The wastewater treatment plant at GE Healthcare's facility in Uppsala deployed a three step vacuum evaporator in 2007. The purpose of this was to pre-treat wastewater containing amines. The purpose of this thesis was to optimize thisprocess by reducing the amount of concentrate without releasing more nitrogen tothe environment and to examine if density could be used as a measurement of whenthe process should be ended.To create a foundation for optimization six test cycles were conducted with samples taken from all three steps. Both concentrate and condensate were tested as well as the incoming solution. Furthermore, the thesis has been expanded with a benchmarking part examining two different evaporators.

Energiflöden mellan terrestra och akvatiska ekosystem har uppmärksammats mycket den senaste tiden. I den här studien undersöker jag betydelsen av ett terrestert djur, älgen (Alces alces), som dör i vattendrag och avger näring till vattnet. Genom litteraturstudier och teoretiska beräkningar uppskattade jag hur vanligt det är att älgar dör i vattendrag och om dessa älgar har någon inverkan på vattendragets totala näringsbudget. Jag fann att drunkning hos älgar tas upp som en parameter för naturliga dödsorsaker i flera artiklar från USA, Canada och Polen. Orsakerna till att älgar drunknar, trots att de är duktiga simmare, kan vara t.ex.

The aim of this study was to describe preferences of geographic direction of ten, oak-living epiphytic lichen species and how they responded to sun exposure, nearby bushes and trees, bark fissure depth and circumference. The frequency of every species was recorded in arcs of ten degrees around the tree at a height of 130 to 180 cm above the ground. An estimation of the amount of every species in every arc was also recorded. To analyse how the distribution of the lichen species responded to the different factors their concentration for every tree was plotted against the four factors. The distribution of Cliostomum corrugatum had a positive response to high sun exposure and a negative response to a thick layer of bushes and trees.

This master thesis studies distributed navigation which isa function implemented in a future network based combat information system to improve the accuracy in navigation for combat vehicles in a mechanized battalion, above all in the event of loss of GPS. In the event of loss of the GPS the vehicles obtain dead reckoning performance through the backup system that consists of an odometer and a magnetic compass. Dead reckoning means a drift in the position that makes the accuracy in the navigation worse. The distributed navigation function uses position and navigation data with measurements between the vehicles to estimate the errors and uncertainties in positions, which are used to improve the accuracy in position for the vehicles. To investigate and demonstrate distributed navigation, a simulation environment has been produced in Matlab.

The study is quantitative and is about working men and women?s view of male and female leadership. The intention of the study is to see if the men and women have a different perception of male and female leadership and also if they have different personality types. The method used was a survey where the sample is 80 participants, 31 men and 49 women from four different companies. Previous research shows that the perception of male and female leadership can be different, and that the reason can be prejudices and beliefs.

The concerning issue of declining number of hunters in North America is also apparent in Europe and Sweden. When the bulk of research found on human dimensions and hunting participation has almost exclusively been done in the United States, this report seeks to add to the needed knowledge on a national level focusing on the causes of hunter declines related to social factors within Sweden. Using hunter data reaching from commune, county to National level, this report describes the correlation between a number of variables and the hunting participation in Sweden.The typical Swedish hunter lives in an area with low population density, the person usually has higher education, the living situation is stable with no recent moving and there is relatively good access to forest land. Persons with weaker connection to the Swedish culture such as foreign citizens, people with foreign background and people born outside ?the Nordic countries? are less likely to start hunt or participate in hunting.A strong relationship was found between the favorite game, moose (Alces alces), and the amount of hunters participating in the hunting.

A discussion regarding the alignment and measuring procedure of propeller shafts has arose due to the competing situation in the industry, and higher standards from the customers. An estimation of the deflection of shafts in different alignment situations has been made with help of FEM-analysis and beam theory. This has been analyzed and compared with the experience from Rolls-Royce AB suppliers of shafts. An evaluation of measuring protocols has been made and the result indicates that there is a correlation between the deflection of the shaft and the run out. Results from a measuring test performed by Balino, Spain, verifies this conclusion.

Under min utbildning till lärare i svenska som andraspråk kom jag i kontaktmed en undersökning som hävdade att flerspråkiga elevers texter iblandupplevs som tunna därför att de beskrivande partierna är få, och delvisinnehållsligt annorlunda jämfört med de beskrivande partierna i enspråkigaelevers texter.I scheman över utvecklingsgången i ett andraspråk framstår mängdenadjektiv i elevernas språk som en parameter med vilken man kan avläsa hurlångt eleverna kommit i sin språkutveckling. Jag ville därför undersöka omdet är bristen på adjektiv som gör att de flerspråkiga eleverna har färre ochmer glest spridda beskrivande partier i sina texter, vilket i så fall skullekunnat avhjälpas med adekvat undervisning om adjektivens betydelse fören text.Resultatet av min undersökning visar på, att det för de flerspråkigaelevernas del inte tycks vara så att adjektiven saknas i ordförrådet. Det ärvidare tveksamt om vi enbart med ledning av antalet adjektiv i en text kanavgöra hur tunn texten är.Min undersökning visar dock på ganska stora skillnader i andelenadjektiv i förhållande till antalet löpord i texten, jämfört med elevtexterskrivna på 1970- talet, vilket kan tyda på att det antingen har hänt någotmed det svenska skriftspråket eller, att det har hänt något med de svenskagymnasisterna..

