The aim of this study was to develop, implement and evaluate a mindfulness- and acceptance-based smoking cessation program in group (MRG). MRG was developed into an intervention consisting of 6 group sessions during 35 days including individual homework assignments. 8 of 10 participants completed the program. In order to evaluate the effect of MRG a quasi-experimental design with pretest and double posttest (second posttest at 1 month) was chosen. At second posttest, 50 percent (of 8 completers) were non-smokers, and the rest showed a decrease in smoking at a rate between 45 and 75 percent.

The establishment of loan-based structures within a group of associated enterprises with the purpose of lowering the group's taxes by using deductible interest payments to transfer money has become increasingly popular in Sweden during the past few years. The legislator has therefore implemented new laws which restrict the amount of interest payments that are deductible within a group of associated enterprises. As a consequence the definition of associated enterprises has become of high importance. The definition has been criticized and is perceived by many as vague and difficult to interpret. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the definition of associated enterprises in Swedish tax law with the aim of clarifying its scope and meaning.

In 2022, Russia completed its full-scale invasion of Ukraine. The EU responded with powerful restrictive measures against Russia to demonstrate its unified support for Ukraine, indicating that the perception of Russia as an external threat to the EU, particularly in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), has become increasingly evident following the invasion. Drawing on theory and previous research suggesting that external threats strengthen group identities, I argue that Russia is perceived as an external threat to EU identity in CEE after Russia's invasion of Ukraine. Stephan and Stephan's integrated threat theory considers an external threat as either realistic, posing a threat to the ingroup's existence, or symbolic, posing a threat to the ingroup's worldview. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between EU identity and the perception of Russia as a group threat to the EU among individuals in CEE based on the nature of the group threat: realistic and symbolic.

This thesis is a systematic review of the Swedish healthcare and hospital-library?s authorities on the consumer health information. The goal is to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses that are inherited in two professions (medical and LiS) with two completely different perspectives on mediating information.The method used is a mix between conceptual analysis of the Swedish term ?patient information? and a Critical conceptual analysis, according to Fairclough, of published native theses and international professional journals.Conclusion of the thesis is that although the nursing and medical staff has the necessary medical expertise it does not, in many cases have either the time or skill to completely satisfy a patient or his/her next of kin´s information needs when exposed in a uneasy situation as when in need of treatment or help in any kind.The hospital librarian on the other hand does have the intermediating skills and most often the time to explain complex treatments or medical procedures, but the lack in medical or nursing expertise.In a perfect setting there is an inter-professional cooperation which brings a lot of positive results. The problem today is often to overcome the gap in awareness of one and other that exists in a modern Swedish hospital..

Outdoor housing of horses? best fulfils the horses? need for physical activity and it is an alternative to the more cost and energy demanding indoor housing in stables. Furthermore, if outdoor housed horses have access to shelter they can generally cope well with adverse weather conditions such as high or low ambient temperature, heavy rain or strong winds. In this study, the daytime shelter-seeking behaviour of three groups of horses housed outdoors was studied during the summer. The aim was to evaluate whether shelter use is related to weather variables (e.g., ambient temperature and wind speed) and insect harassment. The shelter-seeking behaviour was studied for three different groups of horses: Group 1) eight individually housed horses in paddocks that had access to three different shelter types (C: closed on three sides with roof, R: open on three sides with roof, W: closed on three sides without roof), Group 2) 25 group housed mares with foals on pasture with access to shelters C, and Group 3) ten mares without foals on pasture without access to shelter. Each group was studied for eight days.

Our aim of this study was to investigate barriers and opportunities for people with mental disorders getting in to the labor market. This from experiences by people whose daily job contains work rehabilitation for this group in particular. On the basis of five qualitative interviews the results showed that prejudices towards people with mental disorders are a barrier for them to get a wage labor. Furthermore the results showed that low self-esteem within the target group and also high educational demands becomes a barrier to a wage labor. The results also showed that to focus on the healthy aspects may serve as an opportunity for people with mental disorders to get in to the labor market and be able to have a paid job.

Acute myocardial infarction is a serious diagnosis. Both the patient and the loved ones experience an immediate uncertainty. To be able to emotionally support the patient´s spouse, the nurse in the coronary care unit must be prepared to also encounter the world of the spouse. The aim of this study was from a nursing perspective to illuminate how life was experienced during the first two months by the spouse of someone, who was stricken by a first time acute myocardial infarction. Interviews with six spouses were conducted.

