In developing countries such as Vietnam the population consumes more animal products for example milk and meat than before which requires greater livestock production. Ruminants contributes to more methane emission which creates a dilemma between food production and its environmental impact. By feeding ruminants with nutritive crops which humans can not assimilate the animal performance will increase in terms of better growth and milk production without inpinging on food that can be consumed directly by humans. Increasing animal performance reduces methane emission in terms of amount of methane in kg-1 milk and meat which today is much greater in developing countries than developed countries. The aim of the study was to investigate tropical tannin-rich legumes for their potential as a feed supplement for ruminants made in vitro.

Difficult calvings and stillbirths are problems in Swedish dairy production that result in large expenses for the farmers and welfare issues concerning the animals. A common opinion is that the live weight of SRB and SLB is increasing, and whether increased weights have caused the increase in calving problems has been discussed. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the relative birth weight (calf/cow) and calving difficulty and stillbirth, respectively. The importance of breed and parity for the relative weight has been investigated, and comparisons with previous studies have been made to evaluate whether the relative weight has changed over the last decades or not. The study was based on 807 calvings, registered during the period 1993-2003 in the experimental dairy herd of the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (JĂ€lla).

Uppsatsen ?Who you know becomes what you know? Àr en nÀtverksteoretisk mixedmetodstudie med syfte att kartlÀgga enskilda aktörers nÀtverk samt besvara frÄgestÀllningarna vilka förutsÀttningar för informationsspridning och group performance som gÄr att hÀrleda ur enskilda aktörers formella- och informella sociala nÀtverk. Studieobjektet för uppsatsen Àr MTR Stockholm som pÄ uppdrag av Storstockholms lokaltrafik driver Stockholms tunnelbana. Organisationen har uppmÀrksammat att verksamhetsomÄrdet lokalvÄrden klarat sina uppdrag med bravur senaste Äret efter att vissa organisatoriska förÀndringar har gjorts. Kommunikationsavdelningen tillsammans med uppsatsförfattaren kom dÀrigenom fram till att en mikroundersökning av lokalvÄrden vore intressant för att eventuellt kunna utveckla andra verksamhetsomrÄden.Genom ett snöbollsurval har fem respondenter pÄ olika positioner i organisationen inkluderats i studien.

The main purpose of this study was to examine the knowledge in biology by immigrant pupils. My investigation is based on the pupil and I have focused on positive and negative factors that affect their performance in biology.The study is based on marks in year 2006/2007, a survey and interviews made with four immigrant pupils at a compulsory school in VÀstra Götaland.The study indicates that the result in biology of immigrant pupils is lower compared to Swedish.Difficulties in language, the commitments by their parents and their surroundings are the main factors that affect their results negative..

In this work a study has been performed to show the different kinds of insulated balcony connections exists on the market. In the work there is also a short description of thermal bridges concerning balconies. A description of older solutions for balcony connections is given as well as a calculation of the difference in energy costs for a insulated balcony connection compared to the standard connection. The work includes a short description of the different products. After that there is a short information about their insulation properties, durability, acoustic performance, assembly, computer programme and a short analyses for each product..

When performing studies that test the reactions of horses in different situations, important information may be available about the horse?s reactivity level. With information from these tests, accidents and dangerous situations may be prevented. When the behaviours from tests are compared with race performance it may be possible to evaluate if some behaviours are more desirable at the race track than others. The aim of this study was to see if behavioural responses correlated with physiological parameters (heart rate, cortisol), the trainer?s opinions and actual race performance.

BAE Systems HĂ€gglunds has a long history of producing high performance terrain tracked vehicles (mostly for military applications), and they are now aiming at developing a tracked forwarder with similar techniques.The forwarder will be of series hybrid type where a diesel engine via a generator will power the motors (one for each drive wheel). Thanks to individually controlled motors and the gentle rubber tracks, this forwarder is calculated to have a considerably higher average speed in the terrain and to be more gentle to the soil. The forwarder with a weight of 11 metric tons and a load capacity of 15 metric tons is specified to have an average working speed of 7-10 km/h, a top speed in terrain of 15 km/h and a top speed on roads of 40 km/h.This master?s thesis aims at developing a conceptual design of the forwarder?s drive module which includes electric motor, gear unit, brake and drive wheel.To investigate if the requirements can be fulfilled a study of the dimensioning loading scenarios has been carried out. The resulting needs regarding the torque has been considered in order to determine the required gear ratios for different motor options.

This report is intended to give an insight in the Network Performance Assessment Modeland the parameters that is needed in the making of a fictitious grid that represents anoptimal grid. A main goal is to investigate how the construction of a real grid iscompared to the fictitious.One of the key parameters is how redundancy is treated in the model and to find theoptimal amount of redundancy versus the costs. Further is the dimensioning of the grid ofinterest. The fictitious grid is based on energy whereas the real grid often is based onsubscribed power and these two principles are compared and analyzed.The difference in the outcome of the model result due to variations in input data of themodel is also discussed in the report..

