This bachelor thesis in Landscape Architecture is about the planning and design of public spaces in small towns in Sweden. My opinion is that the small towns often are overlooked and my determination is to see if that is right. The purpose with this thesis in Landscape Architecture, with focus on a durable society is to find the central public places in small towns and evaluate their function. This thesis has a focus on good design of central public spaces, designed for the inhabitants of the small towns. A small town, which is the focus of this thesis, is defined to have 200-2000 inhabitants. The small towns, which often are built around industries or the railway, have since the nineteen seventies a problem with people leaving them for the cities in the urbanization. Currently there is also the opposite trend with people moving out from the cities, but to live on the country side, not in the small towns.

SammanfattningBakgrund: Primär hjärntumör är den elfte vanligaste cancerformen i Sverige och varje år diagnostiseras drygt 1100 personer. Hjärntumörbesked förändrar individens grundläggande tillit i livet, och vanliga krisreaktioner är chock, förnekelse, rädsla och ångest inför framtiden och behandlingar. Faktorer som påverkar personens livsvärld är fysiska, psykiska och kognitiva samt sociala begränsningar. För att uppnå kunskap och förståelse om patienters upplevelse av levd värld måste vårdpersonalen uppmärksamma patientens dagliga tillvaro.Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa personers upplevelse av livet efter hjärntumörbesked.Metod: En kvalitativ litteraturstudie baserat på två självbiografiska böcker. Analysen grundas på Graneheim och Lundman beskrivning av manifest kvalitativ innehållsanalys med latent inslagResultat: I resultatet framkom det att känslomässiga upplevelser som krisreaktioner, rädsla och ångest var vanliga.

Telefonrådgivning via en sjuksköterska har funnits ända sedan 1930-talet men det är först de senaste åren som denna kompetens har erkänts som en egen specialitet. Inom vården sker allt fler möten mellan vårdgivare och vårdsökande via telefonen vilket leder till att allt högre krav ställs på sjuksköterskans yrkeskunnighet. Studiens syfte var att beskriva vad sjuksköterskor upplever vid telefonrådgivning till personer med psykiska problem. Metoden som använts i denna litteraturstudie var kvalitativ innehållsanalys med manifest och latent ansats. Resultatet baseras på 10 vetenskapliga artiklar där fyra kategorier framkom: trygghet, utsatthet, ett känsligt öra samt meningsfullhet.

This paper?s objective is to investigate whether Modigliani and Miller (MM) I & II proposition from 1958 with regard to capital structure, is still valid among public Swedish firms.We have chosen the 63 firms on the Stockholm Stock Exchange (OMX) that Affärsvärlden magazine?s general index (AFGX) has categorized as industrial firms. We based this selection on the assumption that these firms are relatively capital intense and have a clear focus on production and, therefore, mainly uses capital structure as a mean to finance their production and not as a means in itself.To be able to fully evaluate these firms we have calculated the current key ratios based each firm?s annual report. To make the figures comparable across the entire population we adjusted them to each firm?s turnover.The results we have reached concur with MM?s proposition I regarding capital structures independence of the firm value.

I denna rapport kan läsaren följa händelseförloppet med framtagningen av en fysisk mood-board med tillhörande grafisk manual. Läsaren kommer att få en allmän förståelse för hur det semantiska hos en produkt påverkar dess användare samt hur detta påverkar produktens resultat på marknaden. I projektet pressenteras en tämligen oanvänd metod som, kortfattat; syftar till att ta vara på en målgrupps specifika känslor om exempelvis en produkt för att göra denna mer optimerad. I detta projekt handlade det mer om att ta fram specifika strukturer vilka tillslut kom att leda till ett antal speciellt utvalda ytor och material åt företaget Tylö® AB. Materialet tillsammans med speciella ytor skall komma att skapa en mer elegant känsla i deras kommande sortiment.

Syfte: Att undersöka om sjuksköterskor på en akutmottagning upplever stress och tidsbrist och hur de då anser att det påverkar deras välmående. Metod: Kvalitativ intervjustudie där tolv semistrukturerade intervjuer utfördes  med sjuksköterskor som arbetade på ett universitetssjukhus akutmottagning.Intervjuerna transkriberades och analyserades med latent innehållanalys enligt Graneheim och Lundmans modell samt Aaron Antonovskys hälsomodell. Resultat: Sjuksköterskorna var eniga om att stress och tidsbrist tillhörde vardagen i deras arbete. Stress kunde vara både negativt och positivt beroende på om den var kronisk eller akut. Den kroniska stressen ansåg sjusköterskorna påverka deras välmående negativt, medans den akuta stressen kunde ha god effekt på välmåendet. Sjuksköterskorna upplevde ett välmående vid positiv känsla av sammanhang (KASAM, hanterbarhet, meningsfullhet och begriplighet). Hanterbarhet fanns när de hade kontroll över situationen.

