Hard-to-heal ulcers are resource intensive due to the fact that they are difficult to treat and especially vulnerable to bacterial invasion. The bacterial culture contaminating these wounds often consist of several different bacterial organisms that originate from endogenous sources. Necrotic material in ischemic ulcers provide nutrition which support bacterial reproduction, increasing the risk of infection. Determining causative pathogen in infected ulcers proves to be difficult when culturing swab samples, however Staphylococcus aureus and hemolytic streptococci generally act as primary pathogens.    The aim of the study was to investigate if the detection rate increased for S. aureus and hemolytic streptococci when culturing swab samples from ulcers on Columbia CNA; a media selective for gram-positive bacteria.

LIVSPUSSEL & FALLGROPAR - Några unga ambitiösa kvinnors upplevelser och hantering av stress i olika livssituationer, samt några gymnasielärares reflektioner över ambitiösa kvinnliga eleverElin Höglund & Sara KnutssonHögskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för Hälsa & Samhälle, PsykologiSAMMANFATTNINGSyftet med denna studie var att få en djupare förståelse för hur några unga ambitiösa kvinnor upplevde och hanterade stress i olika livssituationer, samt att erhålla en bredare förståelse för hur några gymnasielärare reflekterade över ambitiösa kvinnliga elever. Två semistrukturerade intervjuguider användes, en för intervjuerna med de unga kvinnorna och en för intervjuerna med gymnasielärarna. Fyra teman gällde för de unga kvinnorna; hantering av stress, omgivande faktorer, påverkan på välbefinnandet, samt framtidssyn. De fyra unga kvinnorna förde även ?stressbok? under en veckas tid.

Bakgrund Inom vårdtraditionen finns en viss okunskap om hur patienter upplever och hanterar den stress som allvarlig sjukdom/skada eller hot om sådan ofta innebär. Syfte Syftet med denna uppsats är att studera hur vuxna människor upplever och hanterar sin situation vid allvarlig sjukdom/skada eller hot om sådan. Metod Denna uppsats är en litteraturstudie som har baserats på tio vetenskapliga artiklar, där åtta stycken sökts fram i databasen PubMed. Sökorden nursing, coping, coping strategies, trauma, catastrophic, stress och critical illness har använts. De andra två artiklarna identifierades genom manuell sökning.

Recent accounting scandals, often led by managers trying to improve results and thereby their own bonuses, have severely damaged the publics view of management. In the aftermath of scandals such as Enron, Parmalat and Skandia, demand has increased for Corporate Governance codes and similar regulation. The Swedish code for Corporate Governance came into effect on July 1, 2005. The code requires all Swedish companies listed on the Swedish Stock Exchange (OMX A- and O-list), with a turnover exceeding 3 billion SEK, to disclose a report regarding Corporate Governance, attached to the annual report.The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the new disclosure required by the Swedish Corporate Governance code will have a measurable effect on stock prices. The authors have applied event study methodology examining daily returns around the announcement of the Corporate Governance reports.

This essay examines the decline of reading comprehension in Swedish schools, and also aims to provide insight into the debate concerning a literary canon and its usage in schools. While some claim that the literary canon is only a list of irrelevant white dead men which only serves to perpetuate feelings of alienation in, for example, female students, others see it as a means to bring society together using the only literature that stood the test of time. This essay will look to studies concerning reading comprehension, and questions regarding reading habits which our own students answered. It will also explain the different viewpoints of both sides of the canon debate.There are several studies that show this decline in reading comprehension, PISA and PIRLS being the foremost of them. They point to a trend where the reading skills of boys are much worse than those of girls, a trend which still has not panned out.Bloom and the different researchers who are the basis for Verhaest's thesis are of the opinion that canonical literature serves a purpose in that it teaches students aesthetic literary values.

Twice as many women as men suffer from mental ill-health. The negative trend of mental problems among teenagers continues. In certain places in Sweden, 40 per cent of the teenage girls have outspoken symptoms of depression. This is why it is important to observe mental ill-health in a public health perspective. One effect evaluation of the DISA method (Depression In Swedish Adolescents) drew the conclusion that this universal depression preventive method is well working. The DISA method includes cognitive behavioural techniques that change negative pattern of thinking, give practice of communication, strategies of problem solution plus exercises to strengthen the social network.

