This bachelor thesis is about civilian marching bands in the province Värmland industrial communities, with a focus on Degerfors, Edsvalla, Gruvön, Nors, Slottsbron, and Vålberg bands. Degerfors, Gruvön, and Slottsbron bands are three corps that still operates concerts and performances. The other three unions are defunct.In Värmland, there were many mills that were operating well into the 1900s, roughly speaking there were about 25 mills in various industrial areas. These mills had operations in glass, iron, and paper, each user had a band at least a brass sextet and today there are only eight bands left in Värmland. Bofors in Karlskoga, Charlottenberg, Degerfors, Dejefors, Gruvöns in Grums, Hagfors, Skoghall, and Slottsbron bands.What is the reason that so many bands have disappeared? To answer the question I have investigated the importance of four factors have had for the unions: finance, recruitment collaboration with the music and arts, as well as cooperation with educational associations.The results show a marked reduction in civil bands, from about 25 corps to eight corps today.

Uppsatsen undersöker empiriskt om avregleringen av naturgasmarknaden inom EU har haft någon effekt på spotpriset för naturgas. Vidare avser studien att undersöka om avregleringen har haft önskad effekt, nämligen att skapa en mer konkurrenskraftig marknad och en mer transparent prissättning. Studien använder sig av regressionstekniken Two-Stage Least Squares för att kunna undersöka avregleringens effekt. Till grund för studien står teoretiska antaganden om en avreglerings effekt och hur en sådan ska påverka pris och konkurrens på den avreglerade marknaden. Vidare har marknadsformer som fullständig konkurrens och monopol används som teoretisk referensram för att kunna dra slutsatser om avregleringens effekt på naturgasmarknaden inom Europa.

The aim of this paper is to study intra household allocation of capital income by using data on Swedish observations. The 1991 tax reform was to change the taxation on capital income from a progressive to a flat tax system. Before the tax reform there were incentives to allocate capital income to the spouses with the lowest income of labor in order to reduce the total tax burden. The data describes the year of 1989 and 1993, those we choose to examine. Using Swedish data from LINDA database we estimate a quotient by ordinary least squares (OLS) regression.

A trend in modern landscape architecture is to design pedestrian streets so that vehicles and people move in the same area. By doing this, traffic tends to slow down. On the market though, there is a lack of furniture that corresponds to the requirements of these kinds of public places. Therefore, I have designed this furniture, called VOX, which is planned to be used on streets, schoolyards and squares. One objective has been to promote the product to the industry.To achieve this, I have been in contact with people from different professions, which have all influenced my designprocess.

About 80 % of all Swedish dairy cows are kept in tie-stalls, but loose housing is increasing, probably because it is more profitable for the farmer. The design of the floors is of cruicial importance to the cows well-being. Traditionally, the most common type of floor in the alleys of a cubicle system still is a slatted manure-draining floor made of concrete. The typical Swedish design has 125-mm slats and 40-mm slots, maximally. With too wide slots, there is an increased risk of injuries to the claws when the cow makes a hasty move.

The integration of the Internet in our society has shaped alot of the things we do in our lives. The Web allows us to achieve certain things directly through our computers, such as reading the paper and paying our bills. But this integration has also lead to another interesting change. Activists have begun to unload their operations onto the Net instead of holding on to the more traditional demonstrations performed in squares. This study aims to look into the world of cyberactivism and examine how cyberactivists experience the way activism has changed as a result of using the Internet.

Jag använder ett från Världsbanken nyligen utkommet datamaterial över institutionell kvalitet i världens länder för att i en replikeringsstudie undersöka sambandet mellan institutionell utveckling och ekonomisk tillväxt. Modellen har med framgång redan tidigare använts, men i detta arbete är tidsperioden en senare och datamaterialet enligt min bedömning av högre kvalitet. För att kunna göra det senare uttalandet och analysera resultaten på ett uttömmande sätt, innefattar arbetet en översiktlig presentation av institutionella teorier. Eftersom undersökt samband i utgångsläget antas uppvisa dubbelriktad kausalitet, använder jag ett ekonometriskt tillvägagångssätt innehållande instrumentering för att trygga validiteten. Sammantaget visar resultaten en enkelriktad, positiv kausaleffekt från institutionell kvalitet till ekonomisk tillväxt.

