To investigate effects of nitrogen on in-lake CO2 and CH4 production during winter, three pair of lakes was subject for a fertilizing experiment in which one lake in each pair was fertilized with nitric acid (HNO3) directly into the water column in the summer of 2012. The lakes in each pair are assumed to be morphologically, hydrologically and biologically similar, that is, the non-fertilized lakes are considered references. The pairs do differ in one major way by being progressively less humic, going from around 25 mg/l to 10 mg/l DOC. Sampling and analysis was carried out at the end of the frozen period in 2013. Results show a significantly higher concentration of both CO2 (p<0,001) and CH4 (?=0,1, p=0,053) between impact and reference sites in the two less humic pairs.

Studieobjektet för detta kandidatarbete är Stortorget vilket är beläget mitt på Trossö i centrala Karlskrona. Staden är sedan 1600-talet starkt färgad av en omfattande militär aktivitet, något som påverkat stadsbilden påtagligt. Detta är en grundfaktor som gjort att Karlskrona sedan 1988 finns upptagen på UNESCO:s världsarvslista. Huvudsyftet för detta kandidatarbetets är att ge ett gestaltningsförslag för Stortorget utifrån platsens roll som offentligt rum i staden. Avgränsningen sträcker sig till att omfatta Stortorget med dess närmaste omnejd, dock sätts Stortorget in i en vidare kontext som utgörs av hela Trossö för att ge en bild av torgets relation till den övriga centrala staden.

An introduction to the complexity which surrounds the matters of land in the northern parts of Sweden was the purpose of this thesis. The agriculture colonization, the delimitation and the development of forestry and mining business were big events which are shown from the view of property rights. The situation of the Lappish people and how their situation has changed through the history was the main theme of the thesis. Hopefully this thesis will also serve as a support while reading for example investigations published by the government and judgments by courts. Supply to the resources of nature has always been decisive for the survival of humans.

Smallholder farmers in low-income countries face a number of challenges in animal production. Animal husbandry carries great potential in reducing poverty, hunger and gender inequality, but at the same time infectious diseases are prominent threats to farmers? livelihoods and their animals. The objective of this study was to investigate the socioeconomic impact of infectious animal diseases on smallholder farmers in low-income countries, using African swine fever (ASF) in Uganda as an example. The study was conducted in two parts. The first part of the study was questionnaire-based and performed in Gulu district, northern Uganda.

By using pollen analysis and 14C-dating, the history of vegetation and land use at the old shieling place (Sw: fäbodställe) Öjingsvallen in Ängersjö parish, central Sweden, was studied. The aim of the study was to answer the following questions: 1) When was Öjingsvallen established as a shieling place? 2) What was the land use at Öjingsvallen? 3) Was the use of Öjingsvallen as a shieling place affected by the agricultural crisis in the 14th and 15th centuries? 4) Is there any relation between the establishment and land use of Öjingsvallen as a shieling place and the historically known increase in the number of shieling sites known to have taken place in the 16th and 17th centuries? 5) Was the use of Öjingsvallen as a shieling place affected by the iron production in the area? According to the study, Öjingsvallen was probably established as a shieling place during the period A.D. 300-700. The main land use at this time was forest grazing.

Det här kandidatarbetet handlar om Barsebäcks gods och dess parks historia. Godset har en historia som sträcker sig ända tillbaka på 1400-talet och kom i familjen Hamiltons ägor år 1743, köparen var Gustaf David Hamilton. Parken har haft en hel del skepnader under århundradena som speglar dess historiska storhet. Fram till år 1889 hade parken lindalléer, vallgravar och bestod av parterrer. Men år 1889 gjordes parken om till den stil som kallas ?Engelsk lustpark ? och det var även under denna tid som slottet byggdes om. Jag har sammanställt de ritningar och texter av bland annat Burman- Fischer, Barfod, Carl Hårleman, Adolf Fredrik Barnekow och Carl von Linne, för att få ett historiskt perspektiv över godset. Man ser tydligt att alla har haft sin egen syn på godset samt egna förslag på hur man skulle ha kunnat förbättra det. Den Engelska lustparken tog sin form i England i början på 1700-talet och spred sig över Europa och nådde Sverige på 1800-talet.

This essay describes and compares the extensive reindeer management to the more intensive, but grazing based, sheep management system in Sweden. Differences and similarities between the two production systems will be investigated by elucidating the economy, land use and possibilities to influence production and economy through breeding, feeding and product development. The reindeer management area covers the northern part of Sweden whilst the sheep management is dispersed over the country. Both reindeer and sheep are ruminants and have relatively high demands on the quality and digestibility of the feed however reindeers graze on mountain-and forest lands whilst sheep often graze inaccessible areas or cultivated grasslands. Selection intensity is generally lower in the reindeer management compared to the intensity in sheep breeding.

