Migration ökar i hela världen och det svenska samhället omformas från ett samhälle med ett fåtal etniska inslag till ett samhälle med över hundra nationaliteter, språk och många religioner. Varje kultur har sin syn på hälsa och sjukdom. Vårdpersonal tycker att det är svårt att bedöma, förstå och vårda personer från andra kulturer. Syftet med arbetet är att belysa kulturella skillnader och problem som kan uppstå vid omvårdnad av person med annan kulturell bakgrund. En litteraturstudie gjordes och den är baserad på åtta vetenskapliga artiklar och materialet bearbetades genom en innehållsanalys.

Bakgrund: Studier visar på att användandet av omvårdnadsdiagnoser har flera fördelar för sjuksköterskans omvårdnadsarbete. De främjar patientens delaktighet i vården samt uppmärksammar sjuksköterskan på patientens omvårdnadsbehov. Andra studier visar på att standardvårdplaner upplevs effektivisera sjuksköterskans omvårdnadsdokumentation och bidra till en likvärdig och god kvalité på vården. Dock kan de anses vara oflexibla och därför behöva kompletteras med en individuell vårdplan. Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka i vilken utsträckning omvårdnadsdiagnoser och -åtgärder dokumenterades och utfördes. Vidare undersöktes vilken typ av vårdplan som användes och om det gick att se någon skillnad mellan avdelningarna avseende omvårdnadsdokumentationen.

ABSTRACTOur work deals with antisocial behavior among elementary school students between 7 and 16years in the school environment. The aim of our study was to examine how school personnelare experiencing antisocial behavior among students from a gender perspective. We were alsointerested to find out what the school's staff has of the experience of the differences andsimilarities between girls 'and boys' antisocial behavior. We used gender theory, when weanalyzed our individual responses to interview questions. We made six qualitative interviewswith low-and high school teachers, assistant principals, counselors and special educationteachers training in Kalmar County.

The purpose of this bachelor's thesis is to examine how public libraries in Sweden handles their weeding procedures. A series of questions are asked: How does libraries in Sweden motivate weeding? What principles constitutes the procedure of weeding? Which aspects are given most importance when weeding is decided. How does views on weeding differ between libraries of different sizes? How does longer or shorter professional experience influence the view on weeding? The study was done through an online questionnaire which was sent to a number of staff members on different libraries via e-mail.

Background: Sleep is the most important human recovery process and research supports assumptions that sleep is an important component in the healing process. Lack of sleep can be the onset of certain diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Sleep is an integral part of basic nursing. It is important for nurses in hospitals to form a correct understanding of the patients? sleep since they among other things are responsible for administering ad lib hypnotic medication.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to explore nurses' experiences of informing relatives to critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).MethodThe study was descriptive with a qualitative approach. Nine nurses were interviewed. The study took place in a university hospital in the midst of Sweden. An interview guide was used, designed in consensus with the study questions. Data was analyzed via qualitative content analysis.FindingsMeeting and preparing relatives at the arrival at the ICU seemed valuable and led to safety and participation among relatives.

The focus of our study was to examine personal assistants and group home assistants experiences of stress at work, how they cope with stress and how it affects the relationship with the care recipient. The study is made out of a qualitative frame and based on interviews with two personal assistants and four group home assistants. Our theoretical perspectives consist of Aaron Antonovsky?s SOC theory, Richard Lazarus theory about coping and also sociologist Johan Asplund?s theory about social interaction. The result indicates that the experiences of stress are individual and varied among the participants while the presence of stress at work is a shared apprehension.

Syftet med litteraturstudien var att belysa strokepatienters upplevelser av måltissituationen samt beskriva de vanligaste ätsvårigheterna som strokepatienter kan ha samt att undersöka hur vårdpersonal kan hjälpa vid ätsvårigheter. Studien genomfördes som en litteraturstudie som baserades på 12 vetenskapliga artiklar. Artiklarna söktes via hörskolan dalarnas sökmotorer/databaser och sökorden som kombinerades var dysphagia, eating situation, nursing, nutrition och stroke. Artiklarna granskades enlig modifierade granskningsmallar. Resultatet visar på att strokedrabbade kunde uppleva sina svårigheter vid måltiden som pinsamma.

