SyfteSyftet med föreliggande studie var att undersöka genomförbarheten av en hög-intensiv träningsintervention efter knäplastikoperation samt hur knäplastikopererade personers självvalda gånghastighet, maximal vadmuskelstyrka, vadmuskeluthållighet och självupplevda symptom, smärta, ADL funktion och hälsorelaterad livskvalité påverkas av tidigt insatt hög-intensiv styrketräning av vadmuskulaturen.MetodFemton forskningspersoner randomiserades till en träningsgrupp (n=7), som utförde hemträningsprogram i form av hög-intensiv vadmuskelträning samt till en kontrollgrupp (n=8) som utförde samma rehabiliteringsprogram som träningsgruppen utan hög-intensiv vadmuskelträning. En testprocedur genomfördes 3 respektive 12 veckor efter knäplastikoperationen. Självvald gånghastighet mättes genom ett 30 meters gångtest, vadmuskeluthållighet mättes med ett standardiserat tåhävningstest på ett ben, maximal isometrisk vadmuskelstyrka mättes med hjälp av en isometrisk dynamometer och självskattad symptom, smärta, ADL funktion och livskvalité utvärderades genom Knee injury Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS).ResultatDenna studie påvisar viss problematik med följsamheten i träningsregim för båda grupperna. Båda gruppernas sammanslagna resultat uppvisade signikant förbättrad självvald gånghastighet, maximal vadmuskelstyrka och uthållighet över tid. Trots detta ökade träningsgruppen den självvalda gånghastigheten signifikant mer än kontrollgruppen över tid.

By using the cyborg as a structural tool to analyze certain aspects of human interaction with what can be perceived as landscape or landscape architectural elements, this thesis seeks to explore the concept of the cyborg landscape in order to place human practice in the context of postmodern ideas of the end of true nature. Ever since human kind has externalized evo-lution by using tools and extending the body with technological inventions, we have also taken our surroundings out of their natural trajectory. Everything we do that is conditioned by the use of technology is altering that which we perceive as nature and natural. Since we have been doing this for millennia we have of course also altered our surroundings by the influence of technology.This thesis uses three examples of landscape or landscape architectural elements that are conditioned by the integration of technology to explore this practice through a postmodern model of analysis based on the concept and basic premises of the cyborg, or the cybernetic organism. A cybernetic organism is in short an organism that has functioning technological parts integrated into its system.

Lower urinary tract diseases are a common problem in cats all over the world. The symptoms are for example dysuria, pollakuria, stranguria, periuria and hematuria. In approximately two thirds of these cats the underlying cause is not known and the disease is therefore called feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC). We need to know more about the disease to get a consistently effective treatment and prevention. A retrospective study was performed in 50 cats with symptoms of FIC and where other causes of inflammation were ruled out. Data like breed, age, sex, body weight, feeding, therapy and therapeutic results were collected, also if it was an indoor or outdoor cat, duration of the symptoms, if there was any stress and if the cat was living with another cat.

Syfte och frågeställningar: Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka de fysiologiska effekterna av kombinationsträning, innefattande styrketräning, contrast complex training (CCT) kombinerat med intervallträning i form av upprepade kortare sprintar (ca 6 s) (RSE) eller längre (30 s) högintensiva intervaller (HIIT) hos handbollsspelare i herrelit, under tävlingssäsong.Metod: Under 12 veckor, i tävlingssäsong, genomförde 15 elithandbollsherrar, utöver sin vanliga handbollsträning antingen RSE (n=8) bestående av 10 repetitioner av shuttle sprintar (2 x 15 m) med start varje minut och med passiv vila eller HIIT (n=7) bestående av 5 reps av 30-s all-out sprintar med riktningsförändringar. Båda grupperna genomförde ocksåCCT bestående av 3 set med 3 övningar (3 x knäböj 90 % av 1RM, 6 x jump squat med 50 % av kroppsvikten, 6 x dropp jump från 30 cm Pre- och posttesterna inkluderade jump squat (JS) (RFD (Ns/kg)), 5 jump for distance test (5JT) (m), 30m sprint (5m (s), 20-30m (m/s), repeated shuttle sprint ability test (RSSA) (RSA Bäst, Sämst, Tot (s) samt beräknat trötthetindexFI (%), Sdec (%)), 1 RM knäböj (koncentrisk) (kg/kg kroppsvikt), Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test (YYIRT 1)(m) and maximal syreupptagningstest (VO2max) (l O2/min, ml·kg-0.75·min-1). Resultat: Båda grupperna ökade signifikant maxstyrkan i knäböj, RSE gruppen (8,8 %) mer än HITT (7,4 %) (p<0.01). I motsats visade HIIT gruppen större förbättringar i rate of force development (RFD) (63,3 %) än RSE (56,3 %) (p<0,05). VO2max ökade signifikant och likartat i båda grupperna (~2%).

Though death and mortality is an inevitable part of our lives it seems like both the society with its culture and the individual in some way repress death. This study was set to explore how and why the individual holds back thoughts on his/her own death and in which way society affect the individual?s repression of death-thoughts. Using a hermeneutic approach I have interviewed five informants about death and thoughts about death in everyday life. Also for the analysis of the empirical material a hermeneutic approach was used, and the works of Bauman, Giddens, Heidegger, Fromm and May served as a theoretical starting point.

