BackgroundToday a common approach to solve a complicated problem is to assemble a temporary workforce in order to solve the problem by working together within a project. One of the difficulties with working in projects is to maintain the planned budget. Working hours and costs are often exceeded. Many companies presume that any certain project will succeed, a presumption that leads companies not to anticipate risks involved in a project. In companies today there is seldom time for evaluation or moderation of a project, in order to have time for evaluation there is a great need for an adequate planning of the project.IntentThe intention with this study is to create a model for planning, budgeting and evaluation of projects within consultancy companies.MethodWith the help of interviews and discussions within the group Hamnar och Byggkonstruktioner at Sweco has evidence to present a proposal on planning, budgeting and monitoring been developed.ResultsA model has been developed to ease for consultancy companies to plan, budget, monitor and evaluate projects.

In the last years people has become more aware of issues regarding corporate social responsibility. This has led to a more thorough control of big multinational companies, which are often held account of violating social, ethical and environmental values. The term most often used for this is corporate social responsibility (CSR). H&M is a Swedish multinational company and the concept of H&M is fashion to a low price. The material most often used in producing clothes is cotton.

Lundquist, John. (2008) Ordning och reda ur ett elevperspektiv (Order and discipline from the pupils point of view). Skolutveckling och ledarskap, Lärarutbildningen 90 p distans, Malmö högskola. Syftet med denna undersökning är att ta reda på vad elever i anser om frågor som rör ordning och reda i skolan. Jag har genomfört en kvalitativ undersökning med hjälp av halvstrukturerade intervjuer. Eleverna i undersökningen anser att ordning och reda innebär lugn och ro i klassrummet samt att man följer lärarens anvisningar. Intervjupersonerna tycker att det är väldigt viktigt med ordning och reda i skolan. Niondeklassarna som deltog anser att det är stökigt i klassrummet relativt ofta.

The purpose of this article has been to elucidate social secretaries? and teachers? experiences of collaboration around children in need of society?s intervention. We wanted to examine what the difficulties could be, according to their experience, and how they handled them. Additionally our aim was to analyze whether their method of dealing with the obstacles were likely to succeed, viewed from the perspective of system theory. In order to achieve our purpose we used a qualitative method and interviewed four social secretaries and four teachers.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att ge läsaren en förklaring till varför två stridande förband inom Försvarsmakten (FM) nyttjar olika indelning på gruppnivå. Uppsatsen skall dessutom redovisa fördelar och nackdelar som förekommer med respektive indelning. Ämnet till uppsatsen uppstod på grund av en strävan från Försvarsmakten att kunna nyttja behovssammansatta stridsgrupper. FM fastställer order och kommandon, försöker likställa vapensystem och utbud av ammunition och i övrigt använda samma materiel i syfte att förenkla fördelning och logistik av all materiel. Trots denna strävan förekommer det olika indelning på gruppnivå.

In Italy in 1528 the famous author Baldassare Castiglione published the book Il Cortegiano. In words Castiglione portraits the ideal courtiers and provides a lot of advice on how to achieve the ultimate courtier manner. For example he introduces and explains the words sprezzatura and grazia. His advice spread from Italy and influenced the courts around Europe. My purpose with this study has been two folded. Firstly, I have analysed Castigliones Il Cortegiano in order to examine his vision of virtues and ideals.

The fast growing economy of India has experienced fundamental structural changes in recentyears. The share of the service sectors output has more than doubled since 1950 and is todayestimated to make up almost 60 percent of India?s total output. In terms of total employmentwe have not yet seen a similar transformation. The observed discrepancy between sectorialshares of employment and output in the service sector raises questions about sustainability.This report aims to investigate the capacity of the Indian service sector in terms ofemployment creation in order to answer the question whether the recent GDP growth withinthe service sector can be considered as ?jobless? or not.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att ur ett elevperspektiv undersöka orsakerna till gymnasieelevers omval. Under våra praktikperioder i utbildningen har vi mött elever som gjort omval och upplevt detta som svårt och jobbigt. Detta gjorde att vi blev intresserade av att undersöka vad eleverna själva uppfattar vara orsak till omvalet. Vi har intervjuat totalt nio elever som går i årskurs två och som har gjort omval i årskurs ett. Att vi valde att intervjua elever i årskurs två beror på att vi ville att eleverna skulle ha hunnit reflektera över sitt omval men ändå ha det någorlunda färskt i minnet. Vi har gjort en kort historik över hur gymnasieskolan har förändrats.

