The 1900s saw two incidents of states using their military in civil disorder situations, which resulted in the killing of unarmed citizens. May 14, 1931 in Ådalen, marks a significant part of Swedish history and its view of the use of military force.  On that day, a peaceful protest march escalated, which resulted in live firing by the military stationed there to uphold law and order. This resulted in the deaths of five civilians and the prohibition of the use of military force in incidents of civil disorder. In 1972 in Northern Ireland a similar event took place on January 30, which is commonly known as Bloody Sunday. The Troubles were raging and resulted in protests for civil rights by nationalists.

Botanist Kjell-Arne Olsson inventoried the plant fen ragwort Senecio paludosus 1983 in Scania andfound a big number of locations within Biosphere Reserve Kristianstad Vattenrike. In 2012, a reinventoryof the 1983 survey was carried out to study whether there has been any change in the fenragwort population in Kristianstad Vattenrike since the last inventory. The results show that therehas been no overall change in the number of fen ragwort in Kristianstad Vattenrike, on certainpremises they have increased in number while in others they have fallen. However, the inventoryshows that almost half of the locations with fen ragwort have disappeared during the same period.The main reason for this is that fen ragwort did not manage to competitive with other vegetation,taking in consideration this has been smaller premises with young plants. In addition to competitionother factors such as prolonged high water, grazing and caterpillars from Tyria jacobaeaecontributed to the decrease.

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are great candidates for composite materials. The reasons why CNCs are such attractive materials for them are due to their great mechanical properties, high aspect ratio and low density. On the other hand, hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a kind of calcium phosphate and a main component of bones and teeth. The purpose of the present study is to make oriented nano-sized composites with CNC and HAp. Although some researchers carried out to make CNC composites with HAp for biomedical materials, nano-sized and oriented ones haven?t been achieved yet.

In Sweden there are 1894 small-scale hydropower plants in operation, which together generate 4.3 TWh of electricity per year according to Swedish hydropower compound (SVKF, 2011). This corresponds to the annual consumption of about 860,000 Swedish households (based on an annual consumption of 5000 kWh). In the mid-1950s there were around 4000 small-scale hydropower plants in operation in Sweden before cheap fossil fuels and uranium competed with them, in the current situation only 1,894 of these are in use. If slumbering small hydropower plants once again would be taken into use and some new ones are built, we would be able to extract about 7 TWh of renewable electricity from these annually in Sweden, representing about 1.4 million households.The thesis intends to calculate and construct a hydroelectric power plant at the existing dam in Olofsfors and give suggestions on how the power station should run during the time that fish migration is greatest in Leduån.The turbine and generator to the station in Leduån at Olofsfors is designed by the height of the fall and the water flow through the dam. The turbine selected for the station is a CK-1000RM turbine with a 4-pole 250 kW generator from Cargo & power turbine Sweden AB, which is expected to deliver 1.2 GWh per year.

This study investigates the evolution of depictions of Maoist China in Swedish history textbooks from 1970 to 2010. Through examining textbooks from this period, 20 years before the end of the cold war and 20 years after it, this study aims to investigate how quickly and how radically textbooks can change in their depictions of controversial and significant historical periods. Comparing descriptions of both people, tumultuous events, and general trends in China under Mao's rule, this study finds significant differences in how the textbooks describe Maoist China. While textbooks in the 1970s give a largely positive, sympathetic and hopeful view of China, during the 1990s and 2000s that perspective has been overtaken by an overwhelmingly critical view of Mao and his rule, focusing on his failures and dictatorial rule. The findings add to a somewhat divided field of research on the adaptability of textbooks, leaning toward the idea that textbooks can change rapidly during times of turmoil in a society..

Emission of nitrogen oxides as well as carbon monoxides is an inevitable result of combustion. A Swedish law "Law of environmental fee for emissions of nitrogen oxides as a result of energy production" (lagen om miljöavgift på utsläpp av kväveoxider vid energiproduktion (SFS 1990:613)) controls the emission of NOx from energy production by a system of fees. The system has resulted in a strong approach toward less emissions of NOx among the energy production plants. High emission levels, today exceeding 52 mg/MJsupplied fuel, leads to costs for energy production companies. This paper examines possibilities to reduce the emissions of NOx by optimization of the SNCR-technique in a biofuel fired heat and power plant.

Organtransplantation är för vissa svårt sjuka individer den enda möjliga behandlingen till ett fortsatt liv. För dessa individer är väntan på organtransplantation av lever, hjärta eller lunga ofta en oviss väntan på en livsviktig operation. Denna väntan innebär en förändring och begränsning i individens vardag och påverkar inte bara individen själv utan även närstående. Detta är en upplevelse få personer kan föreställa sig. Syftet är att beskriva upplevelsen hos vuxna individer som väntar på transplantation av livsviktiga organ; lever, hjärta och lunga.

