Bakgrund: Att få kunna vårdas och dö hemma i en familjär och välkänd miljö innebär för de allra flesta en känsla av trygghet. För många anhöriga är det självklart att leva nära den döende och ta ansvar för omvårdnaden. Ur ett systemteoretiskt perspektiv kan familjen liknas vid en mobil, vid obalans påverkas alla familjemedlemmar. Syftet med studien var att belysa patientens, anhörigas och sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av palliativ vård i hemmet för att få en ökad förståelse för sjuksköterskors roll i detta sammanhang. Metod: Litteraturstudie där tidigare forskning i ämnet undersökts och sammanställts.

This essay is a comparison according to the ideological thoughts about womens position in the society of Mao Zedong och Josef Stalin. The material I have analysed is writings by Mao and Stalin, in a wide range from leaflets to orders to the armies of the states of China and the Soviet Union. The method I have used is an ideological analysis where the attitude towards women is the target for my survey. The attitude towards women generally was not unified in the world during the time for Mao and Stalin. In many countries the women was intended to take care of the children and the home, not be active in working and fighting.

Bakgrund: Att vårdas i hemmet istället för på sjukhus eller på vårdboende blir vanligare då antalet sjukhusplatser minskar och nya typer av vårdformer etablerats. Detta kan innebära att sjuksköterskor någon gång under sitt yrkesverksamma liv kan komma att vårda patienter i deras eget hem och på så sätt lämna den miljö som sjuksköterskan vanligtvis är van vid. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att med utgångspunkt från; roll, relation och bemötande studera sjuksköterskors upplevelse av att vårda och bemöta patienter som får palliativ vård i hemmet. Metod: Empirisk intervjustudie med en deduktiv kvalitativ ansats, där semistrukturerade frågor utefter intervjuguide användes. Insamlad data analyserades med manifest innehållsanalys. Resultat: Skillnader i upplevelsen mellan roll, relation och bemötande uppfattades då vård av patient bedrevs i hemmet i förhållande till på sjukhus. Klara skillnader av sjuksköterskerollen kunde ses då sjuksköterskan var civilklädd. I relationen till patienten upplevs det mer personlig när sjuksköterskan bjöds in till patienten hem.

The purpose of this study was to examine how some young mothers, who previously have been in foster care or residential care, describe the way motherhood has affected their lives and identities. Narrative interviews were conducted with three teenage mothers and one mother aged 23. As tools for analyzing the narratives, theories about narrative psychology and how people present themselves through story-telling and language were used. The results of the study show that becoming a mother was life-changing in a positive way, according to the young mothers. They described how they, since becoming mothers, had become more mature and now lived less risk-full lives.

Background: Basic hygiene is an important measure to prevent healthcare associated infections, save patients? lives, and reduce economic costs for health care. Healthcare associated infections are a threat to patient safety. In community care persons who are the care takers are a risk group and nurses must make sure that basic hygiene procedures are followed.Method: Literature studies with descriptive design, article search in databases Cinahl and PubMed. The results found are based on twelve chosen articles.Aim: To describe factors related to adherence to basic hygiene and how nurses in community care can help to improve compliance with these procedures.Results: In the nursing staff and leadership in health care interest in and the understanding of basic hygiene is described as being of most importance.

Abstract          Background: End of life is difficult to establish in patients with dementia and many patients die due to complications related to the disease. To document that care are palliative in this group of patients is not common among nurses and physicians. This may depend on that the palliative course is extended and not similar to the palliative course common among patients with cancer. Aim: To describe how the registered staff in nursing homes document the care of persons with dementia in a late palliative phase. Method: A retrospective record study with a deductive approach.

The aim of this essay is to examine the view on children with disability´s in the end of the 19 Th to the beginning of the 20 Th. We will examine the children that lived in Eugeniahememt but we will also examnie the view the society had on the children who lived on Egueniahemmet. In our essay there are four questions that we are going to answer.- Who took the initive to start Eugeniahemmet and how did it affect the activity?- Which view had the society on the children who lived on Eugeniahemmet?- How did the work with the children look like?- Which view had the staff, in Eugeniahemmet, on the children?The method that is being used in this essay is trying to analyses what the material tells us about the view on the children and how the work with the children lookt liked in Eugeniahemmet.The theory that we use is about Michel Focaults look on madness. Focault says that a person who is mad dosen?t have a connection between body and soul and that creates hallucinations witch leeds to madness.

Alltfler människor har en önskan om att få leva sina sista dagar i hemmet. Att vara närstående till en döende person innebär ofta en enorm påfrestning och en krisartad livssituation. Närstående ställs inför svåra utmaningar och upplever en börda i att upprätthålla vardagen och utföra praktiska göromål i vården av den sjuke. Samtidigt får de hantera både den egna och den sjukes sorg och förtvivlan. De närstående ser sin insats som ett sätt att ge tillbaka något av den kärlek de själva fått och har en önskan om att patientens sista vilja ska respekteras.