This thesis examines the Swedish labour market with a focus on the immigrant part off the population. There are big differences between the immigrant and particular non-European immigrant part off the population and native Swedes. In the first part off this thesis I will show that immigrants in Sweden have a higher rate of unemployment, lower rate off employment, lower wage incomes, higher risk off unemployment and are overrepresented in low skilled, low status jobs. Even when controlling for different factors such as education level, knowledge in the Swedish language, age etc. a big gap remains.

In healthy dogs, heart rate fluctuates during the day. Heart rate variability (HRV) reflects the autonomic nervous system´s regulation of the cardiovascular unit. Heart rate variability shows the balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system, also called sympathovagal balance. Heart rate variability can be measured by time domain - and frequency domain analysis. In a time domain analysis you study the beat-to-beat-interval (RR-interval) in an electrocardiogram (ECG), while a frequency domain analysis can be used to determine the size of the variability.

This essay is about power in the classroom. It is about the power dimension of the student-teacher relationships that arise in that space. The overall aim has been to investigate which categories are fruitful in a power analysis of these relationships. My aim has therefore been to develop power categories and to use them to identify and to categorise cases of power interaction that take place between those particular actors in that particular setting.In order to gather material for my study I have both read literature that approaches the study of the student-teacher relationships from a power perspective and done a series of observations in a high school.My theoretical frame comprises a concept of power and a series of power categories. These categories include strength, authority, inducement, coercion, violence, resistance as well as to possess power, to have power, to exert power, the scope of power and the base of power.

Rapid population growth and the fact that phosphorous is a limited resource implies that the question regarding an efficient use of phosphorus is of great importance, and consequently,that the phosphorous use efficiency should be as high as possible. The view on phosphorous use efficiency, and how this is calculated, has varied over time. This has had great implications on what type of research that has been conducted, which have resulted in an inconsistency between the academic?s view on the subject and recommendations received by farmers. The purpose of this paper is to calculate the phosphorus use efficiency in the Swedish long term fertility experiments.

Avatarer är vanligt förekommande i datorspel och används för nöjes skull men avatarer används även i seriösa spel. Rapporten undersöker hur en persons självkänsla och body image kan stärkas med hjälp av en avatar och vilka egenskaper avataren behöver ha. Undersökningen genomförs som en litteraturstudie. Slutsatsen är att det troligen går att skapa en avatar för detta ändamål, men att det är många aspekter att ta hänsyn till och att det inte är helt självklart vilka val som behöver göras. Viktigt verkar dock att användaren själv får välja sin avatar, att till exempel typen av klädsel påverkar liksom avatarens längd.

Earlier investigations showed that damages on timber from feeding rolls could be within the lower classes of damage according to VMRs classes. Knowledge about differences in productivity between kind types and aggressive types of feeding rolls is necessary because it should influence the question about damages on timber caused by different feeding rolls. In this study the production and timber damage in a harvesting head were evaluated at three levels of pressure (8, 10 and 14 MPa) on the feeding rolls, and with three different types of rolls. One type, the rubber cushioned steel plate roller had 10 mm studs and rubber damping, one ?middle? type made of solid steel with 14 mm studs, and one aggressive type, also made of solid steel with 18 mm studs.

Bakgrund: Sömnens påverkan på viktkontroll har större betydelse än vad forskarna tidigare trott. God sömn innebär återhämtning av livsnödvändiga funktioner och är en grund för god hälsa. Studier visar att människor sover mindre idag jämfört med tidigare. Sömnens påverkan på viktkontrollen behöver lyftas fram i sjuksköterskans hälsopreventiva arbete för att främja hälsa. Syfte: Att belysa sömnens relevans för viktkontroll hos medelålders vuxna.

The study focuses on the use of poetry in language teaching in the lower grades in the Swedish school. Poetry has a reputation of being an art form with such specific rules and structures that children and teachers think that it is something that they do not have the ability to work with.  The purpose of this study is to get an understanding of how poetry is used in educating children. My research is based on the following questions. To which extent is poetry being used in schools and how is it being used?Can you as a teacher see any effects on childrens language development by using poetry?As a part of my study I have met with and interviewed four different people, who in one way or another is involved in teaching children. Two working teachers in the lower grades, one pedagogical resource and one artist that work with teachers in reaching different goals through the help of aesthetic processes.

Hypothermia during anaesthesia is a well-known phenomenon that may cause several side-effects such as greater risk of postoperative wound infection and increased risk of heart complications. The most efficient way to avoid this is to prevent hypothermia from occurring. The aim of this paper was to compile the research on the most efficient way to prevent hypothermia during anaesthesia for cats and dogs, and to compare these results to how Swedish animal hospitals prevent hypothermia today. To investigate this, a survey was sent out to several animal hospitals around Sweden to see what methods they used to prevent hypothermia in their clinics. It is difficult if not impossible to prevent the body temperature from falling slightly when anaesthesia is induced because of the drug interactions in the body that follow from the drugs given. A 1-1,5°C decrease in body temperature is to be expected and is difficult to avoid.

The two swedish unions, Akademikerförbundet SSR and Kommunal, have a majority of female participations who mainly work in the public services. The difference between the unions is that one of them only represents members with academic educations and the other has members with lower educations. The aim of this study was to compare the two unions according to the terms exit, voice and loyalty, but also participation and influence. There were 142 participants in this study and 8 participants were interviewed in a pre-study. The result of the study shows that voice is a strong predictor to wellbeing in work life.