Human presence has always influenced the surrounding areas, the forest as well. Structure and species composition have changed during human land use. Knowledge regarding these changes should be of great interest for conservation and forestry. We have analyzed human impact on the tree species composition on five study sites during 2000 years in Ångermanland, Sweden. More specifically the change in tree species composition in percentage amongst alder, birch, spruce and pine over time.

The audiologists´ knowledge-domain is generally described as a unique combination of medical, technical, social and behavioural sciences. It gives prominence to the importance of an adequate education relating to the knowledge-demands the students´encounter during their trainee-period. However, an important question is if the educational content corresponds to the knowledge-demands during the training? Aim: This study aimed to identify the knowledge-demands of students during their trainee-period. Furthermore, to identify how the students´ actual knowledge was related to the encountered knowledge-demands.

The aim of the study was to investigate social workers and managers experiences of ending child welfare investigations within the statutory period of four months. We also investigated their experience of investigation time is used in practice. To get answers for our purpose, we conducted a qualitative study. We strategic selected three social workers and four managers to our interviews.The results showed that both social workers and managers have experience with child welfare investigations that are not completed within the statutory time. A township that departed had no experience.

During and after World War II Sweden was spying in the occupied Baltic countries which had been occupied, from 1943 by Nazi Germany and from 1944 by the Soviet Union. It began in 1943, with the Germans still occupying the Baltic countries, when Sweden and its intelligence service ?C-byrån? recruited volunteers among the Baltic refugees in Sweden and sent them back to the countries they had fled from. Many of the Baltic refugees to Sweden were men aged 25-45 so the Swedish intelligence service had a good recruiting source. This started the first period of intelligence operations in the three Baltic countries.

Syftet med denna studie har varit att undersöka de val, inslag och strategier som präglar nyanlända flyktingars vardag. För att kunna uppfylla syftet har fyra flyktingar intervjuats och uppsatsens disposition har strukturerats efter det som de upplevt som relevanta inslag i vardagen. Uppsatsens teoretiska ram är fenomenologisk, där fokus läggs på studiet av individers dagliga liv och den kunskap som styr utformningen av det. Materialet visar att informanterna trots skilda personligheter, olika förflutet och skild etnisk bakgrund skildrar vardagen på liknande sätt. De likartade upplevelserna visar på att tillvaron till stor del ordnas utifrån de valmöjligheter som samhället erbjuder och att utformandet av den personliga livsplanen struktureras efter dessa..

This thesis explores in which ways the portrayal of the event known as the Stockholm bloodbath has changed during the period 1869-1996. This is done through textbook analysis. In Sweden, history has been a school subject since the 17th century, and has throughout its history had a formative role in the Swedish school system. In the middle of the 19th century it was specifically stated that the aim was to help students nurture a sense of national pride and love of country. The aim of the study is to investigate how nationally loaded events have been portrayed in text books, as well as if and how the evolution of said textbooks reflect the evolution of the history subject as a whole.

GE Healthcare operates in Uppsala (Sweden) and develops systems, equipments and medium to purify medical substances. Discussions with the local authority concerning planed far-reaching changes and upgrades of the biological process techniques for sewage management, aroused the question about revising the terms of permit for the activity. Therefore it seemed necessary to evaluate a newly installed biological process technique, which is the background of this thesis. The evaluated biological treatment process was built in 2003 and consists of a biological reactor filled with moving bed carriers with a high surface area for biological growth. At the time of the project the biological wastewater treatment plant consisted of a flow equalization facility and two following parallel biological processes; a biological reactor with moving bed carriers and a tower trickling filter.The aim of this thesis was to survey the function of the biological reactor with respect to the reduction of organic matter.

Early Swedish films from the 1910?s and 1920?s are not only an important part of Sweden?s cultural heritage, but also an important part of the international film heritage. This period is often refereed to as the golden age of Swedish film history. Despite this fact, the possibility to watch Swedish films from this period is very small and the main purpose of this thesis is to examine why the availability of these films has such low priority in the Swedish film policy and at the Swedish Film Institute. With the use of policy analysis, I study governmental policies and policies from the Swedish Film Institute for early Swedish films and seek to identify the policy problem and its different parts.

Vid EU:s toppmöte i Lissabon i mars år 2000 enades de aktuella medlemsländerna om att unionen år 2010 ska vara världens mest konkurrenskraftiga och dynamiska kunskapsbaserade ekonomi, med möjlighet till hållbar ekonomisk tillväxt med fler och bättre arbetstillfällen och en högre grad av social sammanhållning. Den fria rörligheten framhålls av många ekonomer och samhällsdebattörer som en viktig faktor för regionens ökade tillväxt och utveckling. I denna studie behandlas Lissabonstrategins inverkan på unga vuxna, i detta fall gymnasiestuderande, på den europeiska utbildnings- och arbetsmarknaden. Studiens empiriska undersökning utreder vilka geografiska horisonter tio gymnasiestuderande på två svenska utlandsskolor i Spanien har gällande sin framtida studie- och yrkessituation. Dessa redan ?internationaliserade? elever kan antas vara idealiska medborgare i en region som uppmuntrar fri rörlighet och ökade gemensamma lösningar över nationsgränserna. Enligt Högskoleverket föreligger ett behov av en ökad internationalisering av såväl studie- och yrkesvägledarutbildningen som dessa yrkesverksamma.

