The main purpose of this bachelor thesis is to create a product in the form of a database that can be used for cost estimates of equipment within bio refineries. Through interviews and literature searches the key components and their costs were identified. The database was constructed in Microsoft Excel with different tabs for different categories of components; these tabs are further divided into three parts: one part with costs, one part with calculations and an information part. Most of the part with costs contains the expenses found in scientific papers during the literature study, the calculating part converts different capacities according to user preferences and the currency to euro (?) from 2010 and the information part consists of references and information about what is included in the cost.The database is a good tool for making cost estimates for bio refineries.

I dagens samhälle behöver allt fler personer vård. Sjuksköterskans specialitet är omvårdnad och de nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskorna förväntas ta ett stort ansvar. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att belysa nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskors upplevelser av den första tiden i yrkeslivet. Studien genomfördes som en systematisk litteraturstudie med en induktiv ansats. Resultatet baseras på åtta vetenskapliga artiklar och analysen resulterade i tre huvudkategorier: kunskap har betydelse, stressfull period och betydelsen av stöd.

Tre parallella förlopp undersöks, dels den förändring som skett med köksrummet i nyproducerade privata kök i stadsbebyggelse under tiden 1960-2000, dels de tekniska hjälpmedlens och livsstilens betydelse för matlagningen under samma period.Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur köksrummet, dess utrustning och livsstilen påverkat matlagningen mellan 1960 ? 2000.Två metoder har använts nämligen litteraturstudier och en intervju. Litteraturstudierna är av två slag, dels litteratur om kökets förändring livsstilen och dels en sammanställning och analys av fyra årgångar av vår kokbok. Intervjun har skett per mail.Resultatet av undersökningen visar att människornas livsstil och trenderna omkring dom har påverkat matlagningen och även nya tekniska köksapparater. Däremot torde köksrummets utseende han spelat en mindre roll för matlagningen.Slutsatsen är att de nyproducerade köken, under den period som undersökningen behandlat, har varit så stora och välplanerade att de inte kan ha hindrat för matlagningen.

The use of intramuscular injections of procaine penicillin G (bensylpenicillin procaine) in the horse is now and then associated with acute adverse reactions (penicillin-chock). The etiology is not yet clearly understood, but the theories are several. One possibility is that it can be caused by procaine toxicity. Procaine penicillin G is a salt which is quickly dissolved in plasma. Procaine is then metabolized by plasmaesterases to non-toxic metabolites, p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and diethylaminoethanol.

The contribution of biofuels to the total consumption of energy in Sweden must increase to 49 % in order to meet the goals for the year 2020 set by the European Union. In order to do so, improved information systems are needed to support the business processes within delivery scheduling between customers and suppliers.Enterprise Architecture (EA) is a concept to enable the alignment of Business processes and Information Systems. EA is the framework for the architectures of business, information and applications. With a comprehensive view of the architectures, an Information System aligned with the Business processes can be enabled. The first step in the development of an Information System is documenting the business processes.The goal of this study is to clarify a generic sequence of activities performed within the delivery scheduling process and the information needed to perform the activities.Data for the study was collected through qualitative interviews, first through a meeting with the respondent and after that a following telephone interview with in total 5 suppliers and 6 customers of biofuels.

The main purpose of this bachelor thesis is to create a product in the form of a database that can be used for cost estimates of equipment within bio refineries. Through interviews and literature searches the key components and their costs were identified. The database was constructed in Microsoft Excel with different tabs for different categories of components; these tabs are further divided into three parts: one part with costs, one part with calculations and an information part. Most of the part with costs contains the expenses found in scientific papers during the literature study, the calculating part converts different capacities according to user preferences and the currency to euro (?) from 2010 and the information part consists of references and information about what is included in the cost.The database is a good tool for making cost estimates for bio refineries.

The main purpose of this bachelor thesis is to create a product in the form of a database that can be used for cost estimates of equipment within bio refineries. Through interviews and literature searches the key components and their costs were identified. The database was constructed in Microsoft Excel with different tabs for different categories of components; these tabs are further divided into three parts: one part with costs, one part with calculations and an information part. Most of the part with costs contains the expenses found in scientific papers during the literature study, the calculating part converts different capacities according to user preferences and the currency to euro (?) from 2010 and the information part consists of references and information about what is included in the cost.The database is a good tool for making cost estimates for bio refineries.

Introduction: Anxiety and depression are common among patients enrolled in psychiatric outpatient care. Ear Acupuncture is an alternative form of treatment that has been shown to relieve anxiety and depression in previous studies.Aim: To evaluate ear acupuncture as a group treatment for depression and anxietyMethod: A psychiatric outpatient clinic has been offering group treatments with ear acupuncture for anxiety and depression for 5 weeks. Participants of the study have answered self-rating scales Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory and Sheehan Disability scale before and after the treatment period. Material was collected in the period 2008-2012 and has been analyzed in SPSS.Results: Data from 31 patients were included in the study. The results from the study showed a significant difference, between the measurements before and after treatment, with a reduction of the average values in the three different scales.Summary: From this study, it is difficult to draw any conclusions about the effect of ear acupuncture.

