Syftet med arbetet var att genom en litteraturstudie belysa den preoperativa informationens betydelse för patientens postoperativa välbefinnande. Studier har visat att preoperativ information kan ha betydelse då patienten visat mindre ångest, oro och smärta i det postoperativa skedet. Arbetet utgick ifrån en reviewartikel som belyste området. Resultatet visade studier från åren 1998 och framåt. I dessa studier framkom effekter såsom att information kunde förmedla kunskap till patienten som bidrog till att öka patientens välbefinnande genom att han/hon fick ökad kunskap om vårdförloppet.

Varje år drabbas ca 30 000 individer av stroke i Sverige. Sjukdomen innebär ofta bestående funktionsnedsättningar och behov av både socialt och professionellt stöd från närstående och hemsjukvård. Sjuksköterskan har en viktig roll i att ge stöd till strokedrabbade och deras närstående. Syftet med studien var att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att ge stöd till strokedrabbades närstående under vårdtiden på en strokeenhet. En kvalitiativ metod valdes och datainsamlingen skedde genom intervjuer med fem sjuksköterskor som arbetade på strokeenhet.

Bakgrunden till föreliggande studie är att stroke är en av Sveriges stora folksjukdomar och afasi kan uppkomma som komplikation. Detta kan medföra problem vid kommunikationen och vårdrelationen kan bli lidande. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att belysa vårdrelationen med strokedrabbad patient med afasi ur ett vårdarperspektiv. Studien grundade sig på sex vetenskapliga artiklar som granskades genom innehållsanalys inspirerad av Burnards (1991) analysmetod. Analysen resulterade i tre huvudgrupper med undergrupper vilka belyser olika aspekter för att skapa en god vårdrelation.

BackgroundWhen women have breast pain this usually is not associated with myocardial infarction, which results in that they get less attention and wrong treatment. The nurse has an important role in informing and educating patients and families during hospitalization, which is usually short. Continuous training, written information and repetition for patient and family throughout the hospital stay are of considerable importance to clarify that the patient understands and to reduce the anxiety of being discharged.AimThe aim is to describe nurses' experiences of caring for older women with myocardial infarction.MethodsA qualitative method was used. The collection of data was done by six interviews with nurses in geriatric care and elderly care. Dataset has been processed based on a content analysis and divided into subcategories and main categories using meaningful units.ResultsNot having knowledge of older women with myocardial infarction was expressed as frustrating and nurses described how they were afraid to ask their colleagues.

Background: Patients with heart failure is a patient group growing in numbers, the most common treatment focuses on reliving symptoms and the only cure is heart transplantation. Objective: Aim of the study was to illuminate patients' experiences of living with heart failure at his home. Method: Qualitative design, with a manifest content analysis. The results are based on 12 scientific articles.  Results: Patients with heart failure find that the disease is limited to their daily lives through mental illness and physical symptoms.

Syfte: Undersöka sjuksköterskors och undersköterskors erfarenheter, upplevelser och syn påanhörigas närvaro i akutrummet i samband med omhändertagandet av en kritiskt sjuk ellerskadad patient. Metod: Empirisk studie med kvalitativ ansats. 16 semi-struktureradeintervjuer genomfördes. Resultat: Vårdpersonalen har delade meningar om anhörigas närvaropå akutrummet. Generellt tycks anhörigas närvaro upplevas som positivt så länge det handlarom en kritiskt sjuk eller skadad patient.

Bakgrund: Lag om psykiatrisk tvångsvård innebär att sjukvården har rätt att ta bort självbestämmanderätten från en individ om denne lider av en allvarlig psykisk störning. Restriktioner och tvångsåtgärder som tvångsmedicinering, avskiljning och fastspänning kan förekomma. Syfte: Syftet är att belysa hur patienter upplever tvångsåtgärder inom psykiatrisk vård. Metod: En allmän litteraturstudie baserad på 12 vetenskapliga artiklar med kvalitativ ansats. Antonovskys Känsla av sammahang har använts som teoretisk referensram.

This report addresses the growing need to adapt the medical healthcare to the new possibilities that can be accomplished by incorporating a web aspect to the personal treatment plans of patients. It describes what implementations that need to be considered in order to successfully convert to a partially web-based treatment.The report also reflects the potential economical gain that can be made by keeping the communication between the patient and the doctor frequent. It also takes into account the personal gain to the patient by increased feedback and easier ways to communicate with their attending physician and thereby increasing the quality of their healthcare and service.The construction of a prototype of the system required is also included in the report as a description of construction and functionality of the prototype along with results and estimated outcome..

