To support uniform and fair assessment of Swedish students? English language competences, mandatory National tests are provided both for secondary and upper secondary education. The current thesis may be seen as a contribution to the further development and validation of these tests, with regard to the likely introduction of computerized testing methods. The aim is to gain further knowledge from current research in the field, to study and elucidate international experiences of implementation, and to gather and analyze feedback from students and teachers. Based on my findings, some tentative conclusions will be drawn, and recommendations made concerning future developments.

Hylocomium splendens (Glittering wood-moss) is a common species in the Nordic countries and can be found in many different types of boreal forests. It usually forms dense moss carpets on the forest floor. The shoots grow in segments and new segments form annually on the previous years growth. The size of the segments is probably regulated in a high extent by local micro environmental conditions. Previous experiments suggest increased growth of H.

In many European countries there is an increasing concern about the occasionally high concentrations of nitrate and pesticides in drinking water. The advent of the EU Water Framework Directive particularly highlights this. The directive states that all large drinking water sources should be identified and protected from pollution before 2009 and that by 2015 all water bodies should reach a 'good status'. In Sweden about 60 percent of the drinking water sources have protection areas. This means that about 700 new water protection areas need to be designated before 2009. This will affect many farmers, restricting their farming practices. The purpose of this study was to investigate which methods are used in other countries concerning nitrate and pesticide pollution from agriculture. From this, the expectation was to generate ideas on what could be undertaken in Sweden when designating new protection areas.

Abstract PurposeThis thesis aims to focus on how master students administer scholarly articles after they have found them. The purpose of the study is to detect how and to what extent people administer their articles from a personal information management-perspective (PIM).MethodTo answer the research questions, a web-based questionnaire survey was distributed which was announced to around 2,000 master students from different universities in Sweden. Most of the items in the survey focused on individual storage methods. The respondents were asked to rate the frequency of their different information administration behaviors on a seven level Likert-type-scale. Subsequently, items concerning specific information administration behaviors were posed, followed by questions on the respondent's sociodemographic status.

SammanfattningMagisteruppsats i företagsekonomi, Handelshögskolan i Jönköping, VT 2012Författare: Sigge KleenTitel: Revisionens vara eller icke vara, Det är frågan? Bakgrund och Problem: 2010 avskaffades revisionsplikten för de minsta aktiebolagen i Sverige, syftet var att hjälpa mindre företag med kostnadsbesparingar då revisionen ansågs som betungande. För att inte förändringen skulle bli för stor för samhället valde regeringen att sätta gränsvärdena för vilka företag som fick omfattas av frivillig revision relativt lågt. Genom SoU 2008:32 kan utläsas att en trolig utveckling i EU är att gränsvärdena för vilka företag som får undantas av revisionsplikten kommer att höjas i framtiden varav frågan är hur de svenska företagen ser på denna utveckling.Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att få ett klarare perspektiv på hur företagsgruppen som idag omfattas av revisionsplikt men som vid en eventuell lagändring till EUs maximala gränsvärden inte kommer att omfattas ser på revisionsplikten och revisionens roll i sin helhet. För att få en helhet i huruvida företagen kan påverkas av att bortse från revision är syftet också att undersöka hur företagets intressenter skulle ställa sig till att företaget inte längre påvisade en revision.Avgränsningar: Uppsatsen berör företag mellan dagens satta gränsvärden och EU direktivets maximala undantag.

According to the EC fuel regulations 2 % bio fuel has to be blended in all fuel by the year 2005, and 5.75 % by the year 2010, which means ethanol for gasoline driven vehicles, so there will be a substantial demand for ethanol. Brazil already has an established industry for producing ethanol and is the leading producer and exporter of fuel ethanol. My purpose with this paper is to investigate why Brazil decided to develop ethanol production on a large-scale operation and to find out today?s situation. Focus will mainly be on ethanol production with sugarcane as a feedstock.

Sex och samlevnad är ett mångfacetterat ämne som ska ge biologiska, sociala och etiska aspekter på samlevnad. Under de senaste 100 åren har synen på sex och sexualitet ändrats från att ha varit ett mer eller mindre tabubelagt ämne till att idag i mångas ögon vara överexploaterat. Sex och samlevnad finns idag i läroplanen från årskurs fyra. Tidigare studier har visat att ungdomar varit missnöjda med sex- och samlevnads-undervisningen i skolan samtidigt som den sexuella ohälsan bland unga ökar. Det primära syftet med studien var att undersöka unga kvinnor och mäns kunskap om preventivmedel, sexuellt överförbara infektioner och abort samt inställning till sex- och samlevnadsundervisning.

Horseracing is frequently referred to as the engine behind all horse activity in Sweden and it can be divided in to two main branches: harness racing and thoroughbred racing (HNS, 2008). Jump racing is a part of the thoroughbred racing and the jump racing is characterised by jumps on the racing track. Jump racing has been a part of the Swedish horseracing for over hundred years, but it has in recent years suffered from low economic profitability and been threatened by discontinuance (ATG & SG, 2008). Svensk Galopp, who is governing the horseracing in Sweden, has decided to increase the importance of jump racing. A workgroup was created for this purpose, and as a result of their work a strategy for the jump racing is supposed to be delivered in April 2009 (pers.

