Då antalet motionärer och utövare av tävlingsidrott ökar finns det risk att antalet skador ökar i motsvarande grad. Syftet med denna interventionsstudie var att undersöka om det gick att minska antalet skador hos manliga elitishockeyspelare under en säsong genom implementering av somatiska och kognitiva interventioner. Undersökningsdeltagarna bestod av en experimentgrupp och en kontrollgrupp med 9 respektive 13 ishockeyspelare. ACSI-28 och SAS användes som mätinstrument för copingresurser och personlighet i form av ängslan/oro genom en före- och eftermätning. Interventionerna bestod av avslappning, stresshantering, målsättning, självförtroende och attributioner.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate Komm-A, a model for usingcommunication books in clinical practice for people with aphasia. The studyconsisted of two group studies and one case study. One of the group studies had apretest-posttest design and consisted of nine couples; a person with aphasia andhis/her communication partner. The material used was Quality of communicationlife scale (QCL), Communicative effectiveness index (CETI), Goal attainmentscaling (GAS), and a questionnaire to the communication partner. The other groupstudy consisted of seven speech-language pathologists who worked with thecouples according to the Komm-A model.

Abstract Aim: Since there is a lack of research based educational interventions concerning the relationship between coaches and young athletes, the aim of this study was to implement and examine the effects of sport psychology intervention for coaches in a track and field club. The research questions were: What are the effects of an educational intervention for coaches, with focus on a motivational climate, on: A) the coaches´ coaching approach B) their athletes´ goal orientation and C) their athletes´ perceived competitive anxiety?Method: The coach education stretched over two months and consisted of four two-hour lessons with focus on motivational climate, goal orientation and sport anxiety. Six coaches (three females, three males), aged 38-52 (M=44.33 years, SD=4.84) and their 59 athletes (27 males and 32 females) aged 12-14 (M=13.10 years, SD=0.82), participated in the study. A control group of 35 athletes (10 males and 25 females), of the same age (M=13.46 years, SD=0.70) and with similar demographic data, was also recruited.

Stressade medarbetare kostar pengar, sänker produktivitet och bidrar till ohälsa. Genom perspektivtagande kan vi ändra förhållningssätt till vårt psykologiska innehåll. ?Självet-som-kontext? ingår i ?psykologisk flexibilitet? och innebär att ta perspektiv till sitt psykologiska innehåll. ?Prosocialt hjälpbeteende? är att ta ett nytt perspektiv till andra.

Barn som växer upp med en förälder med psykisk ohälsa löper större risk att själva drabbas av psykisk ohälsa. Det finns ett stort mörkertal kring hur många barn i Sverige som växer upp under dessa förhållanden. Det är dock många som trots stora påfrestningar klarar sig bra i livet. Anledningarna till att barnen klarar sig bra är skyddsfaktorer som finns inom barnet och i dess omgivning.Uppsatsens syfte är att med kvalitativt angreppsätt, utifrån två perspektiv studera hur individer kan uppleva det att växa upp med en förälder med psykisk ohälsa samt vilket stöd som målgruppen kan efterfråga. Studiens resultat visar att uppväxten med en förälder med psykisk ohälsa kan påverka individen.

The purpose of this study was to examine young offenders? attitudes towards crime, and to the penalty they have been sentenced to as juveniles. More specifically its aim was to examine an intervention program called Galaxen, specifically used  to deal with  juveniles  in Växjö. This intervention program consists mainly of conversations with social workers from social services,  aiming  towards  better  self-awareness  and  the  ability  to  understand  the  consequences  of one?s actions.

Hearing is considered to be the most important sense for the communication between people. Several studies have shown that hearing loss can lead to deterioration in quality of life, reduced social activities, feelings of alienation and hence the increasing incidence of depression symptoms.An early audiological rehabilitation is a prerequisite for proper communication among people with hearing loss. Knowledge has been shown to be of great importance and structured learning and individually targeted approach can be expected to facilitate the audiological rehabilitation.The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of an educational effort for people with hearing loss where the effort was made in the distance within the audiological rehabilitation and was followed-up by professional phone support, through a randomized controlled study.The study group consisted of 69 hearing aid users who were randomized by an independent person into two groups, an intervention group and a control group. The intervention group (n = 33) had access to the book "When the sounds are weaker - on hearing and hearing aids". The group received weekly topic-based information related to the different chapters of the book, in five rounds.

AbstractAim: The aim of this study was to investigate if treatment with ?dry needling? in myofascial triggerpoints (MTrPs) in the rotatorcuff muscles may affect impingement symptoms such as pain during provocative tests, shoulder mobility, and function. The research questions were: Does the value of pain change on the Visual Analog Pain Scale (VAS) between before and after treatment? Do the positive provocative tests for impingement change between before and after treatment? Does the active shoulder mobility change between before and after treatment? Does the self-rated function change between before and after treatment?Method: The study was a prospective randomized intervention study and 19 persons with impingement symptoms (mean ± standard deviation; 58 ± 18 years, and shoulder pain duration 3.9 ± 1.6 months) were randomized into two groups. The groups were tested before, directly after and 3 weeks after treatment.

