Background: Relatives to people with schizophrenia often experience a great burden and inmany cases takes a lot of responsibility for the person suffering from schizophrenia. Nationalguidelines emphasize the importance for relatives to be involved in mental health care, butunfortunately that is not always the case. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigateand describe how relatives to people with schizophrenia have experienced collaboration andsupport from mental health services, and what requests they might have for the futureregarding the design of collaboration and support. Method: Qualitative approach. Interviewbased study with qualitative content analysis as a method.

This thesis aims to investigate SAAB AB´s possibilities to use synthetic instruments in their test systems. The reason for this is reducing costs and the risk of obsolescence which is common when test systems operate for several decades.The market around synthetic instruments has been explored in the search for suitable hardware and software. Software has been developed in LabVIEW and synthetic instruments have been created with the help of IVI-drivers. The hardware consisted of PXI-instruments (Waveform generator and Digitizer), connected to a computer using a fiber optic link and PXI-chassi. The created instruments was then compared to common instruments used today, and the comparison turned out well.

Bakgrund: Övervikt och fetma (obesitas) är ett allvarligt globalt och nationellt folkhälsoproblem. Tidigare studier har visat att fetma är förknippat med nedsatt livskvalitet och mental ohälsa hos vuxna, tonåringar och barn. Dock har få studerat sambandet mellan fetma och livskvalitet bland unga vuxna. Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva hälsorelaterad livskvalitet, mental hälsa och antropometriska mått hos en grupp obesa unga vuxna i åldern 16-25 år (n=203) samt att göra en jämförelse mellan deras hälsorelaterade livskvalitet och resultat från populationsstudier.Metod: En beskrivning av den aktuella gruppen genomfördes med hjälp av de data som samlats in vid inskrivningstillfället vid överviktscentrum på Norrtulls sjukhus. Den hälsorelaterade livskvaliteten mättes med hjälp av Euroqol five dimensions (EQ5D) och resultatet jämfördes med befolkningsstudier utförda i Stockholm, Uppsala och Jämtland där samma instrument använts.

Denna kvalitativa intervjustudie söker svar på frågan hur rehabiliteringsarbetet med kommunalanställda som är långtidssjukskrivna på grund av mental ohälsa i Burlövs Kommun fungerar. Detta arbete sker i samverkan mellan flera aktörer och studeras därför som ett projekt där de olika aktörerna utgör projektets deltagare. Det empiriska materialet analyseras med hjälp av de teoretiska analysverktygen Rationalitet, Verklighet och Makt.Studien visar på brister i rehabiliteringsarbetet som framförallt beror på en ojämnlik maktfördelning inom projektet. Arbetsgivarens syn på sjukskrivning, mental ohälsa och rehabilitering styr i hög grad projektets början, riktning och slut och flera av de övriga projektdeltagarna upplever därför att deras kunskap och möjligheter att bedriva en god rehabilitering ignoreras. Inte minst gäller detta de sjukskrivna själva som känner sig misstrodda, övergivna och pressade i rehabiliteringsarbetet, vilket förvärrar och försvårar deras aktiva väg tillbaka till arbete och långsiktig hälsa..

The flexibility of the labour market is considered as an instrument for increasing economic growth.Therefore has the use of flexible employment, also called atypical employment, increased. The atypical employment is characterized by insecurity in comparison with a traditional permanent full- time employment. One of the most common atypical employments is the manning employment, which is insecure whether it is permanent or not. The insecurity in the industry is based on insecure income, unpredictable working hours and poor psychosocial work environment.In order to encourage a continued increase of flexibility in the labour market while the need for security for staffing employees would be satisfied was Directive 2008:104 adopted. A certain amount of security has been achieved.

AbstractAim of the study: Aim of the study was to investigate whether there were any connections in time between different parts of care in patients with cardiac arrest and hypothermia treatment and cognitive and physical function six months after cardiac arrest and to investigate neurological outcome related to primary registered cardiac arrest rhythm after six months and if there were any changes in cognitive and physical functions as well as self-related health between discharge from hospital and six months after cardiac arrest.Method: The study included 39 patients admitted to three Swedish hospitals between 2008-2011. Cognitive and physical function was evaluated with Cerebral Performance Cathegory, CPC completed with Mini Mental State Examination, MMSE for cognitive function and Bartels Index, BI for physical function and Euroqol-VAS for evaluating the self-related health.Result:  A significant connection was shown between time to start hypothermia treatment and BI, patients with longer time showed improved physical function after six months.Majority of the participants (66,7 %) had Ventricular fibrillation/Ventricular tachycardia, VF /VT, as primary registered cardiac arrest rhythm and in this group CPC and BI was significant better compared with the asystole /Pulsless Electrical Aktivity, PEA group.CPC, MMSE, BI and Euroqol-VAS were all improved over time.Conclusion: Participants with VF /VT as primary registered cardias arrest rhythm had significant better cognitive and physical function 6 months after hypothermia-treated cardiac arrest compared with participants with asystole/PEA as primary registered rhythm. This shows the importance of access to defibrillators in public places in the society and in hospitals and optimal education of lay people and medical staff. Cognitive and physical function and self-rated health improves over time, which might be a very important reason to convey patients, relatives and medical staff to continue cognitive and physical rehabilitation. Keywords: Cardiac arrest, hypothermia, cognitive and physical function, wellbeeing.