This thesis aims to study brand change, which can be of interest since a brand during its lifetime can be expected to meet a lifecycle consisting of five phases; innovation, introduction, growth, maturity and recession. In order to avoid the recession phase and the sales decline that follows there is a need for a change of the brand.In order to study brand change, theoretical framework is compared to two real world cases that have gone through an active change.The conceptions of positioning, repositioning and revitalization are clarified. Positioning deals with how brands are located in customer?s minds as well as on the real market. Repositioning implies a change of the current position and is also often a move towards a new market segment.

Personal branding is a common phenomenon within the Swedish business world, although less applied on the competitive and fast paced music industry. In order to strengthen Swedish artists' personal brands and to ensure congruence between the artists' presented identities and the target audiences' perceived images, we have developed a model, containing of seven essential factors. The seven dimensions authenticity, credibility, certainty, openness, availability, awareness and timeliness help improve strength when communicating brand identity, as well as minimizing potential discrepancy between identity and image. This report examines the brand strategies within the Swedish music industry through a case study of Sweden's largest pop star, Eric Saade, where Team Saade's communicated identity is compared to the targets audience's perceived image of Saade. Overall, Saade's personal brand has a high level of congruence, except from the clarity dimension, where his words are considered differing from his actions.

This final thesis aim to create a support that can decrease the uncertainty when planning the cable drum flanges lines that produces cable drums in the interval 100 to 320cm in diameter at Vida Packaging in Hestra. The purpose attains through finding an optimal batch size that minimizes the total storage cost and order prime cost, without degenerate delivery capacity to the customer. Through survey the sale and stock balance development during 2005 and 2006 for cable drums in Hestra and give alternative suggestions how to plan the production after installing a new cable drum flanges line. The study also explores different ways of working during product change in existing nailing line, to minimize the order prime cost. Vida Packaging in Hestra is a part of the Vida group, which is Sweden?s largest privately owned sawmill group with seven sawmills placed all around southern Sweden.

Syftet med denna kandidatuppsats har varit att undersöka hur den svenska sportrapporteringen sett ut under världsmästerskapet i fotboll 2010 när det skrivits om afrikanska fotbollslandslag söder om Sahara. Hur skildras dessa afrikanska lag i de svenska reportrarnas rapportering?Utifrån 52 artiklar i Dagens Nyheter och Expressen under perioden 10 juni 2010 till 12 juli 2010 har en kvalitativ textanalys med ett diskursanalytiskt perspektiv utförts. Med en postkolonial teori utifrån Edward W. Saids orientalismbegrepp har materialet sedan analyserats.Analysen har visat hur dikotomin Vi och Dem har reproducerats, där de afrikanska fotbollslandslagen och deras spelare fått representera Dem i motsats till västvärldens Vi.

Uppsatsen tar sitt avstamp i ämnet krigsvetenskap och den förändring av försvarsmaktens verksamhet som de kombinerade uppgifterna, insatsförsvar och fredsbevarande insatser har skapat. Den del av krigsvetenskapen som uppsatsen riktas mot är krigföringens grundprinciper och tillämpningen av densamma inom de nya ramar som försvarsmakten agerar inom.Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka huruvida en skillnad mellan teori och praktik har uppstått gällande krigföringens grundprinciper. Genom att avgränsa området till taktisk och operativ nivå, de grundprinciper som finns i den svenska marina doktrinen och det svenska ytstridsvapnet, görs en problemformulering och uppsatsens frågeställning definieras till: Vilka skillnader kan utrönas mellan den teoretiska innebörden av krigföringens grundprinciper och den tolkning av dessa som görs inom dagens svenska ytstridsvapen?En kvalitativ metod, där litteraturstudier och intervjuer används som forskningstekniker, fastställs som lämplig metod för uppsatsen. Därefter diskuteras validitet och generaliserbarhet samt källorna ur en kritisk synvinkel.

The survey Distanshandeln idag 2005, made by the Swedish postal service, tells us that web shops started to pop up in the 1990´s and began competing with the catalogue sells in the end of the decade. Ten years ago, it was said that the web shops would take over the distance trade market. Today we know that did not happen. Internet shopping accounted for 4, 2 % of all distance shopping in Sweden last year. Our inquiry is guided by the observation that the catalogue is still in use and moreover, it seems to have changed very little from when we were kids.

District heating covers around 80 % of the heating demand in apartment buildings and 10 % in single-family homes in Sweden. In the year 2010 the total input of energy to the Swedish district heating grids was about 70 TWh, which corresponds to 11 % of the total energy input to the whole energy system in the country. Through the combined production of heat and power the CHP-plants often reaches an efficiency of 90 % from energy in the fuel to produced heat and power. In order to keep the efficiency high it is important for the owners of the plant to have good knowledge about the plants performance at different operation points. Strängnäs Energi AB initiated this diploma work together with FVB Sverige ab in order to come up with a program for short term planning of the production of heat and power at the company´s CHP-plant.The work consists of three main parts.