This report is the result of a degree project in building engineering, at an advanced level. The project evaluated a building from a technical and historical point of view, and focused on its energy consumption, particularly the energy used for heating. The building in question was a small apartment building in Strömsholm, Sweden. It was made in 1902, from vertical logs, a not so common form of the traditional log house. The goal of the project was to evaluate if the energy consumption could be reduced in accordance with building preservation regulations, that is without damaging any of the building?s cultural or historical values.The building was surveyed with the help of archive and literature studies, interviews and inspections.

Barns musikaliska intresse och utveckling kan bero pÄ förÀldrarnas pÄverkan genom uppvÀxten. I den hÀr rapporten presenteras resultatet av kvalitativa intervjuer med sex mammor med barn i en Älder under tvÄ Är. Tre av mammorna Àgnar sig Ät musik i sin profession, medan de andra tre har ett mer allmÀnt musikintresse. Oberoende av förÀldrarnas bakgrund visar det sig att de anser musikalisk stimulering vara nÄgonting viktig och nyttig för deras barns utveckling. Till exempel har alla i intervjugruppen deltagit i nÄgon form av musikalisk aktivitet Àmnad för barn.

MÄnga gamla spel som spelades pÄ gamla konsoler och datorer kördes pÄ sammamaskin med tvÄ eller flera spelare anslutna med egna individuella kontroller. Idag Àrinternet vÀl utspritt och mÄnga spel erbjuder multiplayer-spel via internet. Detta varförstÄs inte möjligt pÄ de gamla konsolerna och datorerna, men med hjÀlp av deemulatorer som finns för mÄnga gamla plattformar idag kan man skapa möjlighetenatt spela över internet i de gamla spelen genom att skicka varje knapptryckning enspelare utför mellan spelarnas datorer och pÄ det sÀttet emulera det existerandeflerspelarlÀget i spelet.Kaillera-protokollet, som Àr baserat Client-server-arkitekturen, Àr ett protokolldesignat för att spela gamla spel genom emulatorer över nÀtverk. Det harimplementerats i ett antal populÀra emulatorer med hjÀlp av ett tredjepartsbibliotekmed samma namn. Kaillera fungerar genom att synkronisera spelarnas input for eachbild som visas i spelet.

In a phonological assessment, the aim is to obtain systematic and reliable data of a child's speech output, which can then serve as a basis for a decision on an appropriate intervention (Wolk & Meisler, 1998). Whether phonological assessment should be derived from an analysis of picture-naming or a conversation with the child, and whether the two methods for elicitation generate equivalent results, has been debated among clinicians and researchers for an extended time (Masterson, Bernhardt & Hofheintz, 2005).The aim of the present study was to compare two methods of speech elicitation for phonological assessment: spontaneous conversation and picture-naming, respectively. In the study, the procedures have been used when assessing children with phonological disorders as well as children with typical language development. The results are presented using two levels of phonological analysis; degree of phonological impairment, in terms of percentage of phonemes correct (PPC), and type of phonological impairment, in terms of phonological simplification processes. Eighteen (18) children participated in the study, nine (9) with phonological impairment (age 3;10 ? 5;11), and nine with typical phonologic development (age 3;2 ? 4;6).

BakgrundSmÄ familjeÀgda aktiebolags styrelsesammansÀttning brukar kÀnnetecknas av en överlappning mellan familjen och företaget. SmÄ företag har ofta inte rÄd med det antal kompetenta styrelseledamöter som de har behov av och kan dÀrmed gÄ miste om viktig information, kompetens och erfarenheter som en extern styrelseledamot kan bidra med. Vidare har tidigare forskning visat att externa styrelseledamöter kan tillföra ett frÀmmande inslag i familjeföretaget vilket kan ge en kÀnsla som innebÀr förlust av kontroll. Slutligen kan det anses finnas brister i tidigare forskning dÄ smÄ företag har undersökts i mindre utstrÀckning.ForskningsfrÄgorVad Àr det som avgör varför smÄ familjeföretag vÀljer att tillsÀtta externa styrelseledamöter eller inte?SyfteSyftet Àr att genom kvalitativa intervjuer förklara smÄ familjeföretags tillsÀttande av externa styrelseledamöter.MetodStudien har byggts pÄ en kvalitativ metod med semistrukturerade intervjuer som genomförts med tio VD:ar i tio smÄ svenska familjeÀgda aktiebolag.Teoretisk referensramsDen teoretiska referensramen bygger pÄ en trecirkelmodell som beskriver familjeföretags överlappande system.

The demand for shorter lead-times and increased delivery reliability puts pressure on companies to provide more efficient logistic services. One strategy to deal with this demand is by outsourcing logistics to a third part. The development of logistics information systems enables increased control over business supply chains. This is why Green Cargo aims to create a Logistics Control Tower (LCT) solution to provide it?s customers with better information with higher availability.

