In Sweden a person is either unlimited or limited liable to tax. It is important to define this status since the consequence of being unlimited liable to tax according to chapter 3 § 8 Swedish income tax law (1999:1229) is imposed tax on every revenue from Sweden and overseas. When deciding the fiscal status Sweden uses the principle of domicile which makes the home of the taxable person important.Despite domilication in another country a person can be considered to have such bonds to Sweden that they still should be unlimited liable to tax here. During the development of the Swedish communal tax law (1928:370) the term essential linkage was introduced. There are numerous factors which can affect this assessment but in case-law some factors have been considered more important than others.

The assignment is issued by Scania Maintence AB seeking a new approach to detect power changes in their industrial processes. The work has taken place at Ångströmslaboratoriet and tests have been performed at Scania AB Södertälje.Today?s society consumes enormous amount of energy. In both economically and environmental view, it is important that the processes are effective, with high power factor. There are many ways to measure power in the industry, what they all have in common is that the installation is advanced, requires time and planning.

The organized and controlled form of collecting consumption taxes and toll from the import and export trade goes back to the 17th century in Sweden. The customs administration and procedure were regulated by royal announcements, and the majority of the documents found in the customs archives represent thus records stipulated by such notifications. The customs archives can be used for research on several levels; the announcements reflect currents within both the domestic and foreign politics, while the account lists for financial statistics portray the extent of the trade. The various lists of compilation can be further used to follow for instance the development of different units of measurement, the expansion of tax rates, the value of trade goods or the changes in monetary units or systems. The diaries, architectural plans of the customs offices and maps of the toll areas place the customs officials and their work within the local scenery.The thesis focuses on archives deriving from customs located at harbors and on the Swedish-Norwegian border in the county of Dalarna.

Antalet ensamkommande barn ökar, både i Sverige och i övriga Europa. Trots det finns det inga tydliga riktlinjer för hur arbetet med barn som fått permanent uppehållstillstånd ska se ut. Tidigare forskning tar upp resilience som en viktig aspekt i samband med ensamkommande barn. Teorin resilience handlar om förmågan att återhämta sig och att man når ett tillfredsställande resultat trots erfarenheter av situationer som innebär en risk att utveckla psykosociala problem. Vårt syfte med uppsatsen var därför att undersöka om personalens arbete leder till att öka barnens resilience. För att studera detta ville vi ta reda på vilka egenskaper hos barnen som personalen ser som viktiga för en sund utveckling och hur personalen stöttar dem att tillvarata sin inre styrka.

In Sweden, the eutrophication of lakes, water courses and the coastal areas is considered the major threat to aquatic ecosystems and therefore actions taken to reduce the nutrient load to aquatic system including the Baltic Sea has high priority. There are many different sources of phosphorous and nitrogen and domestic wastewater is one contributing factor to the high load. Especially waste water from households that is not connected to municipal sewage treatment or a local small scale plant with appropriate nutrient removal efficiency is considered a problem. These types of households are quite common in rural areas in Sweden and in areas where summer houses has been converted to permanent living. Swedish legislation now permit the municipalities to decide in which areas within the municipality higher demands of the local small scale treatment facility should be met by the households (i.e.

This essay aims to explore the philosophical meaning of the expression ?present and real? in Clara ? or, On Nature?s Connection to the Spirit World by F. W. J. Schelling.

Hematology-instruments that analyze blood cells can at specific cases be followed by manual counting with a hemocytometer. The plastic hemocytometer which has a fixed coverslip and is assigned for disposable use, appears to reduce the problems arising from the use of the traditional glass hemocytometer, for instance coverslip-application difficulty and dust particles. Capillary whole blood sampling may be useful for patients at the emergency department and in addition, a smaller volume of blood is taken compared to venous blood sampling. This study will focus on the platelet- and leukocyte count (PLT and WBC) in venous and capillary blood, in order to compare the plastic- and glass hemocytometers with Sysmex XN-2000 (Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan), and verify if capillary whole blood sampling can be used for the measurement of these hematological parameters. 30 subjects donated both capillary- and venous blood samples and these blood samples were analyzed with glass- and plastic hemocytometers with Sysmex XN-2000 as the reference method.

Denna rapport syftar till att utreda och klargöra de allmänna lämplighetsvillkoren vid fastighetsbildning (som finns beskrivna i 3 kap. 1 § fastighetsbildningslagen) och hur denna paragraf ska tolkas vid lämplighetsprövning.Detta har gjorts genom en rättsfallsstudie, där fokus lagts på hur paragrafen har tolkats i rättspraxis. Rättsfallsstudien har sedan kompletterats med propositionsanalyser och litteraturstudier. I uppsatsen har de 58 rättsfall som legat till grund för rättsfallsstudien redovisats för sig för att sedan analyseras och tolkas.Slutsatserna av arbetet presenteras i form av riktlinjer för vad som ska beaktas vid lämplighetsprövning. Riktlinjerna bygger på observerade tolkningar i rättspraxis och är menade att underlätta tolkningen av paragrafen.