Policy document conversion in practice ? a qualitative study of five upper grade teachers approach to the 2011 policy documents in history.This essay examines five upper grade teachers approach to the new 2011 policy documents in the history school subject, as well as it?s impact on the teachers class room activities. Also, the study examines what factors have influenced this conversion process. Colleagues, the school management and the Swedish Skolverket (the Swedish school management organisation, controlled by the Swedish government) are in this study the main external influences that are studied. The study is carried out with an organisation theoretical approach, witch states that controlling the schools practical activities is hard, taking in to account a great variety of ?problems? that follow a teachers every day work.

This study investigates how nutrients from source-separated human urine from Gothenburg properties can be used as fertiliser in agriculture or for parks or sports fields. The initiator is the Department of Sustainable Water and Waste Management at the City of Gothenburg. Today urine-diverting systems are installed in two apartment buildings and two public-use buildings. Urine recycling is expected to lead to less exploitation of natural resources and less eutrophicating discharges into water recipients. In the study the urine?s market potential is investigated, for which practical handling issues, business aspects and acceptance of customers, employees and visitors have proved to be important.

Titel: Företagens behov av revision, efter avskaffandet av revisions-plikten för mindre företag i Sverige.Nivå: C-uppsats i ämnet företagsekonomiFörfattare: Jonas Lööw-Ohlson, Malin VestlundHandledare: Markku PenttinenDatum: 2013-02-20Syfte: Syftet med detta arbete är att undersöka hur revisionspliktens avskaffande påverkat de olika aktörer som berörs av denna förändring och att utifrån detta identifiera de faktorer som styr behovet och valet av frivillig revision i små aktiebolag i Sverige.Metod: Undersökningen har ett deduktivt angreppssätt med kvalitativ inriktning då insamlandet av empirisk data utgått ifrån den satta referensramen.Resultat och slutsats: Fördelar för företagen att välja frivillig revision är främst att revision anses tillföra tillförlitlighet till räkenskaperna och fungera som en kvalitetsstämpel för företaget i dess kontakter med yttre intressenter. Företagens behov av revision beror på vilka krav och förväntningar som ställs på deras redovisning från olika intressenter och hur väl revisionen hjälper företagen att uppfylla dessa krav. Det avgörande är om företagen upplever att den nytta de får av att välja frivillig revision uppväger kostnaden. Många av de farhågor och förhoppningar som de olika intressenterna hade inför avskaffandet har infriats. Det är dock ännu för tidigt att se hur skatteintäkter, skattefel och ekobrottslighet påverkats, men det ser inte ut som att det ska få så stor inverkan som förväntat, om någon alls.

Barn och ungdomar ägnar idag en betydande del av sin fritid till datoranvändning. I denna uppsats har vi valt att undersöka datoranvändningens eventuella effekter på ungdomarnas betyg i språk. Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka om man kan se samband mellan, dvs. positiva eller negativa effekter på, betygen i engelska hos elever i år 9 och deras datoranvändning utanför skoltid. Utifrån detta har vi även undersökt vilken typ av datoranvändning som har dessa effekter, hur lång tid framför datorn som motsvarar dessa resultat, samt om det finns skillnader mellan flickors och pojkars datoranvändning och deras mätbara språkkunskaper.

AbstractIn today's western society the self-help culture is widespread. It consist of varies of medias: from courses and tv-programs, to articles in papers and magazines and entire books. The aim of many of the self-help books is to help heterosexual couples with problems in their love-life. These books have a large number of readers and are sold in millions of copies around the entire western world every year. The self-help books are characterized by their strong heteronormativity where all women and all men tend to act and behave according to a given pattern.

The business mission of Norra Skogsägarna is to achieve a profitable forestry for the private forest owners. With this as a background it is of interest for the forest owner association to know how forest owners think about voluntary retentions, the methods of increasing production and quality and if there are differences between those who have chosen to certify their forest and those who haven?t. This kind of knowledge is of importance, to in an effectively and adjusted way, help the forest owners achieve a profitable forestry. The objective of this master thesis is to increase knowledge about private forest owners? opinions of the methods of increasing production and quality and to what extent these methods are used.

Stureholm Manor and garden is a relatively young farming unit on clay soil in the north western part of Skåne, a province in Southern Sweden. Since the middle of the 19th century the landscape has been actively cultivated and has been transformed from oak forrest into farmingland of high efficiency. The industrial era during the 19th and 20th centuries meant new posssibilites for cultivation of these clay soils. With equipment like steam ploughs and the possibility to obtain fertilizers, the harvest increased considerably. This increased prosperity provided estate Stureholm with a beatuiful corps de logi, a manor. The trends prevailing in Europe around the turn of the century 1800-1900 against the growing industrialism, was turned into a artisan movement known as Arts and Craft. The Swedish followers idealized our Swedish history and they took the turn of a national romantic movement that later turned into neoclassicism.