containerized with different ages. The population of pine weevils was probably low during the studied period which resulted in lower pine-weevil damage than normally found in this area.

Prescribed burning was commonly used for site preparation in Sweden to establish new forests until the 1960?s, when mechanical scarification was introduced. During recent decades the interest in prescribed burnings has increased again, mainly due to certifications of forestry stating that 5% of the regeneration areas should be burned on dry and mesic soils. The objective of the study was to evaluate actual influence of prescribed burning compared to other site preparation on stand stem density, growth parameters and tree damages for Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) after direct seeding and Planting. The study also attempts to simulate growth until first thinning.

This study was performed in an afforestation experiment established 1982 on an abandoned peat harvesting area, Flakmossen, in the province of Värmland, SW Sweden. The experimen-tal design include Planting with Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), in combination with various drainage intensities (20, 30, and 40 m between ditches), and fertilizer doses 0, 100, and 200 g PK per seedling applied at the date of Planting. The aim of this study was to achieve more knowledge about the conditions on afforestation of peat harvesting areas, especially regarding drainage intensity and fertilization requirements, by means of determining the stand growth and yield in the Flakmossen trial. The forest growth did not differ significantly between the drainage intensities tested when the same amount of phosphor and potassium fertilizer was added. Thus, shorter distances between ditches than 40 m can not be recommended. When no fertilization was carried out seedling survival was very low, and the growth of sur-vived seedlings was poor. The largest diameter and height growth were observed in the areas where the highest dose of phosphorus and potassium (200g/seedling) was given.

Tussilago farfara, coltsfoot, is a troublesome perennial weed with deep lying rhizome, which can vegetatively generate new plants. The mechanical control of coltsfoot that is used today, "starvation", which consists of several cultivations of the soil, which fragmentises the rhizome. This results in production of new shoots, which leads to depletion of nutrient resources; as long the new plant is not allowed to establish. However, very little research has been done to investigate how the starving technique affects the regenerative ability of coltsfoot. The purpose of this experiment with coltsfoot was to investigate how fragmentation and burial depths affect the time of emergence, number of emerged shoots per rhizome fragment, number of shoots per node, and if the germination ability within nodes changes during the experiment.