This thesis deals with numerical simulation of earth pressure against tubular bridges in the software Plaxis. Plaxis is a FEM (Finite Element Method) software based on numerical calculations for which approximate solutions are developed through an iterative process. The program is specifically designed for soil and rock mechanical tests, such as voltage and deformation calculations in soil.The Royal Institute of Technology conducted in 2005, field tests on tubular bridges of corrugated steel, which was part of Ersa Bayoglu Fleners PhD (Bayoglu Flener, 2009). She studied how two different tubular bridges deformed during installation and filling. Tests and measurements were made during filling.

I have done a qualitative literature study, in which the data consisted of descriptions of drug abuse in ten social inquiry text documents (that also are applications for institutional care) concerning teenagers. Social welfare secretaries representing two social welfare offices in Malmö, has written the text documents. The purpose of this essay was to examine thedescriptions and, if possible, try to make out and describe stereotyped themes and patterns depending on gender. To obtain the purpose of this essay I searched for answers of the following three central questions:- What appears to be the social welfare secretary's purpose in describing the teenager's drug abuse?- How is the parameter gender related to the descriptions of drug abuse in the social inquiry text documents?- How are other possible gender-stereotyped descriptions of the teenager related to the descriptions of drug abuse?In the analysis of the descriptions, which where the foundation of the study, I found patterns in describing drug abuse depending on gender.

Volvo Cars Body Components i Olofström tillverkar karosskomponenter till Volvos personbilar. De senaste åren har produktionsvolymen ökat betydligt, samtidigt som hårda krav på rationaliseringar ställs inom koncernen. En parameter som skulle kunna minska kostnaderna och effektivisera produktionsflödet, är partistorlekarna i pressning. Idag är partistorlekarna anpassade efter några dagars kundbehov och man är oense om partistorlekarna tar hänsyn till om artikeln har ett högt styckvärde eller kräver små lagerutrymmen. I vår uppsats har vi använt oss av metodtriangulering, vilket innebär att vi har kombinerat ett kvalitativt och ett kvantitativt synsätt för att komma till vår slutsats.

This thesis approaches the problem of estimating the arm angles of an industrial robot with flexibilities in joints and links. Due to cost-cutting efforts in the industrial robots industry, weaker components and more cost-effective structures have been introduced which in turn has led to problems with flexibilities, nonlinearities and friction. In order to handle these challenging dynamic problems and achieve high accuracy this study introduces state observers to estimate the tool position.The observers use measurements of the motor angles and an accelerometer and the different evaluated observers are based on an Extended Kalman Filter and a deterministic variant. They have been evaluated in experiments on an industrial robot with two degrees of freedom. The experimental verification shows that the state estimates can be highly accurate for medium frequency motions, ranging from 3-30Hz.

Bakgrund: När ledningen för ett bygg- och fastighetsföretag tar beslut om ett nytt projekt ska genomföras måste företaget ta hänsyn till en mängd olika aspekter. Företaget måste ta ett investeringsbeslut som innefattar överväganden om hur risk och förväntad avkastning i ett projekt ska bedömas. Bostadsinvesteringar är förenade med en mängd osäkerheter och svårbedömda risker i framtiden. Problemformulering: Företag som investerar ?och har en betydande del av sin verksamhet uppbunden? i olika projekt, bör se riskhantering som en möjlighet att allokera och därigenom minimera sina risker, däribland sina finansiella risker.

The aim of this work is to develop new conceptual designs for the fairings that are situated between the fin and the rear fuselage on the new version of the JAS 39 Gripen aircraft, called the Gripen E/F. The designs presented should show a profit in the form of lower weight. To achieve weight loss, the possibilities of using other construction materials other than those which are available at Saab today were studied. Therefore, a material survey was carried out in which the market for modern construction materials was studied to get an idea of today?s level of technology.

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka om, och i så fall hur folkhögskolans huvudmanpåverkar skolans musiklinjer. Centralt i studien är huvudmännens ideologiska grundsyn elleravsaknaden av den samme. Alla folkhögskolor står under en huvudman och det är en viktigparameter för folkhögskolornas existens. Huruvida huvudmännens ideologiska grundsynkommer till uttryck och påverkar folkhögskolor har debatterats hårt i folkhögskolans historia.Däremot är forskningen kring ämnet mycket begränsad vilket har gjort arbetet med studienextra spännande. För att undersöka hur det ser ut i dag har vi besökt fyra svenskafolkhögskolor med olika huvudmän.