The integration of the Internet in our society has shaped alot of the things we do in our lives. The Web allows us to achieve certain things directly through our computers, such as reading the paper and paying our bills. But this integration has also lead to another interesting change. Activists have begun to unload their operations onto the Net instead of holding on to the more traditional demonstrations performed in squares. This study aims to look into the world of cyberactivism and examine how cyberactivists experience the way activism has changed as a result of using the Internet.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of learning on open-field activity among pre-school children varying from 3 to 5 years old. Altogether 25 children, 13 girls and 12 boys, entered the test from three different preschools in Dalarna. Six of these children represented the control group. The children were asked to learn 2 tasks, 1 visual memory task and 1 spatial constructing-kit task. Before, between and after the tasks, the children were allowed to move freely in the open field.

Lars Höglund AB is one of Scandinavia?s most qualified manufacturers of sheet metal products and provides custom designed products of very detailed precision. One of the main methods of manufacturing is laser cutting. When Lars Höglund AB signed up a new customer, with high demands in tolerances for the products, Lars Höglund AB thought it would be necessary to know the capability of the laser cutting machine. Also the process of how to retrieve this capability was interesting. The capability will be researched for the following elements: Cutting right angles in squares with a corner radius of 1 mmCutting corners which are not right angleCutting of circles with constant radius Measurements were made on 150 pieces of sheet metal details, which had been cut out by the machine.  The data from the measurements where later used to study the capability.

Complex Vertebral Malformation (CVM) is an autosomal recessive inherited defect in the Holstein breed. The defect has lead to structurally malformed calves and losses of pregnancies. To determine the effect of CVM on fertility in the Swedish Holstein Breed 375 Holstein bulls used in breeding by Svensk Avel and Skånesemin were assigned to this study. 228 bulls matched the criteria of birth year, 1995-1999, > 75 inseminations and a known CVM-status. Of the total 228 bulls 53 of them were CVM-carriers and 175 were non-carriers. The SAS-programme was used to determine the effects of CVM-status, the bull?s father and birth year on Non-return rates (NRR) for 28, 56 and 168 days.

This report studies how the divergence between men and women is manifested in the physical space and how the representation of room recreates this divergence. Spaces are coded and women have traditionally been associated with private space and men with public space, leading to that the home is encoded as female space and public squares as male space. Thereby women lack a natural place in public space. The National Board of Housing, Building and Planning (Boverket) wants to change this situation by enforcing safety-creating measures based on gender equality theories.I have studied what potential risks the project initiated by Boverket as well as discuss the potential problems with representation. Can representation be used without freezing the space? I also search for methods for working with a gender perspective without reproducing gender stereotypes and roles and avoiding encoding the private as female and public as male? Also I use a public seminar with urban planners, artists and architects to retrieve how we work with these issues today.I conclude that city planning needs to incorporate new strategies of thought that does not divide space, e.g.

Den svenska kärnkraften har varit en viktig del av den svenska elmarknaden sedan 1970-talet. Under den senare delen av 1970-talet uppstod en omfattande debatt kring kärnkraftens framtid som energikälla. Vid en folkomröstning 1980 bestämdes det att kärnkraften skulle avvecklas. Det första steget i denna avvecklingsprocess togs i november 1999, i och med avvecklingen av reaktorn Barsebäck 1. I dagsläget planeras även en avveckling av reaktorn Barsebäck 2.

Denna uppsats syftar till att studera hur könslönegapet, med kontroll för sedvanliga humankapitalvariabler samt sektortillhörighet, påverkas av matchningsprocessen på den svenska arbetsmarknaden. Detta har gjorts med hjälp av linjär regression och metoden minstakvadratskattningen, även kallad OLS (ordinary least squares). Den data som ligger till grund för undersökningen är tvärsnittsdata från Levnadsnivåundersökningen år 2010. Det teoretiska ramverk som studien tar avstamp i är den klassiska humankapitalteorin vars antagande är att utbildning är en investering för individen som höjer dennes produktivitet och därigenom leder till en högre framtida lön. Dock har tidigare forskning visat att utbildningens avkastning står i relation till arbetets utbildningskrav, där en överutbildad person får avsevärt lägre avkastning för de år som dennes utbildning överskrider arbetskravet i jämförelse med en rätt matchad person.

The Squares Family is a game developed as a learning aid in mathematics. With its graphical representation of the decimal system, the four basic arithmetic operations and positive and negative numbers together with a learning agent as pedagogical approach, the game?s primary purpose is to motivate students in their learning of mathematics. Although the game is strictly based on mathematical rules it attempts to encourage students to play and work with math without experiencing it as mathematics as this is initially not obvious. The game being internationally tested on normal performing students, this project introduced the game to six Swedish students who experience low motivation for and/or difficulties in mathematics.