Inledning: Det har länge varit viktigt att kartlägga de hygieniska riskerna i ett restaurangkök, men få vet hur det ser ut på hotellrum. Kartläggningar har gjorts på vad gäster först lägger märke till och städningen är en av dem. Frågan är om man kan göra en HACCP-plan, Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point för hotellrum.Syftet med studien var att undersöka och i förekommande fall avslöja den dolda smutsen som finns i nystädade hotellrum samt att undersöka om man kan göra en HACCP-plan för hotellrum.Metod och material: Bakterieprov togs för att kunna analysera vad som finns kvar när rummet anses som rent. Tio mätpunkter har valts ut i rummet, provtagningen har skett på fem hotell, tre rum på varje hotell. För att kunna se den dolda smutsen i badrummen har en UV-lampa använts.Resultat: Proverna visar att sängkläderna är relativt rena i jämförelse med fjärrkontroll, telefon och områdena i badrummen.

Syfte ? Att skapa en ny produkt inom kategorin mingelbord, som erbjuder fler användningsområden för att bli mer anpassad för privatpersoner och i hemmamiljö. Att genom en innovativ konstruktion och en kombination av moduliserade- och hantverksdelar skapa en unik produkt på marknaden.Metod ? Grundmetoden för det här arbetet är den första fasen i en produkts liv: produktutvecklingsprocessen; identifiera behovet, planera designprocessen, ta fram kundkraven, utveckla konceptet och till sist utveckla produkten.Resultat ? Designkoncept på ett mingelbord har tagits fram och redovisas i bilder. Dessa bilder är resultatet av en uppmodellering i datorn med hjälp av 3D-progam.

Our starting point has been to examine how a project manager without knowledge of the industry is able to plan a project. And also which difficulties that may arise. A qualitative study was conducted at project managers who worked in the construction industry and events industry. Seven interviews were conducted, four in the construction sector and three in the events industry. Respondents are active as project manager in Värmland and Närkes counties.

Bestämmelser om användningen av mark och vatten samt bebyggelsemiljöns utveckling stadgas i plan- och bygglagen (PBL). PBL är dessvärre ett komplext och svårtillämpat regelverk. Sedan PBL:s ikraftträdandet har behovet av en mer lättförstådd plan- och bygglagstiftning successivt ökat vilket föranledde utvecklandet av en ny plan- och bygglag (nya PBL) som träder i kraft den 2 maj 2011.Syftet med magisteruppsatsen har varit att studera bestämmelserna om bygglov och bygglovsprövningen inom detaljplan med särskilt fokus på mindre avvikelser från detaljplan i PBL. Syftet har vidare varit att göra en jämförelse med motsvarande bestämmelser i nya PBL och därefter sökt fastställa bestämmelsernas framtida rättstillämpning med utgångspunkt i nya PBL.Bestämmelserna om bygglov och bygglovsprövningen inom detaljplan har till stor del tolkats i rättspraxis vilket i de flesta fall givit en klar bild av rättsläget. Bestämmelsen om mindre avvikelser från detaljplan har dock varit svårtillämpad och givit upphov till subjektiva tolkningar av kommunerna.

Milosevic, S. 2014. Buller ? Hur planers en bullerfri stad?. Kulturgeografiska institutionen, Uppsatser, Uppsala universitet. This essay is about noise pollution caused by urbanization.

This rapport is about how often private forest owners follow the measures proposed in their forest management plan. The survey is made in cooperation with the forest-owners association Norrskog. The private forest owners are relatively satisfied with the forest management plans and with the measures proposed. There are some differences between those who live on or near their property and those who live many miles away. The forest owners who live on their property are those who follow the proposed measure of precommercial thinning to the largest extent. That group also values precommercially thinned stands higher than thinned stands. The complete opposite is the case for the group that lives far away from their property. Almost all of the respondents thought that the forest management plan would be or had been a good help in the decision making about the forest..

We came in contact with the project "Grönplan Danderyd" that aims to create a green structure plan for a municipality of Stockholm called Danderyds kommun. Our thesis is a part of this project and makes it's contribution through the gathering and systematization of the knowledge of the functions of an urban green structure. It also makes a contribution through suggesting how this knowledge can be applied during the construction of an urban green structure plan. We found that "Stadens parker och natur", published by the Swedish National board of Housing, Building and Planning, was a recurrent source of information in the green structure plans that we studied. We saw a need of complementary additions and updates to the rather old report and found literature that adds the developments of the last decade. First of all we have chosen to make themes based on the functions of a green structure that were presented by 'Stadens parker och natur'. The themes we suggest that a greenplanning document manage are: Recreation, Pedagogies and Heath, Biological Diversity, Green structure in the History of Building Cities, Cultural Identity, the Health of the City, Biological Technology in the Municipality and Use and the Users. We found good examples of how to handle these themes in documents that handle greenstructure planning from the municipalities of Göteborg, Strängnäs, Eskilstuna, Malmö, Lund, Västerås and Uppsala.