I dagens samhälle har kommuner blivit allt mer konkurrensutsatta då möjligheterna för befolkningen att flytta har ökat. Detta har medfört att kommuner fått ökad press på sig att anpassa sig till nya förhållanden för att attrahera invånare. Nya förhållanden kan orsakas av bland annat demografisk utveckling, politiska val och konkurrerade kommuner. Därmed blir kommuners målstyrningsmodeller och hur de klarar av förändringar av intresse. Vi har kommit fram till att Falkenbergs Kommun som organisation är förändringsbenägen.

Many sources point to the same conclusion; throughout the history the research sphere, mass media, governmental industry policies and public life in common have not paid the same attention to medium-sized companies as to small, new or large companies in Sweden. Yet, there are some researchers claiming the need for the medium-sized companies to grow, becoming tomorrow?s Swedish new large companies. Hence, the need for understanding the specific growth conditions of the medium-sized companies are definitely clear. This study aims firstly to identify whether there are specific requirements and obstacles for growth in connection to being a medium-sized company.

Bakgrund: En viktig del i att jobba som sjuksköterska är att kunna förse patienter med god omvårdnad. Att jobba i en operationssal innebär att jobba enligt ett tidsschema där de olika yrkesgrupperna ofta jobbar parallellt med varandra för att uppnå hög effektivitet. Operationssjuksköterskor ansvarar för hygien och sterilitet under operation och mötet med en vaken patient blir ofta kort och intensivt. Man arbetar med en patient i gången vilket möjliggör ett personcentrerat vårdande. Syfte: syftet med studien var att beskriva operationssjuksköterskors upplevelser av patientkontakt.

Prostata cancer (PC) är den vanligaste cancerformen hos män i Sverige med 10 000 nya fall varje år. I Sverige opereras över 2000 män för PC årligen. Vanliga sidoeffekter efter operationen är impotens och inkontinens. Kunskap hos sjuksköterskor om hur inkontinens och impotens psykiskt påverkar proststata cancer patienter och hur patienter upplever dessa är liten. Bristande kunskap om detta kan innebära att många patienters problem inte uppmärksammas av vården i tid, som kan innebära stort lidande för dessa patienter.Syfte med studie är att belysa patientens upplevelse av att leva med dem två vanligaste komplikationer, impotens och urininkontinens, efter prostata operation.

In order to detect movements and vibrations on different appliance, especially robots and self-going devices are used different sensors. One of the most used movement sensors are accelerometers. They are three different types of accelerometers one-axes, two-axes and three-axes. They can be analogue or digital. Husqvarna AB uses an accelerometer to detect movements of their self-going lawnmower Automower.

Artros är en sjukdom som blir vanligare med stigande ålder och drabbar både män och kvinnor. Sjukdomen påverkar en persons dagliga liv på många sätt och smärta är det vanligaste symtomet. En total höftprotesoperation är den vanligaste behandlingen vilket reducerar smärtan, ökar personens livskvalitet och möjligheter att utföra dagliga aktiviteter. Syftet med studien var att undersöka patienters upplevelser av att genomgå en total höftprotesoperation. Denna studie genomfördes med en kvalitativ ansats och data samlades in med semi strukturerade intervjuer.

Syfte: Att kartlägga patientgruppen som förskrevs Fysisk aktivitet på Recept, FaR® och hänvisades till friskvårdslots i Uppsala läns landsting under perioden 090701-091231 samt att undersöka eventuell skillnad i fördelningen av kön beträffande förändringsbenägenhet för fysisk aktivitet vid första kontakt med friskvårdslots. Vidare var syftet att se om de patienter som avslutade kontakten med friskvårdslots visade ökad förändringsbenägenhet för fysisk aktivitet. Metod: Patientdata tillhörande patientgruppen (n = 193) sammanställdes och kartlades efter insamling av friskvårdslotsar i Uppsala läns landsting. Patienternas förändringsbenägenhet för fysisk aktivitet bedömdes av friskvårdslotsen, enligt Stages of change-modellen, i samband med telefonkontakt. Förändringsbenägenheten för fysisk aktivitet vid första och avslutande telefonkontakt undersöktes hos de patienter (n = 39) som inom tidsramen för detta uppsatsarbete hann avsluta sin kontakt med friskvårdslotsen.

Who has the ownership of a company´s long-term strategy, and who should have it? Is it the board of directors or the senior management? Swedish law and regulations seemingly point in one direction, whereas the findings of studying the relationship between CEO and chairman of the board in eleven Swedish listed large- and mid-cap companies, point the other way. In a majority of the companies the senior management have the ownership of the long term strategy whilst the board of directors merely hold a control function. The possible effects on the companies managed as well as the rules and regulations they are managed according to, are analyzed..