Bakgrund: I Sverige har cirka 3-4 % av den vuxna befolkningen diabetes, varav cirka 80 % lider av typ 2 diabetes eller så kallad åldersdiabetes. Det är välkänt att personer med typ 2 diabetes behöver stöd och utbildning för att klara av att leva med sin sjukdom. En av diabetesteamets uppgifter är därför att stödja dessa personer på bästa sätt. Metod: Studien är en litteraturstudie med kvalitativ ansats. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa hur patienter med typ 2 diabetes upplever stödet från diabetesteamet.

Background:In Sweden there are several thousand surgical procedures performed every day. The treatment is expected to be efficient, profitable and safe. Despite that, complications occur in 3-16 % of the surgical procedures. To prevent this, WHO has developed a surgical safety checklist containing safety issues to give the surgery team an opportunity to a last control that everything has been properly done. The profession of the surgical nurse focuses mainly on patient safety especially regarding hygiene and sterility.Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate and describe the perceptions of the perioperative nurses regarding WHO: s surgical safety checklist.Method:To test the suitability of the method a pilot study was performed where tree operating room nurses were interviewed and the data was analyzed using qualitative content analysis.Results: Four categories emerged; Increased patient safety, enhanced team spirit, good planning, stronger professional role.Discussion: The result from the study showed positive perceptions regarding the surgical safety checklist, a fact known from earlier research.Conclusion: The results of the pilot study showed that surgical nurses had good support in their work when the surgical safety checklist was used..

AbstractBackgroundParkinson?s disease is a chronically not curable progressive disease that leads to different degrees of disability. Controlled studies on how patient education influences subjective health in Parkinson?s disease are lacking.AimThe aim of this study was to examine the influence patient education had on drug requirements and on subjective health status of persons with Parkinson?s disease.MethodologyA short form of Health Survey, SF-12, was used to measure perceived health. SF-12 was administered before and one month after patient education (intervention group; n= 48), and in waiting list control (n= 48).

ABSTRACTAim: The aim of this study is to chart the experiences of Swedish general psychiatric care on a Swedish University hospital from a relative?s point of view. The study focus on how they are meet, satisfaction with and participation in the care. The study is done as an improvement project.Methods: The study was conducted by performing semi-structured interviews with eight close relatives to patients on a general psychiatric ward. The interviews lasted for 20-40 minutes.Results: The result shows that relatives are satisfied with the way they are meet by the staff on the ward, that they appreciate staff that are open, down to earth and are inviting to form a good relationship.

This student report is about canine atopic dermatitis It includes a description of the immunologic mechanisms and how the reaction affects the body. The symptoms are various, most common is pruritus, erythema and alopecia and directly associated with the immunologic reaction. The diagnostic process includes symptoms, physical findings, differential diagnosis, intradermal test and serological test. The options of treatment are several and vary for each patient. The report includes hyposensitization, medical treatment such as corticosteroids, antihistamin and cyclosporine, topical treatment, fatty acid supplements and environmental treatment. The prognosis is individual for each patient due to their different response to the treatment. It may take a while to find the right combination of treatments to achieve satisfactory control of the disease..

Aim: The aim of this study was to describe intensive care nurses? experiences communicating with patients during mechanical ventilation.Methods/design: A qualitative interview study. Interviews where analyzed using descriptive content analysisSetting: Nine intensive care nurses from two different intensive care units were interviewed using a semi structured interview guide.Background: Past research has shown that patients during mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit, feel very vulnerable and the helplessness of being unable to speak. These patients feels that they are completely dependent on the nurses and their competence. It has been shown to be very important that the patient feels included, acknowledged and respected.Results: The analyzed data resulted in a theme; through communication strive to preserve patients´ dignity and three main categories; create relationship to the patient, minimize patients´ vulnerability and don´t give up.

Övervikt bland barn är ett utbrett folkhälsoproblem och att vara överviktig som barn är relaterat till övervikt också i vuxen ålder men även till följdsjukdomar. Syfte med denna litteratur studie var att erhålla kunskap om vad sjuksköterskor behöver kunna för att förebygga och minska fetma och övervikt hos barn. Granskning av elva vetenskapliga artiklar visade att sjuksköterskor bör ha kännedom av livsstils faktorerna som fysisk aktivitet, mat konsumtion och föräldrar rollen. Åtgärder så som patient undervisning, stödsamtal, motivation och empati torde vara omvårdnads åtgärdes som kan underlätta preventiv sjuksköterske arbete..