Vole populations in northern Scandinavia vary in cycles with peaks every third or fourth year as described by the National Environmental Monitoring Programme of small mammals (NEMP). Some vole species have declined in population numbers since the NEMP started in 1971, especially the grey-sided vole (Myodes rufocanus) which is nearly extinct in the forested region. Since small mammals are an important food source for several avian and mammalian predators, the decline in vole numbers is expected to have consequences for the whole food chain, especially if other vole species start to decline in numbers. This study tried to test the hypothesis that presence and abundance of M. rufocanus (a specialist species) and Myodes glareolus (a generalist species) can be predicted by patch size and connectivity of forest patches >60 years old with a minimum of 15% pine >100years old.

The purpose of this master thesis is to implement and validate a Power System Stabilizer (PSS) to a generator at Trängslet hydropower station in Dalarna, Sweden. Problems with local rotor oscillations can occur at the hydropower station when power is transferred on a new power line (130 kV) from Northern to Southern part of Dalarna. To ensure good operation properties on this power line Fortum Generation AB and Fortum Distribution AB wants to activate a PSS on a generator.There have been investigations in which situations and what equipment that contributes to rotor oscillations. When this is known the PSS is tuned to damp these oscillations by choosing a good set of parameters. The most important parameters for good performance are to choose amount of gain and phase compensation.

AimThe specific questions in the theoretic part were:What is contained in the terms "balance and balance skill" and how can this skill be measured?The specific questions in the empirical part were:How does balance skill in different age categories of children correlate with biological and physiological parameters such as age, gender, body height, weight and level of physical activity?MethodsLiterature search based on books and scientific papers related to the questions posed above. Selection was made at libraries and on?line through "Pubmed". Specific search words were used.

An era ended in 1920 when the Walloon ironworks village of Strömsberg closed. The Wallon people had lived on the spot for 300 years and influenced the region was a lot. The kitchengarden in Stromsberg was a gardencenter 1920-50. The count´s good profits made him reinvest a lot of capital in the Wallon ironworks village to make it better and to construct forges, buildings and gardens. The kitchen garden´s history in Stromsberg started in 1660-70s, when Johan Vervier, built Strömsbergs first manor house.

Titel Segmentering för säkrare utlandssexFörfattare: Karin BrandtHandledare Ingela WadbringKurs: Medie? och kommunikationsvetenskap, fördjupningskursSyfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att genom en målgruppsanalys beskriva och segmentera svenska utlandsresenärer för att få vägledning i hur de kan nås i ett hivpreventivt arbete.Metod: Kvantitativ analys av enkäterMaterial: I mitt arbete med att analysera de svenska utlandsresenärerna har jag använt 2007?års SOM?undersökning med totalt 1700 svarande som valts ut via ett obundet slumpmässigt urval för att, på bästa sätt, representera den svenska befolkningen.Huvudresultat 65 procent av den svenska befolkningen reste utomlands minst en gång under 2007. Detta gör att den målgrupp som Noaks Ark vill nå i sitt hivpreventiva arbete måste segmenteras ytterligare för att kunna nås mer effektivt i en informationskampanj som vill förebygga hiv.I denna ytterligare segmentering av utlandsresenärerna kom jag fram till att de utgörs av två grupper; Sällanresenärer och Frekventa resenärer. Av dessa två grupper är de Frekventa resenärerna mest intressanta att studera då de skiljer sig allra mest från befolkningen i helhet.I den djupare målgruppsanalys som gjordes på de Frekventa resenärerna kom jag fram till att de i större utsträckning är unga män med hög utbildning och hög inkomst. De är oftare uppväxta i tjänstemannahem, i storstäder, boendes i storstäder och fler arbetar inom tjänstemannasektorn.Jag kunde också komma fram till att dessa Frekventa resenärer både är flitiga tidningsläsare och internetanvändare och att de har en tvådelad livsstil, en sundare och en mer flängig.

The castle Vivesholm is located about two miles north of Klintehamn on the west side of Gotland. The castle was built around year 1395 and burned down in the end of the 14thcentury. Around the 17th and the 18th century the castle was re-used. However, the emphasis on its use is during the middle ages.This paper aims at getting an insight in the animal husbandry at Vivesholm by analyzing the osteological material. The analysis revealed that bones from sheep/goat were more common than bones from cattle.

Risk-based sampling program of microorganisms in the water source in northern SwedenAfter several disease outbreaks caused by parasites in the drinking water during the last years, it is more essential than ever to insure that the water supply companies have enough barriers to counteract the presence of microorganisms in the outgoing water. It is also discussed whether climate changes such as increased precipitation can have a connection to the increased cases of parasites in water sources. The water source at Gäddvik is Luleå municipality?s largest and provides drinking water to 64 500 of Luleå?s 74 000 inhabitants. The investigation of microorganisms in the water source, especially in the Lule River has not been as prioritized as the sampling of chemical parameters.

This study focus on how two local news papers in the northen part of Sweden reported about the investigation of illegal hunting, called Kalixhärvan, in the years of 1983-1984. The study also adress how this newspapers presented the agents that is mentioned in the newsarticles, who played an importent part during the investigation. The study is based on the analysis of eight articles involving the investigation. The aricales is selected from march 1983 to march 1984. The analys is made using the method of critical linguistics and with the theoretical ground in theories of masculinity and stereotypes.