År 1996 avreglerades den Svenska elmarknaden vilket innebar att elpriset övergick frĂ„n att vara reglerat till att bli konkurrensutsatt. I denna uppsats analyseras elmarknaden och dess förĂ€ndring i struktur och prisbildning sedan avregleringen. Detta görs genom en Structure-Conduct-Performance analys dĂ€r marknadsprestationen ses ha ett samband med marknadsstrukturen. Marknadsprestationen belyses nĂ€rmare genom en analys av konsument och producentöverskottet. VĂ„pr slutsats Ă€r att inga vĂ€lfĂ€rdsvinster har uppstĂ„tt till följd av avregleringen utan snarare tvĂ€rtom, och det verkar inte heller bli en mer konkurrenskraftig marknad i framtiden..

Syftet med examensarbetet Àr att hjÀlpa ett företag med att införa standardlittera för deras prefabricerade betongelement som ingÄr i deras Konceptet. Införandet av standardlittera ska resultera till att Äterfinna och gruppera deras betongelement i CAD-systemen. We did our thesis project at one of the most prestigious Swedish construction companies. We have examined the possibilities of doing sandwich elements to standard elements which would increase the degree of industrialization. The company has developed a concept that is based on a more refined process of industrialization.

In this paper, a small business network with around 30 users is analyzed with respect to security, performance and usability. Based on this analysis, two suggestions on how to solve the problems listed are given. The first suggestion focus on keeping a low budget, while the other tries to deal with the problems more thoroughly. One advantage of the first suggestion is, in addition to not straining the company's budget more than nessecary, it does not involve too great changes in the way the network is used and administered. On the other hand, the smaller budget leads to certain compromises, and there is a risk that similar problems occur again if, for example, the company would grow.

The automotive industry is a highly competitive market characterised by low profit margins or huge losses. Cost reductions have been of top priority for all OEM?s (Original Equipment Manufacturer) and will continue to be so for many years to come. Beside cost reductions, reducing the time-to-market is of greatest importance to stay in the competition. OEM?s that are slow to market with products that neither matches customer expectations nor the products of their competitors, will soon loose market shares and see their economical performance falter.

This thesis describes teh solution of two problems regarding safety on powered lawnmowers; protectning the users from injury when using the lawnmower in slopes, and when cleaning the cutting blade.The task was carried out through initial studies on a representative lawnmower. A generation of ideas followed with an evaluation to select the best solution. The winning concept was further developed to reach acceptable performance. The word resulted in a functioning prototype utilising an original way of detecting inclinations without incorrect signals. It c an serve as a platform for further development into a product.The work gives insightful experience of solving real-world problems, and especially to deal with situations where several variables and their effects are unknownPlease note that several parts of the work are confidential, and have therefore been removed from the thesis..

One way of signalling commands to the horse during riding is through applying tension on the reins to create bit pressure in the horse?s mouth (Terada et al., 2006; Clayton et al., 2011). The skilfulness of the rider in using the hands when applying bit pressure has consequences both for the horse?s performance and welfare (Manfredi et al., 2010). At the trot there are large vertical deviations of the horse?s body which the rider must adjust and adapt to (Terada et al., 2006) and an unsteady hand due to inability to follow the horse?s movement can be a source of discomfort and conflict behaviour in the horse (Heleski et al., 2009).

Bakgrund: Under 1900-talet skedde flera teknologiska framsteg och Relevance Lost-debatten förÀndrade synen pÄ den traditionella ekonomistyrningen. De tvÄ mÄlstyrningssystemen, det balanserade styrkortet och Hoshin Kanri, anses delvis besvara kritiken samt möjliggöra för företag att implementera sina strategier. Begreppet mÄlkongruens beskrivs pÄ olika sÀtt av olika författare, varför begreppet Àr intressant att undersöka samt hur mÄlkongruens kan uppnÄs i företags planeringsprocesser.Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats Àr att beskriva planeringsprocessen i mÄlstyrningssystem samt att förklara hur mÄlkongruens uppnÄs. Vidare Àr syftet att precisera begreppet mÄlkongruens samt formulera en metod för att stÀrka mÄlkongruens.Metod: För att uppnÄ uppsatsens syfte har tvÄ fallstudier gjorts med tvÄ företag som arbetat med att implementera och utveckla arbetet med ett balanserat styrkort och Hoshin Kanri. Tre intervjuer har genomförts pÄ respektive företag med personer med god insyn i och erfarenhet av arbetet med mÄlstyrningssystemen det balanserade styrkortet och Hoshin Kanri.Resultat: De bÄda mÄlstyrningssystemen Àr mycket lika.