Introduction: More and more children and young people get the diagnosis celiac disease established. Celiac is a life-long disease, which means that the child during the rest of its life has to be on a strictly gluten-free diet. There are few studies so far, which have examined how children having a life-long disease with food treatment and increasing prevalence really experience their health related quality of life (HRQoL).Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine how children (8 ? 18 years old) suffering from celiac valued their HRQoL and to illustrate as well whether the age of the child and its extent of disease when it was taken ill affected the child?s evaluation of HRQoL later in life. The purpose was also to compare whether the children?s parents valued the HRQoL of their children to the same extent as the children did.Method: 160 children, 54 boys and 102 girls were included in the study.

There is no standardized test to control the appropriate physical ability in the Swedish ambulance service. The county in question does not perform annual physical tests. A project has been going to develop science-based physical tests, designed for the ambulance service. The research has resulted in the Aasa-test.Objective: The aims of this study were to examine the ambulance staff perception of the Aasa-test relevance, introduction of annual tests and the importance of their own physical training in relation to ambulance work.Method: A quasi-experimental study with a comparative design has been conducted. Aasa-tests were conducted in 41 randomly selected staff at an ambulance station in central Sweden.

Chlamydophila psittaci is a common cause of diseases in parrots ranging from being less serious to more serious. It is also a zoonotic disease which poses serious health problems to humans. The disease is highly under diagnosed. The symptoms in birds are nonspecific and may be indicative of many different diseases which make it harder to diagnose and treat. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of C.

Incompatibility between donors and recipients can cause fatal hemolytic transfusion reactions (HTR), kidney damage and death and immunization of the recipient. Antigens on the surface of erythrocytes in the ABO blood group system and regular natural antibodies against these in the patient?s plasma must be considered. An individual always has a corresponding antibody of IgM in their plasma. Irregular antibodies acquired by transfusion or pregnancy and active in body temperature also cause the HTR incompatibility.

This study is based on the child welfare agency and social welfare board definition in Växjö City about the people who were defined as feebleminded and which solution they choose for this ?social problem?, with focus if they used sterilization as a solution to this ?problem? during the years 1934-1941. The individuals who were regarded as feebleminded were alcoholics, unemployed, people who were feeble in their mind, people who had mental diseases, people who were vagrants and poor people. According to earlier research these people were categorized in a subclass and their behavior were not regarded as ordinary like a human who had a healthy mind, according to that period believes.The boards in Växjö defined the feebleminded people with mentally deficient minds, mental retardation, poverty and in some cases disturbed self-activity. However the most common definition of the feebleminded was mentally deficient minds and mental retardation.

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Background: One in ten couples suffers from some form of involuntary childlessness or infertility in Sweden. Involuntary childlessness or infertility is when an individual or a couple has a desire for a child but are unable to conceive on their own. To suffer from involuntary childlessness can be a mental strain that can result in a personal crisis, where the existential issues become central and contested. Regardless of the reason for their changed life world is because of involuntary childlessness or infertility, it is always important for the nurse to have an understanding of individual?s life-changing world and experiences. Aim: The aim of the study was to describe men and women experiences of involuntary childlessness during investigation and treatment.Method: Selected method was a literature review. The study was based on articles from systematic and unsystematic searches in databases and analyzed from the chosen method.Results: Four main themes emerged from the analysis, 'The changing life-world', 'The mental strain', 'Perceptions of relationships and social life' and 'experiences related to treatment'.Conclusion: Being involuntarily childless and infertile create a mental, physical and social stress. Clinically, this means a responsibility to offer a personalized support. For the nurse it is important to have an understanding of individual life-world and how the involuntary childlessness affects them. .

I have conducted a review on four countries in Scandinavia and the goal was to create a better understanding about what has caused homelessness in this countries. The result shows that the causes of homelessness can be explained by a variety of reasons. The most common causes of homelessness were related to mental illness and drug abuse. There where also other causes of homelessness, which was considered normal in Scandinavia. Examples of other causes were eviction, unemployment, housing policy, housing shortage, payment of debts, separations and family problems..

It is reported that adolescents' health is deteriorating, when their mental illness has increased. Adolescents' social conditions have also become worse. The mental illness is linked to the individual living conditions. The purpose of this study is to investigate which factors adolescents experience have been contributing to making a lifestyle change. The apparent factors can be used to promote adolescents´ health.