Infertilitet är ett globalt hälsoproblem och 15 % av par i fertil ålder lider av ofrivillig barnlöshet.En del av infertila par genomgår infertilitetsbehandling men behandlingen leder inte alltid tillbarnafödande. Syftet med den här studien var att öka kunskaper om kvinnors upplevelser avmisslyckad infertilitetsbehandling genom att syntetisera resultaten av tidigare kvalitativa studierinom området. Metoden metasyntes användes i studien. För att hitta relevanta artiklar användesdatabaserna ``Pub Med`` och ``Scopus``. Åtta artiklar som svarade mot syftet valdes ut.

Fjärrvärmebranschen i Sverige har sedan mitten av 1990-talet varit i en stagnationsfas, där mängden producerad och förbrukad energi i stort sett varit konstant, trots stora investeringar i fjärrvärmenätet. Samtidigt har den höga andelen återvinning gjort att det råder brist på avfallsbränsle till energiåtervinning i Sverige. I kombination med hög konkurrens om avfallsbränslet har detta medfört att aktörerna på marknaden tvingats se sig om efter nya vägar att tillfredsställa behovet av bränsle, vilket lett till att det idag importeras stora mängder avfall för energiåtervinning från utlandet. Vid Vattenfalls fjärrvärmeverk i Uppsala har det mellan åren 2006-2013 återvunnits i snitt drygt 360 000 ton avfall per år. En stor del av detta hämtas in från lokala kunder, både kommuner och privata aktörer, men man har på senare tid även behövt börja importera avfall för att tillfredsställa energibehovet.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the different substrates that enter the digestion on Sundet wastewater treatment plant for production of biogas.This work have done an analysis of data about the biogasproduction from January 2012 to feburari 2013, this showed that the food substrates has a greater gas production than internal sludge.Through laboratory test the VS, TS and COD values for all the substrates used in the biogas production could be determinded. But the COD-method was less optimal for analysis of fat and food, therefore it optimized the method for fat but due to time constraints, this could not be done on the food substrates..

This master theses deals with different methods for automatic tuning of the existing controller for external axis. Three methods for automatic tuning have been investigated. Two of these are based on the manuell method used today. The third method is based on optimal placement of the dominant poles. Different sensitivity functions are important for this method.

Vi har i denna uppsats diskuterat och belyst hur den optimala vägledningen skulle kunna se ut. Anledningen till detta är att vi planerar att starta ett eget företag inom vägledning och vi har genom detta examensarbete lagt grunden till en affärsidé kring hur vårt företag i framtiden kan arbeta med studie- och yrkesvägledning. Detta har vi gjort genom intervjuer med studie- och yrkesvägledare på Infoteket och Malmö högskola samt intervjuer med sökande som varit och besökt dessa verksamheter. Vi har kommit fram till att varken Malmö högskola eller Infoteket bedriver det som vi efter denna uppsats anser vara den optimala vägledningen. Verksamheterna har inte någon möjlighet att individanpassa vägledningen på ett sådant sätt att vi kallar det optimalt, de väljer ibland att inte klargöra ramar och samtalsinnehåll för de sökande dessutom känner de sökande ibland att de inte satt igång någon process överhuvudtaget när de gått därifrån.

Aim & Questions at issueThe aim of our study is to study how special teachers/special educationalists in schools of Stockholm look at the phenomenon ADHD/DAMP. We have looked into their view on the diagnose, compared to the two different kinds of research visions about the diagnosis who are known in Sweden today. How do the special teacher/special educationalist work with the diagnosed children?This is our questions at issue:? Is there any optimal learning situation for children with ADHD/DAMP?? Is there something that distinguish all children with ADHD/DAMP?? What is positive and negative about giving the diagnose ADHD/DAMP to children?? Is there any external factors that influence that there is so many more children today who has been given a diagnose?? How does special teachers/special educationalists look on amfetamin-treatment?MethodWe have done qualitative interviews with special teachers/special educationalists in the city area of Stockholm. These have been worked up one by one and then been compared and evaluated together.ResultAll special teachers/special educationalists mentioned that when you educate children with ADHD/DAMP, a structured life underlies the possibility for the children to provide knowledge.

Ternary codes for unequal error protection is a part of a communication system where different parts of the information to be transmitted can receive different amount of error protection. There are a lot of applications where the channel conditions fluctuate so that reliable or acceptable communication can not be guaranteed. Regardless whether the fluctuations of the channel are intentional or not the idea is to let the coderate decrease so that the error correcting capability can increase for the part of the information to be more protected. By using the support, the nonzero positions of the ternary code, a new binary code can be extracted with properties different from the ternary code in the sense of cardinality and minimum Hamming distance. When the channel conditions are good the receiver decodes the message using ternary decisions and receives all information included in the codeword.

