IntroductionTactile Massage is a generic term that for example includes Massage therapy, Effleurage, Gentle touch, Tactile stimulation, Soft massage and Aromatherapy massage (SBU 2009). Tactile Massage has been proven to activate the perception receptors of the body and stimulates the system of oxytocin and in that way Tactile massage increase wellbeing and decrease pain. The Church of Sweden was formally separated from the state in the year of 2000 and by this means created greater freedom in facilitating its own social and Deaconal programs in separate parishes. Since 2004 a few numbers of deacons have been integrating Tactile massage as a method in Deaconal  ministry within the framework of holistic care in the Church of Sweden.Aim/Research questionsThe aim: From a holistic perspective investigate the use of and to increase the problem-awareness of Tactile massage in the Deaconal ministry within the Church of Sweden.The research questions: How is Tactile massage being used and how are we to describe the experiences of Tactile massage in the Deaconal ministry? What possibilities and difficulties are related to the use of Tactile massage in the Deaconal ministry within the Church of Sweden?MethodThis study is the first explorative research about Tactile massage in Swedish church diaconal context.

Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva riktlinjer och PM angående smärtbedömning och behandling som finns att tillgå på olika akutmottagningar och sjukhus. Smärta är en av de vanligaste orsakerna till att människor söker sjukvård i Sverige, därför ställer detta krav på sjukvårdens kompetens och tillgänglighet till riktlinjer/ PM som stödjer den vård som ges. En förfrågan om att få ta del av sjukhusens riktlinjer/ PM skickades via ut mail. Dokumenten analyserades och innehållet delades därefter in i sju kategorier som beskrev dess kontext, Definition av smärta, Bedömning/ Skattning av smärta, Behandling, Mål, Utvärdering/ Dokumentation, Smärtombud och Övrigt. I kategorin övrigt tas bland annat den bristande referenshanteringen till riktlinjer/ PM upp.

The purpose of this study is to examine escort-business with a focus on sales of BDSM-services (Bondage and Discipline, Dominance and Submission, Sadism and Masochism). The study is based on qualitative interviews with three informants providing BDSM-services, as well as a survey with 96 men who requested domination of escorts (the survey was carried out by an escort in the 1980s). The analysis of this material resulted in the identification of three themes on which the study centers: The personal experiences of the three escorts, the interaction between the escorts and the clients, and the changes over time when it comes to the performance of BDSM-services. The study has a gender perspective with a focus on feminism and queer-theory. The important conclusions are that there are several differences between prostitution having a focus on BDSM-services and other prostitution.

The essay aims to compare Swedish and Finnish decisions regarding refugee policies by tracing them back to the critical junctures when the policies were established, in order to explain why there are big differences prevalent today. The questions asked involve the motivations of the refugee policies and how they have changed over time.The theoretical framework employed is based on historical institutionalism and path dependency. By using a most similar system design and process tracing, material in the form of government declarations and government bills are studied and summed up in two analytical models. The results show that there might be a weak path dependency in the case of Finland. However it is more apparent in the case of Sweden, with frequent statements of a generous refugee policy that is characterised by humanity.

The aim of this study is to explore the effects of probation officers and their work. The following questions have been asked to come to a conclusion: How do probation officers view their work and the purpose of it? What are the effects of probation officers work? The approach of the study is of a qualitative nature and has been conducted by interviewing three officers of the correctional service system, three probation officers and two ex-criminals that have been on probation. The selection is based on a snowball type selection. To analyse the results of the study we have applied previous research and phenomenological theory to examine the experience of correctional service officers, probation officers and ex criminals.

Bakgrund: Tidigare forskning visar att whiplashtrauma potentiellt kan ge framtida besvär och att tidig insatt rehabilitering är av stor vikt. År 2001 tillsattes ett whiplashteam (WAD-team) på Sunderby sjukhus i Luleå med syfte att effektivisera omhändertagandet av patienter med whiplashtrauma för att reducera risken för framtida långvariga besvär. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att utvärdera patienters erfarenheter av kontakten med WAD-teamet på Sunderby sjukhus samt följa upp om dessa patienter upplever besvär från nacken idag och i sådana fall i vilken omfattning. Metod: Samtliga 85 personer som varit i kontakt med WAD-teamet på Sunderby sjukhus under år 2001- 2007 fick möjlighet att medverka i studien, varav svar erhölls från 35 personer. Deltagarnas erfarenheter av kontakten med WAD- teamet samt nuvarande status avseende nacke efterfrågades.

Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva erfarenheter av förändringar i dagliga aktiviteter hos kvinnor med långvarig smärta. Data samlades in via semistrukturerade intervjuer med sju kvinnor, alla över 50 år. Kvinnorna fick berätta om sina erfarenheter av förändringar i dagliga aktiviteter. Analys av data genomfördes med kvalitativ innehållsanalys vilken resulterade i tre kategorier: ?Förändrat umgänge och aktiviteter med andra?, ?Utförandet av aktiviteter är förändrat? och ?Förändrad aktivitetsrepertoar?.

