The aim of my study is to investigate how last year students in upper secondary schoolunderstand certain mathematical concepts, in particular the unit circle and its trigonometry.I have used intentional analysis to interpret student?s actions when they solve certain tasks onthe basis of a cognitive, situated and cultural context.Interviews with four university teachers in mathematics about the unit circle, trigonometry,and mathematical understanding, serve both as background for the study and as basis for adiscussion, where I relate students understanding to what the teachers want new students toknow about these concepts when they begin university studies in mathematics.The students were arranged in three groups with three students in each group. Each group waspresented with two tasks, one in which they were asked to calculate the cosine values for onepointed, one blunt and one straight angle, each located in a separate triangle. They were alsoasked to decide whether the points (0,71; 0,71) and d (1 2 , 3 2 ) are located on the unit circleor not.My conclusion is that students mainly have an operational conception of the unit circle andtrigonometry. The lack of structural conceptions result in difficulties in seeing connectionsbetween the concepts in unfamiliar situations.

Uppsatsen syftar till att undersöka hur controllerns roll ser ut i ett stort tjänsteföretag samt hur denna samverkar med chefer på den operativa nivån. Vidare studeras även vilket inflytande controllern har på den operativa nivåns arbete.  Studien bygger på intervjuer med controllern och ekonomidirektören på PayEx Solutions, ett företag som utvecklar elektroniska betalningslösningar. Därutöver har en enkätundersökning besvarats av chefer på den operativa nivån inom företaget.Controllerns uppgifter är inte väldefinierad i litteraturen och den har idag många olika arbetsuppgifter beroende på vilket företag som den är verksam i. De olika förväntningarna personer inom en organisation har på controllern påverkar också controllerns roll.

In Sweden there is no legal regulation for the obligations and responsibilities between the contracting parties within the construction, civil engineering and installation sector. To clarify uncertainties regarding the liability, actors from theses sectors have agreed upon a voluntary regulation, called the General Conditions of Contract.When insurance companies want to enter the Swedish construction insurance market, they face a regulatory framework that not only regulates the construction market, it also imposes requirements on terms and conditions that must be included in the construction insurance. These terms are perceived as ambiguities and create difficulties and inhibit the ability for these insurance companies to offer competitive insurances. One of the terms that create these difficulties is the guarantee period, which is period of time starting from handing over the construction project to the employer, during this period the contractor still has the responsibility for the construction project. The guarantee period regulated by the General Condition of Contracts differs from the international use of the term both in length and in content.

Blodtrycksförändringar hos skiftarbetare?Enligt den forskning som bedrivits under många år är skiftarbete förenat med en rad effekter på hälsan, däribland hjärt-kärlsjukdomar. Risken med skiftarbete är den förändring av dygnsrytm, och därigenom den biologiska klockan, som sker. Människans dygnsrytm har följts med ett stort antal variabler, bland annat blodtryck.Projektet syftade till att se om blodtrycksbilden skiljer sig mellan skift och dagarbete. De blodtrycksförändringar som mättes var medelblodtryck och blodtryckssänkning under sömn.

In a world characterized by increasing sustainability challenges, organizations are continuously facing new demands; creating new requirements of change management and incorporation of new strategic decisions. Today, organizations are responding to the emergence of new sustainability directives and regulations at a EU level, whence the latest sustainability framework CSRD (Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive), becomes particularly relevant. Companies are therefore facing the challenge of integrating strategic management in their navigation, preparation and maneuvering of new directives; a transition that requires new strategic decisions and adaptations. The purpose of this study is to qualitatively examine how CSRD affects organizations in terms of corporate changes, operational adaptations and strategic decisions, as well as what capabilities are essential to incorporate. The study also aims to investigate relevant challenges and opportunities associated with the new directive.

Denna intervjustudie syftar till att belysa behandlares erfarenheter av och uppfattningar om särskilda faktorer som påverkar behandlingsutfall hos ungdomar inom tvångsvården. Syftet innebär även att få kunskap kring hur behandlare resonerar om hur de förhåller sig till olika faktorer i behandlingsarbetet. Studien bygger på en hermeneutisk ståndpunkt och en kvalitativ ansats. Semistrukturerade intervjuer har gjorts med sex behandlare som arbetar inom ungdomsvården. Resultatet har tolkats utifrån teorin om risk- och skyddsfaktorer, behovsprincipen och responsivitetsprincipen.

The aim of my study is to investigate how last year students in upper secondary schoolunderstand certain mathematical concepts, in particular the unit circle and its trigonometry.I have used intentional analysis to interpret student?s actions when they solve certain tasks onthe basis of a cognitive, situated and cultural context.Interviews with four university teachers in mathematics about the unit circle, trigonometry,and mathematical understanding, serve both as background for the study and as basis for adiscussion, where I relate students understanding to what the teachers want new students toknow about these concepts when they begin university studies in mathematics.The students were arranged in three groups with three students in each group. Each group waspresented with two tasks, one in which they were asked to calculate the cosine values for onepointed, one blunt and one straight angle, each located in a separate triangle. They were alsoasked to decide whether the points (0,71; 0,71) and d (1 2 , 3 2 ) are located on the unit circleor not.My conclusion is that students mainly have an operational conception of the unit circle andtrigonometry. The lack of structural conceptions result in difficulties in seeing connectionsbetween the concepts in unfamiliar situations.

