The natural sciences and the humanities are associated with differentpublishing patterns. Open Access publishing are mainly associated withthe publishing patterns of the natural sciences. Many Swedishuniversities and research funders are proponents of Open Accesspublishing, what will that trend mean to the scholars with a publishingpattern not corresponding to Open Access? In this paper literary scholarsare interviewed for the purpose of learning the motives and strategieswhich form their publishing pattern, and how they relate to Open Accesspublishing. The results show that literary scholars are less competitiveand hold a more gentle knowledge-sharing ideal, than natural scientists.The drive to gain acknowledgment and the recognition of colleagues inorder to collect academic capital as Bourdieu describes the academicfield is still present though.

Syftet med detta arbete är att studera utomhusundervisning inom biologiämnet i grundskolans senare år. Arbetet syftar även till att fastställa Ekobussens roll i utomhusundervisningen. Frågeställningarna lyder som följande:?Vilken inställning har lärare till utomhusundervisning inom biologi??Vad finns det för fördelar och nackdelar med utomhusundervisning??Vad får elever ut av utomhusundervisning??Hur använder sig lärare av Ekobussen och vilken inställning har de till den?För att få svar på dessa frågor genomfördes en enkätundersökning med lärare och elever samt djupintervjuer av tre lärare.Resultatet i undersökningen visar att både lärare och elever anser att utomhusundervisning inom biologiämnet inte bedrivs i tillräcklig utsträckning. Orsaker till detta är bland annat osäkerhet hos lärare, brist på bra exkursionsplatser i närområdet samt att det är schematekniskt svårt att få tid att komma ut.Undersökningen visar att de stora fördelarna med utomhusundervisning inom biologi är att eleverna anser sig koppla teoretisk och praktisk kunskap samman samt att många sinnen stimuleras vilket underlättar inlärningen..

Friluftsliv täcker en stor del av det centrala innehållet i Lgr11 i ämnet idrott och hälsa. Syftet med undersökningen är att få en bild av idrottslärarnas syn på, och vision med friluftsverksamheten i skolan, hur den egentligen ser ut samt vad lärarna anser behövs för att visionerna ska uppfyllas. Frågeställningarna är därför: Hur uppfattar lärarna att friluftsundervisningen ser ut i skolan idag? Vad är lärarnas vision av friluftsundervisningen? Vad behövs enligt lärarna göras för att visionerna ska uppfyllas?Undersökningen har genomförts genom fyra semistrukturerade intervjuer med idrottslärare som arbetar på högstadiet. Dessa har sedan transkriberats och analyserats.

Most companies and organizations today depend on technology connected to the Internet. Schools and offices have therefore been providing computers, phones and other technology to the employees. The recent technological development and decline in prices for technology have contributed to making these products a part of everyday life for most people. This has made it very common for employees and students to bring their own devices into school and workplaces.The aim of this study is to define what "Bring your own device" means for Swedish companies and organizations and how it has been implemented in those. The aim is not mainly to generalize to all Swedish companies but create an understanding how the trend is used to provide a basis for continued research in this area.

This bachelor degree project was carried out at Saab AB Service and Repair, Arboga, Sweden. The objective was to design, construct and implement a new stable and reliable method of measuring the continuous vertical displacement (height) of the military search radar PS861 mounted on a hydraulic powered elevator. The end product needs to be durable enough to be fully operational in the harsh environment of an outdoor elevator shaft and yet as accurate and precise as possible since one of its purposes is to calibrate control equipment. Previously used technique has proven not to meet any of the above mentioned properties.A prototype using a high resolution quadrature output rotary encoder has been developed, allowing a completely digital interface. This new method has been evaluated in laboratory environment where tests have been conducted regarding both reliability and validity.

The first regulation concerning the protection of shores was introduced in 1950. The purpose of that regulation was to "secure the general publics condition of an outdoor life". The protection has been sharpened over the years and in 1975 a general protection of the shores was introduced, which meant that all land was protected within 100 meters from the shoreline. In 1994 a supplement was made with the purpose to "preserve good conditions for animal and plants on land and in water". The Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) did an inquiry of the shore protection regulations commissioned by the Government in 2001. The inquiry pointed out that there were big lacks in the exemption decisions.

Vad är val? Är de val vi har våra egna? Spelutvecklare idag kämpar med spelares fria vilja då detta kan orsaka problem. Till exempel när spelare gör val som spelutvecklare inte har räknat med, vilket som följd kan skapa frustration hos båda parter. Problemet med spelares oförutsägbarhet i sina val är något som spelutvecklare ständigt har försökt lösa. Idag finns det flera tekniker som syftar till att diskret manipulera möjligheten till val inom spel och samtidigt låta spelare vara ovetande om detta.