Palliativ vård definieras enligt Världshälsoorganisationen som ett förhållningssätt som ska syfta till att förbättra livskvaliteten för patienter och deras familjer som drabbas av problem som kan uppstå vid livshotande sjukdom. Det blir allt vanligare att människor med obotliga sjukdomar vårdas hemma den sista tiden i livet och några av förutsättningarna för att vårdas hemma är att det finns fungerande stöd från hemsjukvården samt att närstående är delaktiga i vården. Syftet med studien var att beskriva distriktssköterkans reflektioner och upplevelser av sin egen roll i relationen till närstående vid palliativ vård i hemmet. Studien har en beskrivande design med kvalitativ ansats. Det är en intervjustudie genomförd med åtta distriktssköterskor som arbetade med hemsjukvård och palliativ vård i hemmet.

The purpose of this essay is to investigate which components previous scientific studies suggest that an efficient treatment for adolescents with behavioural problems should contain. For this purpose, an extensive review of scientific research conducted in Scandinavia has been read and will be presented in this essay. This essay also present an introduction to residential care in Sweden as well as to an alternative form of treatment for adolescents with behavioural problems called Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care (MTFC). The result of this essay suggest that treatment of adolescents with behavioural problems should be based on the emphasis of risk/resilience factors of the youth and that the treatment should be adapted to the youth?s individual personality and way of learning.

The proponents for conscience wants to get a clause that will allow the health professionals to due. scruples waive certain duties. Swedens decision makers has despite pressure from the Christian De-mocrats and the Sweden Democrats decided not to implement freedom of conscience in health care. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether Sweden has the obligation to provide for freedom of conscience in health care. Furthermore, it must be examined, whose rights according to the law will go first, health professionals right to freedom of conscience or the patient right to equal treat-ment.

The main purpose of this master's thesis is to investigate to what extent municipal politicians govern a selected public library. This means to clarify who determines the direction of the library and its services and in what way. It also involves examining the relationship between library staff and local politicians in the decision-making process. Which decisions are made by the politicians and which are left to the employees? The study is based on an investigation of a public library in a municipality over a period of ten years the 1990s.

INTRODUCTION: Research from both nurse and patient perspective highlights shortcomings in psychiatric inpatient care for people with Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI). Nursing for people with NSSI, a subject in need for further knowledge, is in this study examined through a theoretical framework based on Person-Centered Nursing and Patientology AIM: Based on people's own experiences of being cared for NSSI in psychiatric inpatient care, the aim is to elucidate development opportunities for the nursing care of this group of patients.METHOD: Seven informants, all women aged 25-31, were interviewed about their experiences of nursing in psychiatric inpatient care. The transcribed text was analyzed and categorized according to an existential hermeneutic research approach.RESULTS: The categorization of the interviews resulted in seven areas of nursing in need of development. Knowledge, Environment, Information, Routines, Involvement, Communication and The nurse?s actions.CONCLUSION: Development of nursing is prevented since NSSI is stigmatized within psychiatric inpatient care.

Backround: Many studies indicate that people with mental illness often suffer from physical illness. Many people with mental illness do not exercise even though they often have knowledge about the benefits of physical activity. Studies suggest that psychiatric patients have the desire to have an everyday life with more content. It is apparent in studies that healthcare professionals believe that it is the patients' own responsibility to keep themselves physically active.Aim: The primary objective with this study is to examine motivation and possible obstacles to exercise for persons with self-perceived mental illness and experience of psychiatric care. The secondary objective is to investigate how psychiatric care may be of importance to people with mental illness when it comes to exercise.Methods: Semi-structured interviews.

ABSTRACTBackground: Obesity and overweight are health issues that more than every tenth person around the world suffers from and the number of individuals with BMI >30 is every growing. As a result, more patients that are subjects to anesthesia will have an increased BMI. Changes in respiration, airway anatomy, altered drug metabolism and multiple physiological changes in the body makes general anesthesia, of the patient with obesity, an anesthesiological challenge.Purpose: The aim of this study is to identify the specific anesthesiological nursing care of the patient with a BMI >30, undergoing general anesthesia.Method: A research plan is created and to test its credibility, a pilotstudy of 15 surveys in two surgical departments will be conducted. This study has a qualitative inductive design and the data collected through semistructured questionnaires. The result was analyzed using qualitative content analysis.Result: The result showed a clear focus on three main areas; airway management, pharmaceuticals and positioning of the patient.