Due to the wide usage of different databases administrated by the Swedish government to keep control over its citizen?s the issue has arisen concerning if this information is subject for other purposes then originally acknowledged. Executives induced in recruitment for labour has over the years extended their need for information accumulated by these systems. Especially data from the criminal records registry are now being used as a normal step in the employment process among a vastly growing spectrum of enterprises and businesses all over the country. This thesis aims to illuminate the subject by grasp to what extent the described behaviour can be considered legally accepted according to the law or if these actions are inflicting with the foundational juridical principles that has to be ensured by the Swedish government due to our constitutional law.A strict jurisprudential method has been applied throughout the entire thesis to ensure the reliability of the results. The diversity of sources has gently been put together to assure the overall quality.

Syftet med examensarbetet har varit att ta fram beräkningsschabloner eller beräkningsprinciper för trafik som alstras av Banverkets fastigheter. Detta har gjorts genom en inventering av över 200 järnvägsförrättningar hos Banverket Väst. Ur detta material har hämtats cirka 100 anläggningsförrättningar där mer än sextio förrättningar innehåller uppgifter om tonnage i enlighet med den vedertagna tonkilometermetoden. Cirka femtio fastigheter innehåller uppgifter om andelstal. Materialet har analyserats statistiskt och en empirisk beräkningsschablon har tagits fram.

Bostadsmarknaden i Stockholms län har varit föremål för diskussion länge. Den främsta anledningen är den stora uppgång i fastighetspriser som skett under de senaste 15 åren. Huruvida denna uppgång är förankrad i fundamentala faktorer låter vi vara osagt då denna uppsats inte syftar till att utreda en eventuell fastighetsbubbla, utan vilka faktorer som har och har haft en direkt påverkan på fastighetspriserna under perioden för småhus. Finns det något mönster att avläsa? Lämpar sig vissa kommuner bättre vid köp av ett permanent småhus än andra? Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka vilka faktorer som har haft störst påverkan på småhuspriserna i Stockholms län.SyfteGenom en korrekt tillämpning av pristeorin bör köparen kunna optimera sin fastighetsinvestering gällande småhus i länet.

Theability to beat the market is one of the most discussed topics in finance. Thereare very few investors that manage to accomplish this over longer periods oftime. Most of the financial research claims that this is impossible unless theinvestor increase the risk in the portfolio. However numerous of researchershave shown that it exist anomalies on the stock market which either indicatesthat the Capital Asset Pricing Modell (CAPM) or Fama and French three-factormodel fails to explain stock returns or that the market is not fully efficient.One investor that has claimed that the stock market is not fully efficient andthat it is possible to generate abnormal return is Benjamin Graham. Graham isone of the legends on Wall Street and he has shown that by using few variablesbased on public information, one can manage to beat the market over longer timeperiods.There arejust a few studies that have tested Graham?s criteria?s, however all of themindicates that they work but that the standard deviation might be higher forthe portfolios.

NCC Construction Sverige AB har i uppdrag att driva ort i LKAB:s gruva i Malmberget. Ortdrivningen omfattar år 2006 cirka 8200 meter ort vilket innebär att 135 000 m2 bergyta ska förstärkas med sprutbetong. KGS anlitas som underentreprenör för utförande av sprutbetongförstärkning. Sprutbetong som bergförstärkning är en viktig del i salvcykeln eftersom den tillsammans med bergbultning utgör ett skydd för fortsatt drivning och permanent skydd vid utnyttjande av den färdiga anläggningen. Rapporten beskriver sprutbetongförstärkningens verkningssätt och viktiga mekaniska egenskaper.

Bostadsmarknaden i Stockholms län har varit föremål för diskussion länge. Den främsta anledningen är den stora uppgång i fastighetspriser som skett under de senaste 15 åren. Huruvida denna uppgång är förankrad i fundamentala faktorer låter vi vara osagt då denna uppsats inte syftar till att utreda en eventuell fastighetsbubbla, utan vilka faktorer som har och har haft en direkt påverkan på fastighetspriserna under perioden för småhus. Finns det något mönster att avläsa? Lämpar sig vissa kommuner bättre vid köp av ett permanent småhus än andra? Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka vilka faktorer som har haft störst påverkan på småhuspriserna i Stockholms län.SyfteGenom en korrekt tillämpning av pristeorin bör köparen kunna optimera sin fastighetsinvestering gällande småhus i länet.

At the workplace, different types of discussions take place, where employers meet members of staff. Some of these discussions take the form of an employer correcting a member of staff; that is the employer wanting the member of staff to change his/her behaviour. The correcting discussion has a very important role within labour legislation as it is often this measure that the employer takes to bring about change. If this does not happen then more severe disciplinary measures like a warning or giving notice will be necessary. This paper is about the employer's role in the corrective discussion. How an employer can work with the corrective discussion but also what effects can be experienced due to the discussion. To understand how an employer experiences the corrective discussion, 98 employers within a municipality have received a web questionnaire via the computer program Esmaker. Of these employers 68 answered the questions, which is a response of barely 70%.