Summary The place I have been working with is a garden, belonging to a family estate, called Tolvmansgården. It is located on an island northeast of Norrtälje in Roslagen. The frontage is red with white corners like so many other houses in the neighbourhood, but ours is one of the oldest houses on the island. Today the house and garden is own by my mother, Pia Johansson. Since I?ve started my education in garden design my interest for our country garden has increased.

In the year 2002 a commission wasappointed by the government and taskedto clear up possible flaws in the lawgoverning spatial planning (Plan ochbygglagen, PBL). The commission's reportlaid the foundations for a new law whichwas adopted by the Swedish parliament onthe 20th of June 2010 and is scheduledto come into effect on the 2nd of May2011.The purpose of this thesis has been toexamine the changes made in the new law,primarily from a civil-rights point ofview, focusing on the appeal process.This is a highly interesting subjectconsidering one reason behind the newlaw was to simplify and streamline theplanning process while keeping civilrights intact.Through a comprehensive literature studyand interviews with experts the currentplanning process was mapped out andrelevant changes in the new law wereexamined. After the study had beenconcluded we were able to distinguishseveral areas that underwent especiallyinteresting changes;The requirement of a plan program wasremoved and the exhibition process wasremoved and replaced by a writtenreview. Individuals were given thepossibility of requesting a plan notice.The different spatial plan documentswere merged into one single document andthe number of responsible authoritiesfor spatial plans is no longer limitedto one.The study has shown that the aspirationfor a more effective spatial planningprocess has mostly been conducted at theexpense of individual rights.The single biggest obstacle forachieving a democratic planning processis learning how the law works and howthe spatial planning process isimplemented, this is has been proven tobe a very hard and time consuming taskfor individuals to undertake..

The main goal of this project was to develop some sort of a diverter for pipestransporting waste in a vacuum system. This unit was supposed to be both cheap andeasy to serve/exchange worn out parts. With a limited space to install the pipeexchanger, the challenge was to keep it as compact as possible without constructingbends with to small radius or to sharp angles as this would wear out the system a lotfaster than planned. The system was also supposed to be able to handle clothes andscrubs from hospitals. Having too much sharp edges or angles would tear the clothesapart.

The aim of this master?s thesis is to investigate how adults describe their individual reading experiences, on the basis of their own reflections by keeping a reading diary. Reading diaries kept during two months and a qualitative questionnaire for each of our nine motivated and advanced adult readers, were analyzed by using qualitative content analysis. The study was carried out on the Internet. The theoretical framework that served as a point of departure is Ross? and Chelton?s model for the process of choosing a book to read for pleasure, Nussbaum?s moral philosophy and thesis ?Reading for life? and Mukar?ovský?s theory of the aesthetic value.

Marine heatwaves (MHW) have become increasingly common in recent decades due to greenhouse gas emissions that have caused climate change. A marine heatwave is when the sea surface temperature rises, which damage many different ecosystems in the sea. One ecosystem that is sensitive to temperature changes is tropical coral reefs, which are at risk of bleaching during marine heatwaves. Coral bleaching is when its symbionts leave the coral and they lose their color, while also starving to death as they lose their food source. The purpose of this report was therefore to investigate what the connection between marine heatwaves and coral bleaching looks like, and to see if there are any geographical differences.

The research in question examines whether a newspaper benefits from its activity on the Internet and if so - how. Today, the morning press is relatively stable, but tendencies show that there?s a decrease amongst regular readers. The extension of this may jeopardize the position of the morning newspapers in the market and several newspapers choose to publish their content on the Internet. An Internet activity is foremost about keeping the position in the market, not to make an economical profit, and to compete at the same terms with free newspapers and news sites.

I denna litteraturstudie undersöks det populära örtpreparatet munkpeppar och dess användningsområden inom hästvärlden. Idag administreras munkpeppar till problemston hos vilka det sägs minska brunstbeteende. Det försäljs även till hästägare vars hästar lider av Cushing's sjukdom där växten påstås lindra symptomen. Munkpeppar har i in vitro försök visats ha dopaminerg, opioidagonistisk och viss östrogen effekt. Det är den dopaminerga effekten i adenohypofysen man vill åt vid behandling av problemston och hästar med Cushing's sjukdom.

Vegetation is a much appreciated element in our outdoor environment that has many advantages as well for the climate as for people?s health. However in some types of environments vegetation may be problematic. Especially in urban areas with limited space, solid surfaces, pollutions, and warm and dry climate. In these environments vegetations may have difficulty surviving and moreover it may have a negative impact on the environment around it.