The government procurement legislation ? i.e. the Swedish procurement law, the EC procurement directives and the WTO?s Government Procurement Agreement ? applies on public procurement. Such a procurement exists when the contractor meets the conditions stated in the directives that the organ is to be considered as a contracting auhtority.

The financial result of a transfer of ownership or external sale is to a great extent depend-ent on how the transfer is implemented and how the tax rules apply. The applicability of the Swedish tax rules regarding transfer of ownership in closely held companies largely de-pends on the interpretation of the prerequisite, equal or similar activity, which can be found in section 57, clause 4 of the Swedish Income Tax Act.The ruling made by the Supreme Administrative Court in RÅ 2010 ref. 11 changed the concept of equal or similar activity. The ruling lead to that the shares in a closely held com-pany was qualified due to that the capital from the original company had been transferred to the operating company. According to the ruling the original company had been split into several companies, thus was the companies considered to carry out equal or similar activity.

Syftet med denna uppsats var att förstå de bakomliggande motiven till att kvinnor från Ryssland har valt att emigrera till Norrbotten för äktenskap med svenska män. Studien är regionalt begränsad till Norrbotten och undersöker även kvinnornas förväntningar på livet med en svensk make och deras upplevelser i det nya hemlandet samt hur det har påverkat deras identitet. Studien är kvalitativ till sin ansats och det empiriska materialet bygger på djupintervjuer med tio kvinnor från Ryssland i åldrarna 25 till 50 år som flyttade till Sverige efter äktenskap med svenska män. De teoretiska utgångspunkter som varit vägledande i tolkningen av det empiriska materialet har varit begreppen identitet, reflexivitet och trygghet. Studiens resultat visar att de bakomliggande orsakerna till kvinnornas migration från Ryssland till Sverige var ekonomiska och sociala otryggheten, deras längtan efter att uppnå den kulturellt betingade kvinnoideal som kvinnorna inte kunde förverkliga i deras situation i Ryssland, visionen om bättre värld i Väst.

In Lake Vänern, Sweden, there is an endemic population of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) that lives its entire life in fresh water. The salmon is hindered from migrating to its natural spawning sites in the northern part of the River Klarälven by nine hydro-electric power plants. None of the hydro-electric power plants have fishways so that salmon migrating upstream or downstream may pass. In the current situation, the upward migrating salmon are caught in a fish trap at the most downstream located power plant in Forshaga. From there, the salmon are driven in a truck, past eight power plants and released a few kilometers upstream of the eighth power plant at Edsforsen.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the law regarding gross violations of women and its application in the Swedish legal system. We have investigated how the legal system takes into account a holistic perspective of the vulnerable situation of women in the investigation and assessment and the extent to which psychological violence in the form of verbal abuse, threats and harassment attention. We also wanted to find out how the law's design may contribute to difficulties in the implementation and interpretation of it. In this study, we used a qualitative research approach when we decided to conduct an interview with a police officer and a textual analysis of four cases from the district court. Interview questions were semi-structured in order to gain a deeper understanding of the phenomenon.

Syftet med studien är att öka kunskapen om inomeuropeisk migration till den svenska landsbygden. Fokus ligger på nederländare som under 2000-talet flyttat till Klarälvdalen i Värmland och där driver turistföretag. Mot bakgrund av tidigare huvudsakligen kvantitativa studier är syftet att fördjupa kunskapen om inflyttarnas bakgrund och motiv till migrationen och om hur de använder sig av transnationella nätverk i sitt nuvarande liv. Kvalitativ metod används i form av intervjuer med familjer/turistföretagare. Vidare har webbsidor för sjutton turistföretag som drivs av nederländare i området studerats, kompletterat med några webbsidor och en intervju med turistföretagare från ett annat nordeuropeiskt land.

Isabella Löwengrips karriär tog fart genom att hon 2005 startade en blogg där hon delgav omvärlden delar av sitt liv som tonåring. Hennes blogg växte snabbt till en av Sveriges mest lästa bloggar och hon gjorde sig känd under namnet Blondinbella. Isabellas personliga varumärke har under de senaste sex åren genomgått en ompositionering på marknaden från att ha varit en ytlig skönhetsbloggare till att idag vara en av landets främsta unga entreprenörer. Den här studien avser en fördjupning i ompositioneringsprocessen och en jämförelse av hur Isabella framställde sig själv i sin blogg 2006 respektive 2012. Studien baseras på material från Isabellas blogg och analyseras genom en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Analysprocessen sker i två steg, först en beskrivande analys av det manifesta innehållet i materialet och därefter en tolkande analys av det latenta innehållet.

