Active work to increase the efficiency of energy use is taking place in Sweden and throughout all of Europe. Electricity is an important part in our society?s energy system which means that the electrical grid operators and associated therewith has a central role in this work. Monitoring and controlling the electrical grids are managed from the distribution system operator?s DC, dispatch center.The aim of this report is to examine how the operations in a typical DC on the Swedish electricity distribution network will look like in five to ten years.

The purpose of this essay is to present research-based literature and in that find basic practics that benefit the process of reading comprehension in the further reading. To get a broader perspective and a practical school related, we also held a small empirical study in the form of interviews with six active teachers. We discussed among other things, what reading means, the use of textbooks, how the reading process is conducted and so on. The results were correlated against the reported literature and the curriculum. It revealed a gap between theory and practice.

This study is about how to develop younger teens problem solving ability and their social competence. The study carried through by using a qualitative method, two observations and ten interviews. The observations where preparatory for the structured interviews. The respondents where pupils in a class were it is an ongoing project which purpose is to develop childrens problem solving ability and social skills with cognitive training and an empowerment based reasoning model that is called rahyab. Rahyab is a Persian word and it means path- finding.

Inom institutionell teori står Berger & Luckmann för en inriktning som fokuserar på legitimeringoch reproduktion av institutioner. De förklarar varför i institutioner bevaras trots kritik och behåller sin ursprungliga form, inte på grund av institutionernas överlägsenhet utan på grund av försvararnas legitimering av institutionen.Denna gren av institutionell teori har över tid fått stå tillbaka för ny-institutionell teori, som fokuserar på förändring. Den klassiska institutionella teorin saknar empiriskt underlag, varför detta är en empirisk studie av institutionell teori i en svensk kontext. Ett område på vilket institutionell teori är tillämpbart är det svenska uppsägningsförfarandet.Studiens syfte är att öka förståelsen för hur legitimering av institutioner går till i praktiken. Detta uppnås genom frågan ?hur bidrar parternas argument till att institutionen reproduceras?.Frågan besvarades genom kvalitativ data, hämtad från intervjuer med representanter från de parter som debatterar LAS.Denna empiriska undersökning visar att LAS legitimeras genom att tillskrivas normativ värdighet och kognitiv giltighet, samtidigt som kritiker av LAS tillskrivs normativ ovärdighet och kognitiv ogiltighet.

SammanfattningSyftet med den här uppsatsen var att undersöka chefers syn på personalarbetet och vikten av de sociala relationerna på arbetsplatsen. Genom att använda oss av en kvalitativ metod och en fenomenologisk ansats har vi studerat hur de arbetar och motiverar medarbetarna samt hur de skapar och bevarar goda relationer. Empirin har samlats in genom tematiskt öppna intervjuer och totalt intervjuades tio stycken chefer inom kunskapsintensiva företag, begränsat till den privata sektorn. I enlighet med den fenomenologiska ansatsen är det chefernas egna tankar och upplevelser som har utgjort fokus i vår analys. Vidare har vi även kopplat det empiriska materialet till den tidigare forskningen och de teoretiska begreppen.

The aim with this study was to gain an understanding for teaching as an profession, and get a bigger knowledge about the certification of teaching and what it means for the teaching occupations status. To get an answer for this study two methods were used. The first method was a survey with questions that were sent out to working high school teachers in the North of Sweden. The second method was a document analysis of articales from three Swedish dailynewspapers. To analyse the results from this study a theory about professions is used troughout the whole paper.This studies resluts shows that profession as an definition is hard to undestand.

För att kunna påbörja ett systemutvecklingsarbete måste man klargöra förutsättningar för detta. I denna uppsats gås befintlig teori om hur man klargör förutsättningar igenom. Denna teori jämförs sedan med verkligheten genom intervjuer på MOBIS Parts Europe i Jönköping och Autoteknik i Åtvidaberg AB. Intervjumaterialet analyserades med hjälp av innehållsanalys för att kunna dra slutsatser och komma med råd till läsaren av denna uppsats om hur man klargör förutsättningar..

Sedan 2006 är en allvarlig konflikt mellan föräldrarna det vanligaste skälet till att tilldöma en förälder enskild vårdnad vid en rättslig tvist om barn och i Sverige är det i 9 fall av 10 mamman som har enskild vårdnad efter en separation. Syftet med denna studie är att skapa en teori om vad genus har för betydelse för lämpliga föräldrars möjligheter och begränsningar i en rättslig tvist om barn. Genom intervjuer med domare, advokat, samtalsledare, medlare, en mamma och en pappa som gått igenom en rättslig tvist om barn skapade jag en faktisk teori om vad genus har för betydelse för lämpliga föräldrars möjligheter och begränsningar i en rättslig tvist om ?barnets bästa?. Min teori är att lagstiftningen om ?barnets bästa? begränsar möjligheterna för lämpliga föräldrar att lösa sina konflikter och att lagstiftningen om ?barnets bästa? inte är tillämpbar på tvister där två lämpliga föräldrar ställs emot varandra.