SammanfattningSyftet: att utifrån litteraturen beskriva föräldrars och syskons erfarenheter då ett barn i familjen får diagnosen cancer. Metod: En beskrivande litteraturstudie som baserades på 11 vetenskapliga artiklar med kvalitativ ansats och en vetenskaplig artikel med både kvalitativ och kvantitativ ansats. Litteratursökning genomfördes i databaserna Medline via Pubmed och Cinahl. Huvudresultat: Barnets cancerdiagnos påverkade hela familjen. Föräldrarnas parrelation förändrades, friska syskon kände sig utanför och upplevde förändringar i relationen till det sjuka barnet.

The parallel bars is used in physical therapy and is mainly used for patients who have to train walking and balance after a stroke or an operation. It consists of two long handrails with two legs on each handrail. These legs go down into two ground-plates and are locked at the wanted height with a pin. The parallel bars is an appreciated device and is used on a daily basis in many care units.The main issue with the manual parallel bars is that it is very difficult and heavy for a single person to adjust the height of it. If a larger adjustment of the height has to be done, the legs have to be adjusted one at a time otherwise the they will be locked.

A common goal in practical forest management is to maximize the yield, measured in economical terms. When a forest stand is thinned a so called inoptimality loss can arise due to non-optimal decisions. This means that the selected management schedule results in a lower net present value than the optimal one which lowers the profitability for the forest owner. Holmen Skog uses the term tract which means an aggregation of stands made before a management action. A tract should be delineated in different tract parts in connection with pre-thinning planning if there is different bearing capacity within the tract, different thinning grades should be used or if the tract contains a weaker part that should not be thinned.

This thesis concerns waste management on construction sites and was conducted on behalf of ICA Fastigheter.Areas of concern:How can an environmentally-efficient waste management system on construction sites be defined? What potential exists for exploiting the waste resources that are generated?How can the waste management be optimised by reducing the quantity of waste and by optimal sorting?How can the client of a project influence the waste management?The purpose of the work was to investigate sustainable waste management in the building and construction sector and to highlight waste as a resource from an environmental and economic perspective.The aim of the work was to define an environmentally-efficient waste management system, to analyse the potential that exists in waste management and to draw up guidelines for optimal waste management.The method consisted of a literature study, two visits to construction sites and four interviews.An environmentally-efficient waste management system means that the waste is managed in the following order of priority:Prevention     Reuse  Recycling     Energy recoveryLandfill     The prevention of waste is an important area that has not been adequately explored by the building and construction industry. The quantities of waste could decrease with the implementation of measures such as ordering materials in the dimensions required, prefabricated components, logistics centres with Just-In-Time deliveries, less and improved packaging and less wrapping. The reuse of waste materials and temporary apparatus as well as the use of a return pallet system are examples of reuse that reduces the quantities of waste.In most cases the source sorting work is a matter of course and the proportion going to landfill is down at a low level. The source sorting can be optimised by sorting all materials that can be reused and recycled to use them as a resource.

New innovation and technology have influenced the development of product development processes and the four largest banks in Sweden have more or less been forced to adapt their products and services along new customer requirements. It may therefore be considered appropriate to involve customers in this process. This by collecting customer information and allow customers to influence the process to a greater extent. The payment solutions of Sweden?s largest banks' continue to evolve and to pay with electronic money has come to change banks' product development processes of payment solutions.

Yahtzee is a popular dice game around the world. The complexity makes the game interesting to play and analyze. This report compares the effectiveness of the mathematically optimal strategy with a strategy that can be used for casual play. The rules used are those of the Nordic variant Yatzy, in which a few but important rules are different from the American Yahtzee. To evaluate the everyday strategy 100,000 games was simulated in a java program written specifically for this purpose.

The euthropthication of the Baltic Sea is a threat that is beginning to be taken seriously by the governments concerned. In Sweden, regulations concerning the allowed nitrogen (N) concentration in the effluent water from wastewater treatment plants are being tightened up. The Rimbo wastewater treatment plant has been imposed to reduce the annual mean concentration of total N in the effluent water to levels below 15 mg l-1. A more and more common way to reduce the nitrogen level in wastewater is to let the water pass through a wetland. This study investigates the possibility to build this kind of wetland at the outlet of the Rimbo wastewater treatment plant.A prestudy of the topography, soil characteristics and groundwater flow indicates that the land area in question is well suited for the construction of a wetland.

Omvårdnad och kommunikation ligger varandra nära eftersom mötet är centralt för sjuksköterskan. För att kommunikationen ska bli optimal och de inblandade ska förstå varandra krävs det att parterna står på samma grund och talar samma språk. Genom att använda sig av verbal och icke verbal kommunikation får sjuksköterskan möjlighet att se till helheten, patienten kan på så vis få möjlighet att dela med sig av upplevelser av sitt lidande. Den höga arbetsbelastningen på en akutmottagning kan påverka vårdrelationen negativt. Syftet med studien var att belysa patientens upplevelse av mötet med sjuksköterskan på en akutmottagning för att öka kunskapen om vikten av att skapa ett unikt möte.