The aim of this Master´s thesis in Art History and Visual Studies is to examine the existence and theexpressions of openness and interior space in the contemporary Swedish architecture of singlefamilyhouses. Research has focused on open-plan housing with open connections between kitchenand living areas, large windows, walls of glass, high ceiling heights and entresol or loft levels, usingtwo case studies and analyses of seven reference objects. Interpretation is based onphenomenological theoretical perspectives.Houses that are more or less transparent permit views from both the inside and the outside. Adiscussion of this potential dilemma is supported by sociological perspectives on identity, life-style,self-presentation, privacy and publicity..

An impulse or unplanned purchase is a decision taken on the spot without further consideration or reflection. It is the spur of the moment that influences the purchase rather than a deliberated decision. Being loyal to a particular brand means a mutual relationship between customer and company created over time which may result in the customer experiencing a higher value and thus prefer a particular brand before another.Bulk confectionary can be characterized as an impulse product because it is purchased at times without any time of consideration or planning. The question that arises is whether all bulk confectionary purchases are unplanned? Through this study it shall be examined whether any brand loyalty actually exists regarding bulk confectionary; does the customer plan its confectionary purchases in beforehand or do most of them occur through impulses? Furthermore, the study will highlight who the customer is of bulk confectionary in Sweden.The survey was conducted through a combination of a quantitative and qualitative method.

Syftet med detta arbete är att lägga fram ett underlag för Västerås stad, som avser att förnya sin trädplan. Arbetet är skrivet på en generell nivå och går även att använda för andra städer.Ett antal städer i Sverige har studerats, för att se skillnader i strukturen och för att få en verklighetsanknuten bild av hur arbetet ser ut idag. Målet var att få fram ett underlag för hur strukturen kan se ut i dessa planer och hur man på ett effektivt sätt kan implementera planen i det praktiska arbetet. Studien berör även den roll som organisationen har i förvaltningen. En viktig del med tanke på att en trädpolicy eller trädplan kan ligga till grund för politiska beslut.

The aim of this diploma work was to obtain a review of the appeal process in Sweden under the Planning and Building Act and the possibilities of appeal in the planning and building permit process. The work was intended to identify potential problems surrounding the appeal process and possible efficiency measures. The goal was to form a report that provides a satisfactory overview of the appeal process in theory and practical application as well as provide relevant concrete proposals on how the appeal process can be streamlined.Background and facts surrounding the work were taken from different types of literature and through several interviews with representatives in government, industry and politicians.The main problems related to the appeal process are in the long processing times and the high number of appeals. There is a great interest to streamline the appeals process and the government is going to launch studies in which possible future actions will be investigated.It is possible to appeal for up to two instances before you need a so called ?leave to appeal? in order for your complaint to be passed on to the next instance.

För beräkning av foderstater till mjölkkor används idag det så kallade AAT/PBV-systemet. Detta kommer inom kort att ersättas av ett nordiskt fodervärderingssystem, NorFor. Den del i NorFor som behandlar foderstater kallas NorFor Plan. Stora skillnader mellan systemen är till exempel att AAT/PBV-systemet ger varje fodermedel ett konstant energi- och proteinvärde men i NorFor-systemet varierar detta efter foderstatens storlek och sammansättning. NorFor tar hänsyn till fler kemiska fraktioner i fodermedlen, fodrets nedbrytning och passagen genom djuret.

The forest property Fagerdal 2:10 was donated to the Swedish University of Agriculture in 1995 by Erik Rönnberg. The dominating species is Norwegian spruce (Picea Abies) and the average age is high due to selective cutting. The aim of this study has been to analyze how the forest on the property should be managed and demonstrate how a better estimated forest data affects the future management. The impact of the management on the carbon stock of the property was also examined. A forestry plan established in 2009 by Skogssällskapet was used as a basis for the analyses.

On the first of January 2012, a new public authority was formed in Värmland, due to a new legislation on public transport. The first task for the new public authority was to produce a plan for the development of public transport. In order to do so, it had to execute an extensive consultation process about the long-term goals of public transport. The purpose of the thesis is to investigate how a public authority can use a consultation process as a means to clarify accountability and produce unified goals. To answer that, I have done a case study about how the new regional public authority in Värmland for public transport has acted in the process of writing a plan for the development of public transport.

When a decision is to be made on what long term strategic forest management plan to use, consideration must often be taken to multiple objectives. Such decisions are very complex and a promising approach to handle them is by Multiple Criteria Decision Analyses (MCDA). The study is based on the problem that the MCDA that have been implemented into forest management planning have only had capacity to compare and evaluate a limited number of management plans; which means that there is a risk the most suitable plan is missed. The aim with this study was to test the applicability of combining the MCDA tools: the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for including consideration to multi-objectives into strategic forest management planning. The study was based on the process of creating and selecting a management plan, using Heureka PlanWise, suitable for all the major objectives found in the forest holdings of a municipality in northern Sweden.