Confusion can be a life threatening condition that is often missed by the nurses, thus it occurs in the same range as pain, fever or infections. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the phenomenon of confusion among elderly patients, in order to establish a wider understanding of the patient's nursing needs. Method: Literature study based on scientific material. Results: The result showed the patient's ability to recollect and reconstruct episodes of confusion. During the confusion the stories contained a wide variety of experiences, such as threat, fear, suspicion, chaos and order, unreal experiences, a need to escape and a bad sleep.

Inledning: Cancer är en ovanlig sjukdom hos barn och ungdomar och i Sverige drabbas cirka 300 styckenårligen. Prognosen har kraftigt förbättrats sedan 1970-talet, framförallt beroende på intensivarebehandlingsmetoder och större möjligheter att åtgärda och förebygga cytostatikans svåra biverkningar.Sjukhusvistelserna blir många och långa för barnen och ungdomarna. Förutom att deras vardagsliv med skolaoch kompisrelationer vänds upp och ned, påverkas hela familjens psykosociala tillvaro. Barnet/ungdomenbehöver sina föräldrar och syskon för att ta sig igenom en tuff cancerbehandling och viss vård, exempelvisantibiotika och intravenös näringstillförsel ges redan i hemmet för att underlätta för familjerna. Att ävenkunna erbjuda viss cytostatikabehandling och/eller understödjande behandling skulle vara ytterligare enmöjlighet för barnen och ungdomarna att få vara i sin normala miljö tillsammans med hela familjen ochövriga vänner.Syfte: Syftet med studien var att kartlägga faktorer som är betydelsefulla inför att ge cytostatika i hemmet tillbarn och ungdomar med cancer.Metod: En litteraturstudie genomfördes av tretton vetenskapliga artiklar som valts ut efter systematisksökning i databaserna Pubmed och Chinal.Resultat: De faktorer som framkom genom litteraturstudien och har betydelse för patientsäkerhet ochvårdkvalitet inför en organisation av cytostatikaadministrering i hemmet delades in i fem kategorier:? Tydlig ansvarsfördelning? Kompetens hos vårdpersonal? Undervisning av föräldrar? Kriterier för urval av patient och familj? Föreskrifter för cytostatikahanteringDiskussion: Det finns en klinisk betydelse i att barnsjuksköterskan, i samråd med ansvarig barnonkolog,med vägledning av den familjefokuserade omvårdnaden samt de faktorer, ?Kompetens hos vårdpersonal?,?Undervisning av föräldrar?, ?Tydlig ansvarsfördelning?, ?Kriterier för urval av patient och familj? och?Föreskrifter för cytostatikahantering? som framkom i denna litteraturstudie kan verka för att möjliggöra förbarn och ungdomar att få viss cytostatikabehandling i sitt hem på ett säkert sätt..

Syfte: Att beskriva sjuksköterskans upplevelser och copingstrategier vid vård av barn med cancer samt beskriva de ingående artiklarnas datainsamlingsmetod.Metod: En beskrivande litteraturstudie med kvalitativ ansats. Totalt granskades elva artiklar, nio kvalitativa, en kvantitativ samt en med mixad metod. Artiklarna söktes via databaserna PubMed och Cinahl mellan åren 2005 till 2015.Huvudresultat: Fem teman identifierades: Sjuksköterskans upplevelser vid vård av barn med cancer, kommunikationssvårigheter med barnen och deras föräldrar, svårigheter inom yrket, samt den palliativa vården och döden, sjuksköterskans copingstrategier vid vård av barn med cancer. Sjuksköterskan upplevde hinder i kommunikationen relaterat till negativa prognoser för barnen samt om barnen var svåra att nå och inte ville kommunicera. Känslomässiga svårigheter uppstod ofta då sjuksköterskan skapat personliga band till barnen och deras familjer.

Background: High demands are today placed upon Swedish elderly care nurses as more elderly live with multimorbidity while the hospital bed capacity is becoming lower. Aim: The aim of the study was to explore nurses? perception of decision-making in situations with acutely ill patients in nursing homes and which factors may influence the decision about transferring patients to the emergency department or not. Method: This is a qualitative study with a phenomenographic approach. Semi-structured interviews have been conducted with 11 nurses working in nursing homes. The data analysis was based on Dahlgren and Fallsberg (1991) data analysis. Result: Three different description categories were presented, which describes variations of the nurses? perceptions.Feeling comfortable in making the decision; which involved the nurses feeling confident in the decision-making about transferring patients to the emergency department or not.Hesitant in making the decision; which described how nurses perceived the decision-making as problematic, with regard to transferring patients to the emergency department.Many wishes to consider in taking the decision; which explained how nurses? decision-making was influenced by requests from the patients or from people close to them.Conclusion:  The study reflected how  supporting and aggravating factors could influence how nurses in nursing homes perceived the decision-making and how nurses have to take in consideration different opinions concerning the decision making process of transferring patients to the emergency department or not.

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to describe the post-operative care during the three first days for patients who have undergone colorectal surgery according to ERAS care programs with a focus on the variables nutrition, elimination, activity, type of analgesia and the number of hospital days documented in the patient record and patient log books. ERAS means "Early Recovery After Surgery" and the purpose of the health care program is to accelerate recovery after colorectal surgery. The study had a descriptive design and a quantitative approach, in which 51 patient records were included. Log books and patient records were reviewed postoperatively. According to the log books estimated most of the patients, who had documented, that they ate and drank very good or good.