The aim of my study is to investigate how last year students in upper secondary schoolunderstand certain mathematical concepts, in particular the unit circle and its trigonometry.I have used intentional analysis to interpret student?s actions when they solve certain tasks onthe basis of a cognitive, situated and cultural context.Interviews with four university teachers in mathematics about the unit circle, trigonometry,and mathematical understanding, serve both as background for the study and as basis for adiscussion, where I relate students understanding to what the teachers want new students toknow about these concepts when they begin university studies in mathematics.The students were arranged in three groups with three students in each group. Each group waspresented with two tasks, one in which they were asked to calculate the cosine values for onepointed, one blunt and one straight angle, each located in a separate triangle. They were alsoasked to decide whether the points (0,71; 0,71) and d (1 2 , 3 2 ) are located on the unit circleor not.My conclusion is that students mainly have an operational conception of the unit circle andtrigonometry. The lack of structural conceptions result in difficulties in seeing connectionsbetween the concepts in unfamiliar situations.

The aim of my study is to investigate how last year students in upper secondary schoolunderstand certain mathematical concepts, in particular the unit circle and its trigonometry.I have used intentional analysis to interpret student?s actions when they solve certain tasks onthe basis of a cognitive, situated and cultural context.Interviews with four university teachers in mathematics about the unit circle, trigonometry,and mathematical understanding, serve both as background for the study and as basis for adiscussion, where I relate students understanding to what the teachers want new students toknow about these concepts when they begin university studies in mathematics.The students were arranged in three groups with three students in each group. Each group waspresented with two tasks, one in which they were asked to calculate the cosine values for onepointed, one blunt and one straight angle, each located in a separate triangle. They were alsoasked to decide whether the points (0,71; 0,71) and d (1 2 , 3 2 ) are located on the unit circleor not.My conclusion is that students mainly have an operational conception of the unit circle andtrigonometry. The lack of structural conceptions result in difficulties in seeing connectionsbetween the concepts in unfamiliar situations.

The purpose of this essay was to examine whether there were any differences in social workers way of investigating boys and girls, age 13-15. The main questions we wanted to answer were; which were the factors that the social workers focused on? Did the investigations lead to a measure and if so, which one? How were risk and protection factors described and ana-lysed?To answer our questions we read and analyzed 22 reports, written by social workers 2004 at the department for teenagers and families at a social welfare service in Sweden. We came to the conclusion that there were some differences, but these were few and not extensive. Recreational activities was mentioned in a higher degree in the boys reports while health, housing conditions and network were mentioned more often in the girl´s reports.

With this paper we intend to investigate what kind of benefits there are by adding commodity futures to a well-diversified portfolio. Since the last fifteen years the commodity speculation has grown tremendously, which partially can be explained by that commodities exposes the investor to certain factors other than an investment in equities. According to our calculations the commodity futures have outperformed stocks during our research period, which partially could be explained by the increasing demand of physical commodities in developing countries e.g. India & China (Akey, 2005). By constructing different portfolios consisting of equities and corporate bonds we could investigate whether our portfolios will benefit from commodity futures and how this will vary over different levels of risk.

This diploma work covers an investigation over the heat - and hot water systems of thetenant-owner's association, Bogården. The heat - and hot water needs of Bogården aresatisfied by both district heating as well as three heat pumps. Implemented investigationshows that the heat pumps are not used in a profitable way. Apart from that, the reservepossibilities are small. There is also a risk of the growth of Legionella bacterium in thehot water system.Since the heat pumps are already installed, HSB-Gävleborg (responsible for Bogården)has a wish to investigate possible proposed actions for optimization of existing plant.After completed investigation, a new proposed action is presented.

Att vara förälder till ett barn med kolik kan innebära stora påfrestningar och risk för ohälsa för hela familjen. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva föräldrars upplevelser av att ha ett barn med kolik. I litteraturstudien analyserades åtta kvalitativa studier med kvalitativ innehållsanalys med manifest ansats. Detta resulterade i fyra kategorier; att den första tiden med barnet inte blev som förväntat, att känna rädsla inför att förlora kontrollen och skada sitt barn, att försöka klara av att vara förälder, att behöva stöd och avlastning under barnets kolikperiod. Det otröstbara barnet gör att föräldrarna upplever sig otillräckliga i sin föräldraroll, transitionen till föräldrablivandet försvåras liksom anknytningen till barnet.

Det råder en ökad tendens för den svenska småspararen att diversifiera sin aktieportfölj efter eget behag så att andelen obligationer och aktier tillsammans med utländska värdepapper och derivat kan ge maximal avkastning i förhållande till risk. Ett förekommande problem är dock att hitta rättvisa mått, matematiska och ekonomiska, som visar den korrekta bilden av en tillgångs utveckling i förhållande till marknadsportföljen varpå det krävs en förståelse för hur en tillgång eller en portfölj rör sig rent matematiskt. Utvalda aktier och obligationer ska avläsas ur måtten kovarians, korrelation, effektivitet och volatilitet och sedan ska resultatet ställas mot att enbart ha analyserat betavärdet för portföljen för att komma fram till lämpliga matematiska uttryck när man analyserar den diversifierade aktie/obligationsportföljen för en person med begränsad finansiell kunskap. Risken med urholkad valuta i utländska aktietransaktioner samt två olika optionsstrategier kommer också att redovisas rent grafiskt i studien för att visa utökade avkastningsmöjligheter..

The object with this work was to create a simple feeding program for beef cows. Another object was that I could learn more about the properties and functions of Excel and Visual Basic. I used parts of a program I designed a few years ago. This old program was neither user friendly nor had it an appealing layout. Initially I decided how I wanted the new program to appear and on which foundation it should be built. I designed various forms into a spread sheet, such as lists and multiple choice buttons. Using VBA (Visual Basic for Application) I could create macros, which used the information chosen in the lists and with the multiple choices to calculate the feeding requirement or the feeding plan.