In the field of municipal services there are a wide range of aspects a small community must consider, especially considering that the circumstances in which a municipality operate continuously are changing. The changes include, for example, migration, individual lifestyles, the political governance and environment. Especially the latter might have a big impact on a town based on tourism such as Borgholm. We particularly have taken an interest for how this might affect the internal branding and internal brand communication of Borgholm municipality.Through our research we have found that Borgholm municipality in no particular extent is working with living the brand or any similar concepts. Also, we have found that the success of the internal branding of the organization in a great extent depend on the individuals of the different branches of the municipality?s work rather than on a coherent communication structure which reaches the whole organization..

Syfte och frågeställningarSyftet med studien var att undersöka om en kortare period av motiverande samtal (MI) kunde påverka livskvaliteten positivt hos en arbetande population. De tre frågeställningarna var: Kan en kort period av MI förändra livskvaliteten positivt? Vilka eventuella effekter har en kortare period av MI på livskvaliteten? Finns det några skillnader i eventuell förändring av livskvalitet mellan kön, ålder samt utbildningsnivå?MetodStudien bestod av två MI-samtal med tre veckors mellanrum, samt en enkätundersökning som genomfördes före och efter samtalsperioden. Ett företag kontaktades och deltagarna rekryterades genom information på företagets intranät. 25 anmälda bildade MI-gruppen och därefter efterfrågades kontrollgruppsdeltagare via mail, 23 anställda bildade kontrollgruppen.

Detta arbete handlar om grammatikens roll i språkundervisningen. Syftet med arbetet är att undersöka hur grammatikens ställning i språkundervisningen har utvecklats från 1960-talet fram till idag. För att få en inblick i detta ämne, har jag studerat och analyserat innehåll i styrdokument från 1965 till 2000 och i franska läromedel för nybörjarspråk på gymnasiet från motsvarande period. Med stöd av litteratur om språkundervisning, har jag försökt att ta reda på hur denna utveckling ser ut genom att titta på grammatiken som produkt, d v s att tala om språket, och på grammatiken som process, d v s att använda språket i sitt rätta sammanhang. Dessa två sätt att se på grammatiken utgör en bra utgångspunkt för att få en helhetsbild av grammatik, och när det gäller att utveckla språkförmågan är samspelet dem emellan viktigt.

In this study, my intention has been to examine how the ambiguous concept of corruption is constructed by the press. Emphasizing the media?s representations of the socially constructed and context-specific concept, this work adopts a critical perspective on discourse, together with an approach of conceptual history. Finland has for many years been appointed as one of the least corrupt countries in the world, signing several international conventions against corruption since the 1990s, which in turn has led to an increase in discussion regarding the phenomenon. By conducting a multi-method study, my aim has been to analyse the possible changes in the definition of ?corruption? in the Finnish newspaper Hufvudstadsbladet during the period 2000-2013.

I uppsatsen undersöks den period då den svenska ekonomin uppnår den fulla sysselsättning som sedan blev normen för hela efterkrigstiden. I arbetet genomförs en sammanställning av fackföreningarnas arbetslöshetsstatistik som publicerats i Sociala meddelanden varje månad under perioden 1935-1948. Materialet har därefter bearbetats och utifrån förbundsredovisningen har arbetslöshetsserier skapats för sju av industrins delbranscher. Utifrån bearbetningen sammankopplas arbetslöshetsstatistiken för respektive sektor med de uppgifter om förädlingsvärden, sysselsättning och löner som publicerats i den officiella industristatistiken och som ett resultat av arbetet med svenska historiska nationalräkenskaper.Med hjälp av materialet prövas två hypoteser som kan härledas från den  Nykeynesianska teorin för arbetsmarknaden. Den första hypotesen berör sambandet mellan löneutrymme, löner och arbetslöshet.

AbstractThe intension with this paper was to describe the understanding students in third grade had about mathematics and how these students, based on their previous mathematics experiences, apprehend the coming national tests in mathematics. After the test period the student was interviewed on how they experienced their participation in the test. The choice of method was the qualitative case study where the data was collected from interviews and observations. In the result that was found, the interviewed students described mathematics as counting. Students preferred easy math work and to solve routine tasks in math books instead of more demanding work.