There is a growing awareness that multinational companies have opportunities to influence political conditions. Ethical activities made by multinational companies and ?Corporate Social Responsibility? (CSR) can therefore function as a positive input in society. The primary purpose of this master thesis is to investigate CSRÂŽs contribution to strengthen human rights, and thereby to democratization. The research questions are listed below:1.

The aim is to develop a new decision-making model for credit-loans. The model will be specific for credit applicants of the OKQ8 bank, becauseit is based on data of earlier applicants of credit from the client (the bank). The final model is, in effect, functional enough to use informationabout a new applicant as input, and predict the outcome to either the good risk group or the bad risk group based on the applicant?s properties.The prediction may then lay the foundation for the decision to grant or deny credit loan.Because of the skewed distribution in the response variable, different sampling techniques are evaluated. These include oversampling with SMOTE, random undersampling and pure oversampling in the form of scalar weighting of the minority class.

Discussing light and lighting in the night-time environment of Tensta, a Stockholm suburb built between 1962 and 1970, this thesis suggests that lighting should be designed for the outdoor environment as a whole. The feeling of safety and human perception are important components in this thesis. Starting with some comments on visual perception and how we adapt our sight to an interval of the visual input we get, makes it possible to understand that more light sometimes hides, rather than reveals, things. Amongst the dispersed houses, in the green parks of Tensta, this turns the pedestrian roads, lit by pole-top-mounted fixtures, into light tunnels in a dark surrounding. Talking about the feeling of safety I am inspired by, amongst others K. Lynch, B. Hjort and J.

Today's fierce competition means that companies constantly must develop their business and internal processes. Focus on processes and continuous improvement is something that characterizes Lean Production which ICA logistics are applying with their concept Leading Logistics. Standardized routines for handling damaged gods were insufficient at the ICA distribution center in KungÀlv. Handling and registration of damaged gods were not performed uniformly, resulting in problems with controlling and monitoring the process.The purpose of this thesis was to analyze and make recommendations how the process of internal handling of damaged gods could be improved. Therefore a comprehensive understanding was needed of the entire material flow through the warehouse and important quality aspects such as product safety and delivery reliability.The methods used are literature reviews, interviews and observations to produce a comprehensive process mapping of the current situation at the distribution center.

The bioenergy market has been introduced relatively late in a perspective of the Swedish forestry. Nowadays branches and tops are used more frequently as bioenergy after harvesting. Therefore, it has developed a competitive situation between pulpwood and bioenergy. This situation has even established some questions. Two examples of these are: ? At what top diameter should the final piece of pulpwood be crosscut to get the best economically result? ? Should the top diameter, at the final piece of pulpwood, be crosscut at a thicker or smaller diameter than what is done today? The purpose of this report is to answer these two questions when the harvesting is made motor manually in beech stands.

Syftet med denna litteraturstudie ?r att unders?ka hur civilsamh?llets fotbollsinitiativ i Sverige bidrar till sociala funktioner genom att fr?mja h?lsa, st?rka gemenskap och integration samt fungera som ett f?rebyggande verktyg mot utanf?rskap och kriminalitet. Studien avser ?ven att belysa vilka mekanismer och f?ruts?ttningar som m?jligg?r eller begr?nsar dessa processer. Studien genomf?rdes som en systematisk litteraturstudie baserad p? vetenskapligt granskade artiklar fr?n databasen ?Web of Science? identifierade genom Ume? universitetsbiblioteks s?ktj?nst.

SkÀrgÄrdsstiftelsen, which is responsible for several of the archipelago islands in Stockholm, has chosen to explore the possibilities for more sustainable heating systems in buildings on the islands in collaboration with KTH. A reduction of energy use and improving the efficiency of existing heating systems are included as part of the environmental work. This report studies the island of Grinda, which is located outside the area of Vaxholm in Stockholm. The study area consists of a guesthouse consisting of a restaurant as well as conference facilities and four neighboring cottages used for overnighting. The cottages now run solely on direct electricity, both for heating and hot water.

Delineation of recharge areas for aquifers is performed in the groundwater mapping process at the Swedish geological survey, SGU. This work is time consuming and performed manually. It is therefore desirable to develop a more general and repeatable method for defining recharge areas for aquifers.The purpose of this study was to investigate two other possible methods to delineate recharge areas for aquifers. The first method was to examine the possibility of using the topography of the bedrock to define the recharge areas for aquifers. To enable this, a method for generating the topography of the bedrock was developed.

During 2006 SNVDB (the national road data base for forestry) is being introduced to Holmen Skog. This data base contains all information about Holmen Skogs road systems. The information will then be used in different kinds of optimisation models which only produce correct and reliable results if the input data are of the adequate quality. Today there are reasons to believe that road data is of various qualities. The forest roads are often in a bad condition and have to be improved before a planned harvest. The cost of maintenance and construction of new roads is a large part of the total harvesting cost.