This thesis aims to describe the differences and similarities between a male dominated sector and a female dominated sector based on gender mainstreaming documentation as well as through interviews with people working within the sectors. The sectors that were chosen in this study were the fire department and the nursing and care administration of Växjö municipality. Both of the administrations? genders mainstreaming documents were subjected to content analysis in order to describe differences and similarities between the administrations. The analysis found that there were differences in approaches between the administrations were the nursing and care administration had aims of achieving a specified amount of men working within the administration, which the fire department didn?t have.

Swedish studies have shown that more people than expected have problems with leg ulcers and that the yearly cost for treatment per patient is approximately 26 500kr. Since the elderly population is on the rise, there is a need to highlight this growing problem, to make sure that proper assessment tools are used and to improve the standard of care given to patients with leg ulcers. The aim was to show what a difference the nurse can make to patients with leg ulcers. With all types of wounds it is imperative to establish if there is any underlying reasons since certain illnesses can cause more wounds or delay the healing process. The doctor is responsible for making the diagnosis and to prescribe the correct treatment whereas the nurse?s responsibility is for the nursing care and its documentation.

The purpose of this study was to illustrate the effects of music in pre-, peri-, and postoperative care. This study is a systematic literature study based on 22 scientific articles with quantitative methods. Music is an alternative treatment used in nursing care. Nurses could as a complement to routine pre-, peri-, and postoperative nursing have music interventions in mind, because an operation involves anxiety, fear and pain for many patients. The result of the study shows that music can reduce patients? anxiety, pain and improving their wellbeing and recovery.

Venous leg ulcers are a chronic disease mostly among elderly individuals. The leg ulcers are often painful and interfere with the individual?s daily life. The aim of this literature review was to describe individuals? experiences of living with venous leg ulcers.

Background: Examinations with the intent to assess neurological functions and level of conciousness are common in neurocritical care, but the effect on the patient is not entirely researched.Aim: The purpose of this study was to describe the patient?s situation at the neurological wake-up test concerning the environment, nursing interventions and the possibility given the patient to become awake, and if these conditions affect the outcome of the wake-up test.Methods: A quantitative observational study took place at a neurocritical care unit, where 20 patients were observed from interruption of sedation to the neurological assessment, which was performed by a neurosurgeon or a specialized critical care registered nurse. Nursing interventions, environmental factors and physiological parameters were documented.Result: Twelve intervention varieties to control patients? physiological parameters were used. CPP > 80 mmHg was found in 90 % of observations.

Att vara sjuksköterskestudent innebär mycket klinisk praktik. Möjlighet erbjuds att känna på hur det dagliga arbetet organiseras på klinikerna. Erfarenheter av detta gav inspiration till denna studie. Hur upplever människor att vara del av en organisation? Syftet med studien var att sammanställa beskrivningar av upplevelser från beprövade sätt att organisera omvårdnadsarbetet inom sjuksköterskans område.

SAMMANFATTNING En bristfällig munvård kan leda till olika sjukdomstillstånd. En god munvård är en viktig del i det fysiska och psykiska välbefinnandet. Allt fler äldre personer behåller idag sina egna tänder. De som inte kan sköta sin egen munvård p.g.a. sjukdom eller åldrande behöver därför hjälp.

This thesis puts together general guidelines for the design of outdoor environment at nursing homes for people with dementia. The goal is to give the residents a greater quality of life with the garden.The garden must be safe and secure while offering places for fellowship or retirement and experiences of joy and competence. The plant material and other elements in the garden are inserted to stimulate the senses and to inspire to different activities. The paper describes the health promoting effects of nature and gardens by referring to scientific studies. These studies encompass the impact of nature on all human beings as well as how the outdoor environment affects our target group, elderly people with dementia. An essential part of the work focus on the conditions in a garden for people with dementia, on the contact between residence and garden and the access to surrounding life. Eventually, the general guidelines are applied to a real building project ? the Vega project in Lomma,a new nursing home for persons with dementia.

To increase the understanding of how individuals total life situation affects their stress level and health has lately more frequently been discussed in different contexts. Furthermore, it is important to have knowledge of power structures that exist under given circumstances in a society to get an increased understanding of how to structure the health promoting work to get the highest possible benefits. People?s work life is essential to their health, since we spend a lot of time at work. The aim of this study was to find out which factors that relate to nursing staff?s health and stress level from a general perspective.

Background: It is required that health care professionals continuously work with patient safety and quality improvements, and the skills of registered nurses are significant in this work. However, quality improvement also requires commitment and knowledge about how to improve health care and ensure patient safety. There is a lack of studies that highlights the importance of supportive functions for this work. Nurses in clinical settings can be utilized as facilitators that make things easier for other health care professionals who are engaged in quality improvement and patient safety. In order to gain understanding about the significance and needs of nurses with a role of facilitator, it is urgent to learn from their experiences of facilitating quality improvement in health care.Aim: The aim was to study nurses? experiences of facilitating quality improvement of nursing care, patient safety and multi-professional collaboration in health care.Method: Semi-structured qualitative interviews were performed with ten registered nurses who had experience of being in the role of facilitators.