BackgroundSexual health is affected by disease, dysfunction and disability but can also be experienced in spite of illness. To get a deeper knowledge of what the nurse does for the patients the background is written with the support of the holistic care and Katie Eriksson theoretical perspectives health and suffering.AimThe aim of this study is to describe the factors to why nurses do not prioritize patients' sexual health in the nursing care.MethodA literature review based on nine qualitative and quantitative studies focusing on the barriers perceived by the nurses to address sexual health.ResultThe result of this study showed that the barriers were many. Factors related to nurses unwillingness to talk to patients about sexuality and sexual health were difficulties in nurses' psychosocial work environment and lacking competence concerning sexual health. The fact that sexuality is a sensitive subject, factors related to the patient and that it was someone else's responsibility to raise the topic were other factors that made it difficult.ConclusionWe conclude that a stressed workplace where there is a lack of time and stress along with a poor education and uncertainty leads to no grasp of the subject and the problem slides between health professionals. Patients' sexual health remains untreated.

The web sites of Swedish public libraries display a high level of heterogeneity when it comes to design and graphical user interface. The thesis is based on the opinion that the visuals of a public library web site have implications for the user as well as for the library. The design of the graphical user interface influences the attention of the user and his/her ability to absorb information. Furthermore, there is a connection between the visuals and the users opinion about the credibility of the content of the web site, as well as of the organisation itself. The research question is: Which factors may have an impact on the design of the graphical user interfaces of a public library web site? The purpose is to create an understanding for these factors and emphasize them.

BakgrundÖvervikt och fetma är ett hälsoproblem, både globalt och i Sverige. Genetik, livsstilsfaktoreroch beroendeproblematik är bakomliggande orsaker till övervikt och fetma. Olika behandlingsmetoder används vid övervikt och fetma, varav gastric bypass är en metod. En gastric bypass kräver livsstils- och beteendeförändringar i samband med operationen. Hälso och sjukvården har ett ansvar att ge informativt och rådgivande stöd i samband med livsstilsförändringar.SyfteSyftet var att beskriva personers upplevda behov av stöd från hälso- och sjukvården i samband med en gastric bypassoperation.MetodEn kvalitativ intervjustudie användes med utgångspunkt i gastric bypassopererade personers erfarenheter.

The purpose of this master thesis is to use marketing theory on the library?s activities. The marketing theory used is the 4Ps; product, price, promotion and place, as it's presented by Philip Kotler. Because the library can be seen as a service oriented organization Christian Gronroos theory of marketing in the service industry also has been used. A case study of the public library in Broby was made to illustrate how the public libraries? activities can appear in the light of marketing theory.

An article review about chronic stress, which is harmful, how it manifest itself and affect females. The nursing perspective was also in focus, how the nurse can prevent unhealth caused by harmful stress among these females and how the nurse can help these women to help themselves..

Studies have shown that stress is common in the nursing profession.Purpose: The aim was to investigate nurses' experience of stress in the work environment at the University Hospital in Uppsala and how nurses deal with this stress and whether the perceived stress experienced affect patient safety and in what way. Method: The study had a descriptive, qualitative design based on nine interviews. The selection criteria for the study was that participants were nurses and that they had worked at least one year within the profession and that they had experienced stress in their work environment. Data from the interviews was analyzed using the qualitative content analysis method by Graneheim and Lundman. Results: The analysis resulted in three categories: "Stress in the workplace?, "stress management" and "patient safety? and showed that all participants had experienced stress repeatedly in their workplaces.

Ungefär 14 procent av den svenska befolkningen utgörs av invandrare. Studier visar att många invandrare är utsatta i samhället då de kommer till ett nytt land. Denna utsatthet kan vara språksvårigheter, arbetslöshet, rasism och diskrimination. I samband med att invandringen ökar i Sverige ökar även sannolikheten att man som sjuksköterska kommer i kontakt med patienter med annan kulturell bakgrund. På så sätt kan det uppstå det kulturkrockar i mötet med invandrarpatienter.