Bakgrund: I sjuksköterskans arbete ingår varierande arbetsuppgifter. Omvårdnad är ett omsorgsyrke där patientens olika behov ska tillgodoses samtidigt som de administrativa uppgifterna och den medicinska disciplinen ska skötas. Sjuksköterskan konfronteras med stressade situationer dagligen i sitt omvårdnadsarbete. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva sjuksköterskans upplevelse av stressrelaterade konsekvenser i omvårdnadsarbetet. Metod: En litteraturstudie gjordes som grundats på tolv vetenskapliga artiklar.

There are no guidelines regarding how companies should design status updates on Facebook which attain good readability and engage the readers. Half the Swedish population are Facebook-users, but companies have yet to publish comprehensible messages on Facebook which effectively include the recipients. Inclusion is not just a matter of accessibility, but also of readability.Therefore, I studied how status updates should be designed on Facebook in order to increase the readability and to engage the readers. My target group is 22-32 year olds, since the company I worked with wanted to target this group. I conducted my research through literature studies, interviews with the client, analysis of past status updates, questioned an expert in social media, and organized a group interview with the target group.My research shows that status updates should contain information that is topical, informative and relevant to the target group.

Hearing is considered to be the most important sense for the communication between people. Several studies have shown that hearing loss can lead to deterioration in quality of life, reduced social activities, feelings of alienation and hence the increasing incidence of depression symptoms.An early audiological rehabilitation is a prerequisite for proper communication among people with hearing loss. Knowledge has been shown to be of great importance and structured learning and individually targeted approach can be expected to facilitate the audiological rehabilitation.The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of an educational effort for people with hearing loss where the effort was made in the distance within the audiological rehabilitation and was followed-up by professional phone support, through a randomized controlled study.The study group consisted of 69 hearing aid users who were randomized by an independent person into two groups, an intervention group and a control group. The intervention group (n = 33) had access to the book "When the sounds are weaker - on hearing and hearing aids". The group received weekly topic-based information related to the different chapters of the book, in five rounds.

Intimate partner violence against women has gone from a concealed family affair to a public issue. The health care services are often those who first come in contact with abused women, despite this many women are not identified as victims of domestic violence. The purpose of this study was to describe nursing care of abused women and factors influencing the care. The study was conducted as a literature review where 18 articles were analyzed. The result showed the importance of the nurses? role in screening for abused women.

The aim of this study was to examine musculoskeletal disorders among dental hygienists inrelation to work postures (sitting, standing, and altering) and to study differences in thegroups regarding numbers of disorders, locations and degrees. A mail questionnaire wasdistributed among 200 dental hygienists in the region of Skåne. The response rate was 79 %.The majority of the dental hygienists were working in a sitting position. Only43 dental hygienists were altering their working position and two were working in a standingposition. The results showed that 85 % of the dental hygienists have experiencedmusculoskeletal disorders in the last 12 months.

The essay deals with questions concerning the reasons, difficulties and subjects for rejoicing which various people experience when visiting "voluntarily" old, lonely people in the congregation of Trollhättan. What knowledge is developed and which values are formed? How is aging and solitude experienced? The visits are co-ordinated by two lay workers employed by the Swedish Church. The study is built on oral interviews in April and May 2003 from a questionaire using open questions. The research group consists of six women between 65-80 of age with 1-30 years´ experience.Inner reasons, contact with other people in similar situations, positive responses to visits, and meetings in the visiting service group seem to be the principal driving forces.

Bakgrund: Missfall räknas som den vanligaste graviditetskomplikationen. Kvinnors omvårdnadsbehov efter missfall består av både fysiska och psykiska aspekter. Känslor av skuld, förlust, tomhet och sorg uppkom och ofta kvarstod känslorna under en längre tid. Kvinnorna som fått missfall upplevde ofta att deras omvårdnadsbehov inte tillgodosetts adekvat. Sjuksköterskans kompetensområde innefattar tillgodoseende av både fysiska och psykiska omvårdnadsbehov.Syfte: Att beskriva kvinnors erfarenheter och omvårdnadsbehov vid missfall.Metod: En litteraturöversikt baserad på elva vetenskapliga artiklar som granskats med hjälp av innehållsanalys.Resultat: Resultatet av denna litteraturöversikt visar att erfarenheten av att genomgå ett missfall påverkar kvinnan psykiskt, fysiskt och socialt.

The theoretical background in this essay made clear that the students? knowledge about physics improve, and they express a more positive attitude towards physics as a subject, when they have access to a more laboratory-based learning style. The aim of this study is to research how the placement of the lab relative to the lecture affects the students? experiences and level of knowledge. The study involved students in year eight and was carried out during four weeks.