Detta är en kvalitativ studie av unga som tidigare har levt gömda i Sverige men idag har permanent uppehållstillstånd. Insamlade av data har skett genom fem halvstrukturerade livsvärldsintervjuer med personer i åldern 11 ? 24 år, alla var dock 18 år eller yngre när de levde gömda. Syftet med studien är att få större kunskap om och inblick i hur det är att leva gömd och undersöka vilka konsekvenser detta får för de ungas livssituation idag. Vi vill öka förståelsen för gruppen unga som tidigare levt gömda men också undersöka vilka behov dessa unga kan tänkas ha och hur deras situation kan förbättras.

Bakgrund: Stamcellstransplantation (SCT) ?r en potentiellt botande behandling f?r patienter med maligna blodsjukdomar. Processen att genomg? en transplantation ?r f?r m?nga patienter associerad med fysiska, psykiska och existentiella utmaningar. Som sjuksk?terska ?r det viktigt att f?rst? dessa utmaningar f?r att kunna bedriva god omv?rdnad.

Bakgrund: Cancer i huvud- och halsområdet är den sjätte vanligaste cancerdiagnosen i världen. Begreppet huvud- och halscancer innefattar läppcancer, cancer i näsa och bihålor, i munhåla och svalg, struphuvud, på stämbanden och i spottkörtlarna. De vanligaste behandlingsformerna är kirurgi, strålbehandling och cytostatikabehandling. Sjukdomen och behandlingen innebär ofta svåra fysiska, psykiska och sociala biverkningar för patienten. Detta ställer stora krav på sjuksköterskans kunskaper och färdigheter inom området och i omvårdnaden av dessa patienter.

The rise of social media has put a focus on the division of owned, paid and earned media, where earned media has recently been hyped at the expense of owned and paid media. Due to a novel area we examine the differences and effects of using owned and paid media, specifically for packaging versus newspapers. Owned and paid media showed no significant differences regarding credibility, persuasion and perceived commerciality, which restored owned media?s status, especially since owned media is more cost efficient. The effects of allowing ads for external brands on the owned medium were also studied.

The essay depicts the opposite views of the director and an actor during the filming of a specific scene in a feature film. The actor feels that he is not being listened to. This leads to unforeseen consequences for the director, as the actor no longer wishes to take part in the marketing of the film prior to its opening night. Everything is seen from the director?s point of view, she is working in a film world dominated by men.Questions are being asked if the director?s instructions are clear enough or if the actor, fearing getting lost, is mixing up his own feelings with those of the character he is portraying? What happens to the collaboration and how does it affect the rest of the team and the completion of the production? The director is also the producer.

Background:The concept of transition means a change in a person's life where he or she is forced to adapt. There are different phases in life that results in different adaptations. In this essay, transition is described as the physical and mental journey between the home and an elder care facility. The Aim was to describe elderly people's experiences of transition when moving from their previous home into an elder care facility. The Method used was a literature review.

Background: Exercise dependence is a behavior where some people get very strong feelings for their training. This dependency becomes a problem when it affects individuals? life in a negative way. Individuals with low self-esteem have been found to have an increased risk for exercise dependence. Self-estem is associated with Self-compassion, which is to have compassion with oneself in pain and difficult periods.

Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur kvinnor som levde med obotlig cancer beskrev den palliativa fasen utifrån egna berättelser på internet. Metod: Studien utfördes med kvalitativ deskriptiv ansats. I studien inkluderades sex bloggar skrivna av kvinnor med obotlig cancer. Kvinnorna var minst 18 år och fick svensk sjukvård. Som datainsamlingsmetod tillämpades sökmotorn Google och sökorden ?obotlig cancer? och ?blogg? användes.

Introduction : Structural cardiac malformations affects 0.8-1% of children born worldwide, in Sweden 800-1000 children per year. Most children with congenital heart disease and their families will have frequent and lifelong contact with highly specialized care. Awareness of the parents experience is crucial in order to improve the nursing care. These experiences will be illustrated using a theoretical model of family-based nursing. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe experiences of being a parent to a child with a congenital heart disease.