Recently, there have been intense discussions about the humanities and their role in society. Internationally, as well as in a Swedish context, the humanities have been regarded to be in a state of crisis. However, these discussions usually demonstrate a lack of historical perspectives based on thorough empirical research. The notion of a crisis needs to be historicized.In this study, a case is being examined where the relationship between science and society was renegotiated. In the context of World War II, a discourse has been identified in a borderland between science and politics through an analysis of Swedish journals and anthologies during the time period 1937-1947.

In January 2005 the emission allowance system was introduced within the European Union and the first period ends at the end of 2007. The system was introduced in order to decrease the wastes of carbon dioxide and the system is a part of ratifying the Kyoto ?protocol which first period runs between 2008-2012.The idea of the system is to reduce the wastes of carbon dioxide where it costs less to do so and the expenses for the society therefore are as diminutive as possible. Different theories explain that companies can benefit from environment legislation and can depending on the company?s attitude gain competitive advantages improve its productivity and thereby increase its profitability.With this in mind, the study aims at examining how the introduction of the emission trade system has influenced Swedish smaller companies in the distant heating industry, with focus on the factors attitude, innovation, competition and profitability.

The main purpose of this bachelor thesis is to create a product in the form of a database that can be used for cost estimates of equipment within bio refineries. Through interviews and literature searches the key components and their costs were identified. The database was constructed in Microsoft Excel with different tabs for different categories of components; these tabs are further divided into three parts: one part with costs, one part with calculations and an information part. Most of the part with costs contains the expenses found in scientific papers during the literature study, the calculating part converts different capacities according to user preferences and the currency to euro (?) from 2010 and the information part consists of references and information about what is included in the cost.The database is a good tool for making cost estimates for bio refineries.

Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to examine whether some periods of declines in Swedish real credit can be explained by a credit crunch. Is it further possible, with these results, to do any conclusions about the banks behaviour in the on going financial crisis that has shadowed the country since 2007/2008? Method: A credit crunch is here defined as a period of supply-side restrictions on loans which doesn?t reflect the ongoing interest rates. By estimating a supply and demand function with a disequilibrium model the excess demand- and supply for credit due to different periods can be calculated. Conclusion: A credit crunch has been present during a period after the banking crisis of early 1990?s.

Efter genomförd studie drar vi slutsatsen att de teoretiska ekonomiska modellerna som används i en fundamental analys svårt kan appliceras på en så kort period som en månad efter terrordådet den11 september 2001. Vi konstaterar också att marknaden under denna period präglades av ett stort mått av psykologi. Variablerna branschtillhörighet, företagsstorlek, betavärde, p/e-tal, soliditet och internationell exponering ger inget underlag för utformandet av en portfölj för att gardera sig mot framtida extrema globala händelser. Slutligen presenterar vi våra råd för en aktieplacerare som vill gardera sig mot kraftiga nedgångar till följd av någon sorts extrem global händelse, sk event risk: ? Genom en väldiversifierad portfölj undgår man att drabbas av extrema nedgångar.? Aktieägande ska ses på lång sikt.? Då det i praktiken för gemene man torde vara svårt att nyttja en nedgång på grund av enoväntad event för en placering och ett snabbt klipp på aktiemarknaden synes det bästarådet för en privatperson vara att köpa aktier och fondandelar regelbundet under en långtidsperiod och följaktligen undvika mycket kortsiktig spekulation enligt citatet:- When in Doubt Stay Out!? Enligt event risk teorin bör en aktieplacerare vara medveten om risken med blankning vidextrema händelser.? Vår undersökning ger vid handen att den fundamentala aktieanalysen inte har storbetydelse på kort sikt, utan ska ses som en del av en långsiktig strategi när man väljeraktier till sin portfölj.

This essay deals with Swedish unemployment politics during the period 1918-1932, and can be seen as a contribution to earlier research of how the policies, established by the State Unemployment Commission, was carried out at a local level. This study bears upon  Uddevalla municipality, a town in the southwestern part of Sweden, which had about 13,700 inhabitants in 1920.The research was conducted in Uddevalla municipality archives, and the sources used are above all municipal records and documents from the local unemployment committee. The measures taken by the local committee to reduce the effects of unemployment have then been compared with the directives of the State Unemployment Commission.The survey shows that the local unemployment committee, at least during the first half of the 1920s, was very keen to follow the directives of the State Unemployment Commission, and they also tried to charge the municipality's economy as little as possible. The local policy was often even more restrictive than the demands from the State Unemployment Commission. During a few years in the middle of the 1920s, when the unemployment was relatively low, most of the unemployed did not recieve any help at all.The restrictive policy, however, led to an increasing distress among the unemployed, and the poor relief had to give financial help to a lot of unemployed and their families.

The use of computer and video games has increased immensely over the past few decades and today a majority of the Swedish population enjoys them on a daily basis. With such a large number of frequent users, the media reporting on the subject of games becomes interesting and important. How are games represented in the media, and has there been any change in the way they are portrayed as their popularity has grown? ­The aim of this study is to determine if and how the portrayal of computer and video games in Swedish newspapers has changed during the period 1995?2012. The study was conducted with the use of quantitative content analysis and the empirical data was collected from the two most widespread newspapers in Sweden ? DN and Aftonbladet.