The purpose of this study is to examine escort-business with a focus on sales of BDSM-services (Bondage and Discipline, Dominance and Submission, Sadism and Masochism). The study is based on qualitative interviews with three informants providing BDSM-services, as well as a survey with 96 men who requested domination of escorts (the survey was carried out by an escort in the 1980s). The analysis of this material resulted in the identification of three themes on which the study centers: The personal experiences of the three escorts, the interaction between the escorts and the clients, and the changes over time when it comes to the performance of BDSM-services. The study has a gender perspective. The important conclusions are that there are several differences between prostitution having a focus on BDSM-services and other prostitution.

The purpose of this essay was to examine the role of the acquisition of the Swedish language for integration of adult immigrants given by the seven parties currently in the parliament and other players on the field. The questions were meant to bring light upon the arguments used by the different players concerning the role of the Swedish language, to enlighten which discourses that are constructed, and the contradictions that exist between these. We parted from a postmodern position and used social constructionism to back up our method and theory of analysis; discourse theory. The results revealed three different discourses concerning the role of the Swedish language in the integration process; the liberal discourse, the discrimination discourse and the social democratic discourse. The liberal discourse claims that immigrants have a responsibility to learn Swedish to be able to achieve employment and to provide for themselves.

The purposes of this study were to estimate genetic and phenotypic parameters for conformation traits in Swedish Ardenner, a heavy draught horse, and to investigate the inbreeding status of the population. Additionally, a breeding scheme proposal was created, based on the results achieved in the study. The data studied were obtained from the Swedish Horse Board and from the Swedish Ardenner Association. The data included 1632 three-year-old horses, mainly mares, and 356 stallions, judged between 1986 and 2005 at conformation shows. The traits studied were type, head-neck-body, legs, walk and trot at hand, total score and height at withers.

Urban planning in Sweden goes back to a prolonged tradition, and even since the beginning of the 16th century there´s been general plans for urban planning for cities in Sweden.Nowadays every municipality has a directive from the government to establish or re-new the general master plan covering the whole municipality every 4th year.The aim of this paper is to illustrate and shed light on the extent for the planning document and guidelines, and how they change from every active period and in what extent the provisional planning reaches its visions regarding the outcome of the actual city growth. This study was completed by studying the position of every apartment building that?s been constructed for the chosen area over the years of 2000 - 2014 and draw comparisons between the current master plan main visions regarding constructions ? and comparing the two separate visions to pin out the differences in the same subject.The result shows that there are some deviations from the plans but not as much as one would have thought in the city growth, and some deviations from the different planning documents. Some of the deviations was greater than others but overall the visions was about the same..

The aim of this master thesis is to investigate the development on the Swedish book market for the beginning of the 21st century. During the 21st century a lot of things have happened on the Swedish market for library books. Twenty years ago in reality only one company existed that could deliver books with the demanded equipment to the libraries, but in year 2010 there are four companies offering the same service. Other news during this time is bookshops on internet. We found this development interesting and therefore decided to contact the four companies as well as six libraries to find out what they thought of the new situation.

In this project a washing station has been constructed for Albany International AB. At present, there is no existing system to clean the dirty pipes that are coming back to the company.The work followed the product development process, and it started with the requirements list. This was followed by brainstorming, evaluation and completion.The result was a concept for de present time and one concept for the future.The present concept is intended to be built immediately. This is an adjustable bench with sliding bearings to facilitate the work. The actual cleaning is done with a high pressure washer that uses hot water.

De tidigare studierna som undersökt miljökuznetskurvan (EKC) för koldioxid-utsläpp, där de flesta urval baserats på OECD medlemsländer, har fått varierande resultat. Den här studien använder sig av både OECD medlemsländer och länder som inte är medlemmar i OECD. Urvalets data baseras på åren 1971-2010 för totalt 57 länder från runt om i världen. Resultaten visar tecken på ett inverterat U-format förhållande mellan koldioxidutsläpp och inkomstnivå, men att ett monotont stigande förhållande inte kan avfärdas. Enligt de uppskattade ekvationerna är inkomstnivån där utsläppen tenderar att minska lägre för hela urvalet än för både OECD-medlemsländerna och länderna som inte är medlemmar i OECD.

Introduction:Violence towards women is an extensive and important problem in the society. Confronting women who are assulted by their male partner is a demanding task for the nurses.The aim of the study:The aim of this empirical study was to illustrate the experiences of nurses in the meeting with women exposed to violence by their male partner.Method:This is a qualitative interview study including nine female nurses. The material recieved from the interviews was analysed with help of content analysis. Categories were formed named Comunication, feelings, Ability to recognize the women, Lack of time, Need of support and further education. An application to the ethical council at the University of Kristianstad were remitted and approved.