The aim of this study was to gain a greater understanding of what social workers perceive to be mentally demanding and emotionally challenging work, and which strategies they use to handle it. I chose to interview six social workers, three of them had long experience of social work, and three of them had worked for less than a year. The justification for this choice wasthat I wanted to interview people with different experience of social work over time, to be able to see possible differences in what was perceived as mentally demanding and emotionally challenging work, and how it was handled. The social workers were interviewed with a semi structured interview manual.The results showed that the organization of the social service is not fitted to the work that social workers execute. This means that what is perceived as mentally demanding and emotionally challenging work largely depends on this.

?Medicines are available in different forms and often have different types of compound components. More and more drugs are found on the market. This means that professionals who handle different medicines must have access to more and more information.The information available includes information about side effects, active substances, interactions and pill identification. You may want to access different information, depending on your profession.

AbstractFor an audit organization, it is important to work toward maintaininga high error climate to handle errors in an efficient and propermanner. This means that it is important for accountants to worktowards high quality of work, reduce and manage errors that mayoccur in their daily work. Therefore, auditors must know how tohandle errors in order to improve efficiency, which can be affected byhow leadership is exercised in the workplace. The error climatemeans being able to act in a manner which will ensure a good jobtowards customers but also within the internal operations.The ethical leadership may thus have an impact on how auditorshandle the error environment both internally and externally. It is veryimportant for customers to have confidence in the business but also tomaintain the order and the general rules of society for accountingfirms.My study aims to show the thinkable relationship between ethicalleadership and the error climate.

This study examines whether the policy breadth and the alternatives in European politics affect variations in voter turnout between member states in elections to the European Union Parliament.The theoretical approach assumes that; a larger political polarization, an increase in EU-skeptical parties and a greater voting mobilization among groups with less means results in higher voter turnout figures. The study also consider four other variables; whether the election is held on weekends or weekdays, whether elections coincide with other national elections, whether a country has held the presidential of the EU during or the immediate term prior to the election and finally the turnout figures from national elections.The research design is based upon a quantitative analysis using data from EP elections, national elections and databases from the European Elections Studies (EES). Study unit is twelve member-state countries and their four latest EP elections (1994, 1999, 2004 and 2009). The selected member-states origin from the EU-15 excluding Belgium, Greece and Luxembourg due to their compulsory voting laws.The study found relationships between higher turnout figures in EP-elections and increase in EU-skeptical parties, greater mobilization among groups with less means, elections held on weekends, elections coinciding with other, national elections and an increase in voter figures in national elections..

Det pågår en ständig utveckling av normativa teorier om krig för att kunna anpassa sig till nutida konflikter. Nya teorier utvecklas i takt med ny teknologi och nya motståndare. De teorier som utvecklats på senare tid har föranlett till denna jämförelse mellan manöverkrigföring och Shock and Awe, Achieving Rapid Dominance.Uppsatsen syftar till att studera huruvida Shock and Awe, Achieving Rapid Dominance är en egen teori och i vilken utsträckning den grundar sig i manöverkrigföring.Genom en kvalitativ metod där textanalyser har legat till fokus, skapas idealtyper av manöverkrigföringens grundläggande element. Dessa verkar sedan som indikatorer för att urskilja likheter och skillnader med Shock and Awe. Resultatet visar på ett flertal likheter och skillnader som leder till slutsatsen att Shock and Awe inte kan definieras som en originell teori, då likheterna med manöverkrigföringen är allt för stora..

The purpose of this thesis is to examine the performance of different types of queries in the AltaVista query-based search engine. Thirty information needs have been collected from an ask-a-question service on the World Wide Web, which means that they are based on real users information needs. This is done to avoid partiality in the study. The author has invented different types of queries for each and every one of the information needs in accordance with the search syntax available for AltaVista. The types used are Boolean expressions, queries including proximity operators, phrases and queries directed towards a specific field.

Buildings today are built to maintain a healthy indoor environment and an efficient energy usage which is probably why damages caused by dampness has increased since the 1960?s.A study between year 2008 and 2010 showed that 26 percent of the 110 000 examined houses had damages and flaws caused by dampness that could prove to be harmful later on. This means that one out of four bathrooms risk the chance to develop damages by dampness. Approximately 2 percent of the houses had already developed water damages. It is here where the problems appear.