The aim of this study was to evaluate different types of volume and taper equations that can be used to predict single-tree stem volume and stem diameter at any given height along the tree stem for plantation grown Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.), Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst) and White spruce (Picea glauca (Mounch) Voss) in Iceland. A number of published tree volume equations were tested and modified to predict the total stem volumes over bark but three logarithmic equations were taken for more in-depth analysis. Three taper equations were tested. Two variable-exponent equations (Kozak 1997, Kozak 2004) and one exponential equation described by Biging (1984). Data from a total of 617 sample trees were used in this study, collected from stands in various parts of the country and present different types of stands growing in different soil types and cover most of the site conditions suitable for forestry in Iceland.

COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) is one of the most widespread lung diseases today and is a growing cause for suffering and mortality worldwide. It is considered to be the third leading cause of death in the near future. Smoking is the most important risk factor for this disease and about 50% of smokers develop COPD. The purpose of this study was to mediate the experience of not being able to stop smoking described by persons diagnosed with mild or moderate COPD. The study involved five women and five men.

The aim of this masters thesis, based on discourse analysis and organization theory, is to study how individuals in different Swedish cultural organizations- and agencys are working with disaster preparedness.The purpose of this is to examine whether organizational structures affect different persons work, cooperation and practical application concerning disaster preparedness in collaboration with both external and internal organizations.The research shows that disaster preparedness are affected by priority issues as well as financial resources causing consequences for future work concerning this kind of issues.Another problem which is also examined and discussed in this thesis are the problematic approach to personal initiative which today is the leading operation for the organizations to deal with disaster preparedness instead of creating professional titles for the persons handles these complex issues..

The aim of this essay is trying to understand the ideological changing process over the last decades and the ideological meaning of the relatively new conception lifelong learning as well, and how it comes that the opportunities offered the individual pre-school child and the individual compulsory-school pupil to assimilate the so important learning, differs so dramatically all though the expressed ambition to offer each and every one equal opportunities. What are the ideological structures that are, and have been in function, that carries and have carried the perceptions of the use and value of fostering and education?In a time with the welfare ideology in a hegemonic position, it was seen important that the state took major responsibility for the education of the citizens. In our time, it appears, an economist ideology has taken the hegemonic position, and education is becoming an increasingly economic issue, and equality is decreasing along with, as in general society, the increasing of segregation within the educational system..

This thesis is a qualitative study of a new law that was applied in December 2010. The law is called Lagen om etableringsinsatser fo?r vissa nyanla?nda invandrare, and is meant to help newly arrived immigrants that come to Sweden to establish themselves in the Swedish society. The aim of the study is to see what discourses the Swedish government produces as a result of this new law. Interesting for the study is to see what happens in the implementation stage at a local level, in this case in the municipality of O?rnsko?ldsvik.Theoretically and methodologically I emanate from critical discourse theory and institutional theory.

This study is about an ongoing project in the northern parts of Sweden. Quattro Helix is used as a model for the interaction between four institutional members of the society, in purpose of challenging existing social structures and achieveing community development. The aim is to increase the knowledge about Quattro Helix-model as an approaching method to face the problems in the society through cooperation between Civil society, state, academy and industry. Interviews with eight project members were used as the data-collecting method to capture the perceptions about the project constellations. Information was gathered from two representatives from each of the four actors.

The need for snow-free surfaces at squares, bus stops, platforms, car parks and sports facilities increases and at the same time energy price rise and the environment is becoming a hotter issue. The construction of the ground heating systems often lack thermal insulation under the heating pipes, which means that the heat from the pipes not only warm up the soil surface but also heats the surrounding soil. The insulation also has more features, by insulating the risk of frost damage is minimized. The goal of this report is to demonstrate the large heat loss and energy costs in the absence of insulation under the heating system.The report begins with a scientific way to study and treating the soil heating system uses, and the theory involved. Furthermore it also deals with different routing principles of heat pipes depending on the facility.All calculations are made with so called finite element method (FEM), in COMSOL Multiphysics 3,5a, where models are created with different conditions.

The name of the study means ?The short arm - a study in diversity and arm?s length in the cultural collaboration model?. Right now there is a reform in the Swedish cultural administration where the responsibility for handing out state funds and grants to cultural organizations is changing from the state government to the local regional governments. The purpose of this study is to map the organisational changes caused by the reform and investigate how this affects the regional policies concerning cultural diversity and the arm?s length principle.

The aim of this thesis is to investigate how municipalities handle planning of megaprojects. The term megaproject here refers to a large project in terms of time, space, investments, numbers of agents etc. With an increasing importance of the phenomena the need of discussing the role local politics could take in this process is important.How do municipalities handle the difficulties that come with megaprojects and what roles do they take in their work with megaprojects? These empirical questions are tested on a case where the municipality of Lund works with the megaproject European Spallation Source (ESS). A theoretical question discusses the megaproject in the light of governance and government, and structures the analysis around these two important terms.Different parts of the municipality handle there part of the planning from there own logic.