SAMMANFATTNING                                                                                             Syftet med interventionsstudien var att undersöka om ROAG (revised oral assessment guide) munbedömningsinstrument förbättrade sjuksköterskor bedömning av cancerpatienters munhälsa på en palliativ vårdenhet.Metoden hade en kvasiexperimentell design med en journalgranskning före och efter en intervention. Interventionen bestod av en kortare utbildning av munhälsa samt införandet av ROAG munbedömningsinstrumentet.Resultatet visade att både bedömningar och åtgärder av munhälsan har ökat statistiskt signifikant jämfört med före interventionen på den palliativa vårdenheten, resultatet visar också att det inte alltid finns rätt koppling mellan symtom och åtgärd.Slutsats ROAG munbedömningsinstrument är ett bra verktyg för sjuksköterskor att använda för att bedöma munhälsan på en palliativ vårdenhet, men det räcker inte bara med ROAG munbedömningsinstrument utan det behövs kontinuerlig utbildning för att förbättra bedömningar och åtgärder ..

Fetma och övervikt är ett stort samhällsproblem, dåförhållanden under uppväxtåren är avgörande för framtida livsstilsvanor. Därförses de som den främsta och viktigaste målgruppen för folkhälsoinsatser.Dennastudie syftar till att undersöka coachers berättelser om uppfattningar kringvad samtal för att förebygga uppkomsten av övervikt och fetma innebär.Uppsatsenbygger på en kvalitativ ansats med inspiration av berättelseforskning. Intervjuär den metod som har använts. Totalt har tre personer som arbetar som coacherinom en interventionell forskningsstudie deltagit.Resultatetvisade att utan tidigare erfarenhet inom området uppfattas mångasvårigheter i att hålla samtal som coach. Att arbeta som erfaren coach innebäratt man uppfattar studiens deltagare som mer motiverade, medvetna, kapabla tillförändring samt ser empati som väldigt betydelsefullt för samtalen ochhoppfullt på studiens effekt.

Introduction: In January 2005, a nationwide mandatory bicycle helmet law for children under the age of 15 was introduced in Sweden. In the current study, the effect of this law was evaluated by analyzing national trends in hospital admissions due to bicycle-related head injuries during the period 1998-2011.Methods: An interrupted time-series design with segmented regression analysis was used to evaluate the intervention effect on head injuries as a percentage of all injuries (%HI) among cyclists in age- and sex-specific groups. Effect was measured as a change in level and/or slope of the trend at the time of legislation.Results: A total of 35261 cyclists (0-54 years) were hospitalized due to a bicycle injury during the study period. Linear regression analyses of the entire study period (not segmented) showed significant year-to-year decreases in the %HI of 1.3-1.7% in all age and sex-specific groups (p < .0001). Results from the segmented regression analysis showed that, at the time of legislation, a significant drop in level occurred among males under 15 years (-4.5% [95% CI: -7.7% to -1.3%], p = .01) and a significant change in slope occurred among females aged 30-54 years (-1.6% [95% CI: -2.9% to -0.2%], p = .025).Conclusions: The law seems to have had an effect on males in the target population (<15 years).

Pauser och återhämtning tenderar att få allt mindre utrymme både i arbetet och på fritiden och en stillasittande livsstil har kommit att bli en av de allra största riskfaktorerna för ohälsa. Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur personer med stillasittande arbete upplever rörelsepauser. Metoden som användes för att svara på forskningsfrågorna var en kvalitativ datainsamling i form av öppna brev. En intervention med ett rörelseprogram utfördes på två arbetsplatser i norra Sverige. Sammanlagt deltog 32 personer.

Introduction: Each year 1200-1300 patients are diagnosed with head neck cancer. Treatment that involves radiotherapy can cause severe side effects for example trismus that affects quality of life.Purpose: To study health-related quality of life in patients who have undergone radiation treatment for head and neck cancer and participated in a intervention group who received training intended to prevent trismus or in a control group who received standard treatment.Method: This is a prospective study in which data is collected from 66 patients participating in a randomized study aiming to evaluate a training program to prevent trismus. Thirty three participated in the intervention group and thirty three in the control group. Both patient groups assessed health related quality of life (HRQOL) with EORTC QLQ C30 and QLQ-H&N35, at start and end of the radiation treatment, and at 3 and 6-months after completing radiation treatment.Results: There is no difference between the intervention and control groups regarding symptoms, functional status and global health, except for intake of nutritional supplements.  For both groups almost all scales measuring HRQOL deteriorated under the radiation treatment. However, 3 and 6 months after end of radiotherapy HRQOL had improved and had returned to the baseline values.

Background: Flavan-3-ols are polyphenolic phytochemicals belonging to the flavonoids. Flavan-3-ols are present in many higher plants and are particularly concentrated in e.g. Camellia sinensis (tea) and Theobroma cacao (cacao) and have got attention due to their antioxidative capacity. Many studies have been able to associate flavan-3-ol-rich foods to improved endothelial function. The aim of the present work is to review the scientific literature and evaluate the evidence for positive effects of flavan-3-ols on endothelial dysfunction in humans. Method: Scientific articles describing intervention and observational studies about flavan-3-ols and endothelial dysfunction, were searched for on http://www.pubmed.org.

The demand för Swedish pork meat is increasing every day. This leads to agricultural farming having to develop as an industry, with larger and more rationalised units to make the farming more effective and to raise the financial profit. The consequence of this is that it affects the animals when their surroundings become more industrial. The pig´s natural behaviour becomes restricted by the limitations of the facilities, which leads to them becoming understimulated. Helena Kummel, a teacher at Munkagård upper secondary school and also an educated animal inspector has developed a prototype that could possibly replace the pig´s natural rooting behaviour inside the barn. The porpuse of this report is to study "bökboxen" in the gilts´actual living enviroment, through qualitative- and quantitative analysis.