Undersökningen bygger på åtta kvalitativa intervjuer. Respondenterna är komvuxelever med utländsk bakgrund som har kommit till Sverige av olika anledningar. Syftet med intervjuerna har varit att undersöka hur eleverna funderar kring sina framtidsplaner och hur de upplever att befinna sig i två kulturer. Vidare har vi undersökt deras erfarenheter av studie- och yrkesvägledning. Vi har också utgått från teorier om kriser, migration, kultur, identitet och vägledning.

It is estimated that 22 000 contaminated areas exist in Sweden today. In order to classify the risk of contaminant migration from these areas and to prioritize which of these contaminated areas should first be treated, the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has designed a method, for the investigation of contaminated areas (MIFO). One of these contaminated areas is the landfill Gräsötippen outside Köping. The landfill has been used by both Yara AB and the Köping municipality between the years 1945 and 1975, and both industrial and household waste have been deposited there. The aim of this report is to survey which contaminants that can be found in the soil and water in the landfill Gräsötippen and to evaluate the migration of these contaminants.

Whiplash is a bodily injury, where the person that is injured is subjected to force towards the neck, mainly in traffic accidents. Even low speed accidents can cause severe damage due to the complicated muscle and nerve structure of the neck. Symptoms range from neck aches and headaches to numb fingers and this makes the Whiplash injury difficult to diagnose. Whiplash is also a treacherous injury due to the fact that the symptoms can not be objectively verified. The principal symptom of the injury is pain, which is to its nature highly subjective.

An increasing amount of companies and organizations are starting to implement the use of cloud computing in their business. This trend results in that software, which was previously sold and distributed to the customers whom then had to install the software on their own computers, now is being replaced with Software as a Service (SaaS). SaaS makes software available through the customers? browsers, which results in that the service providers only have to administer a single application. The process to migrate a distributed application to a service delivered as a SaaS lacks sufficient investigation; this paper will provide some guidelines for conducting such a pro- cess.

This bachelor essay studies families that have migrated from countries in Europe to Sweden,and their experiences of adapting to new conditions of the Swedish welfare state. Theirexperiences are studied firstly from an institutional point of view, which refers to the family?s experience of adapting family life to Swedish family social policy. Secondly it focuses how the families experience new norms and values connected to Swedish family social policy. The main aim is to seek what problems families migrating to Sweden might be confronted with when adapting to new conditions of the welfare state.

In some criminal cases, the only existing evidence is the verbal statement of a witness or the plaintiff. The typical example is an alleged rape where victim and perpetrator have had some kind of relation, and their records of the incident differ. In these cases, the assessment of the value of the evidence drawn from the plaintiff's story is of crucial importance. On the one hand, a false positive judgment means that a person is wrongly convicted, on the other hand, a failure to correctly identify a truthful claim of rape means that a victim of a severe crime is left without judicial remedy. That the prosecutor must prove that the crime is committed by the defendant without reasonable doubt, means that there is much more chance of a failure to convict guilty felons, than of the opposite.In the essay, the rules of criminal procedure directed at the evaluation of the verbal statement are identified and critically evaluated from the perspective of how they may or may not facilitate the judgment of a verbal statement presented before the court, either in person, or through other media such as video.

Denna uppsats syftar till att utreda ifall den interna migrationen i dagens Sverige skett på ett sätt som överensstämmer med de antagande som humankapitalteorin gör om migration, samt att utreda om det finns ett samband mellan individens humankapital och dennes benägenhet att flytta. För att undersöka detta ställdes följande hypoteser: 1. Individer som har ett stort humankapital, d.v.s. är högskoleutbildade, har en större benägenhet att flytta än individer med ett litet humankapital, d.v.s. som saknar högskoleutbildning.

As scholars argue, there has been a rapid diffusion of civic integration policies in Western Europe the last decade. In the light of the debate about the extent of civic integration policies, recent studies have shown that the diffusion is limited to certain countries. Despite a flurry of literature based on civic integration policies, attention drawn to the implication of these policies has been quite inferior. This paper tries to examine what civic integration policies means in relation to immigration. Are civic integration policies used as an informal tool for the purpose of limiting certain groups of immigrants? I argue in this paper that the conditional factor in the civic integration policies creates a barrier for affected immigrants and their possibilities to gain long term residence.