The conservation of great apes faces many challenges, one of which is the threat of infectious disease outbreaks. Zoonotic transmission of respiratory diseases from humans to wild great apes has recently been confirmed. Since respiratory disease is one of the major causes of death in both gorillas and chimpanzees, this gives reason for major concern. Little is known about the risks of disease transmission from humans to great apes in natural environments, and there is a need for systematic risk evaluation. Researchers, conservation staff and tourists spend time in very close proximity of wild great apes, sometimes during long time periods, which poses a potential risk of disease spillover. However, the presence of researchers and tourists has been shown to decrease the risk of poaching, making the matter increasingly complex.

Background: Sweden is a country where vitamin D deficiency seems to be common, partly because of its geographical position, which reduces the availability of UVB radiation, but also that people avoid sunlight due to increased skin cancer risk. Research shows that vitamin D plays an important role in the prevention of many diseases such as cancer as well as autoimmune and neuropsychiatric diseases.Vitamin D is a fat soluble pre-hormone and a collective name for closely related compounds which act as hormones after undergoing a transformation in the body.Humans can utilize vitamin D through diet and produce it in the body by exposing the skin to the sun. Previous observational studies and epidemiological studies have established a hypothesis that there seems to be an association between vitamin D supplementation and reduction of depressive symptoms.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate if vitamin D supplements may decrease depressive symptoms.Methods: This work is organized as a literature review and article search is made in the database PubMed in January 2012. Keywords used were ?vitamin D and depression? and inclusion criteria were: randomized clinical trials, be conducted on humans, written in English.

The purpose of this report is to examine the possibilities to decrease the number of insects and other pathogens in a crop of pak choi (Brassica rapa), grown with different types of cover and living mulches. Included in the report is a study of literature where amongst others, a summary on the vegetable pak choi and theories of living mulches and different kind of covers are to be found. To examine the amount of predators in the field, traps were used. During the autumn 2002 the tests were conducted in Alnarp. The pak choi and the living mulches were planted/sawn at the same time, the different covers were also applied at this time. The total experiment was divided into six different treatments (plus control) of which three were with covers and three were with living mulches. Once a week the number of leaves, the height and damages were read on ten of the plants from each parcel.

The grain market is facing substantial changes. Tradionally, cereal has been a supply-led market i.e. supply conditions have had a major impact on price level or indirectly, through market interventions implemented through the Common Agriculture Policy (CAP). Just a few years ago, Sweden and the EU were not affected so strongly by world market prices for cereals. EU was a surplus-area and to a substantial degree a local market.

With the globalization, companies in the West chose to shift production to developing countries to cut down costs. This had a major impact when child labor and very poor working conditions in these factories were discovered and led many companies to take responsibility for their suppliers and the employees by adopting voluntary so-called Codes of Conduct.There is a subtle balance to enforce improvement of working conditions for employees at suppliers´ factories and to keep costs down. On the one hand, companies would like to conduct extensive audits at their suppliers to ensure code of conduct compliance and thus protect their legitimacy. On the other hand, audits are expensive so companies would like to minimize audits to keep costs down. Companies thus have to strike a delicate balance in relation to how many and what suppliers they choose to audit.

Diabetes mellitus är en folksjukdom som ökar mer och mer för varje år. Att drabbas av diabetes innebär behov av livsstilsförändring som kräver kunskap om sjukdomens inverkan på individen. Det har länge varit känt att diabetes kan orsaka förändringar i sexualiteten. Omvårdnadens syfte är att stärka hälsa och förebygga sjukdom, att främja läkande och välbefinnande samt att underlätta liv med långvarig sjukdom, handikapp och lidande. Syftet med studien var att beskriva vilka faktorer som är relaterade till sexuella svårigheter hos diabetespatienter.

Syftet med föreliggande studie är att kartlägga och analysera pappors psykiska hälsa samt val av stress- och copingstrategier i samband med att deras barn insjuknat i långvarig kronisk sjukdom. Jag avser att göra jämförelser mellan papporna för att se om det finns skillnader i användandet av copingstrategier beroende på när sjukdomen uppträder, barnets ålder, pappornas utbildningsnivå, etnicitet osv. Mitt intresse är också att undersöka om dessa pappor känner sig nedstämda eller deprimerade utifrån att deras barn är sjukt eller om det finns andra faktorer som påverkar pappornas psykiska hälsa. Totalpopulationen bestod av 120 pappor till barn och ungdomar (födda 89- 06) diagnostiserade med inflammatoriska mag- tarmsjukdomar. 52 pappor deltog i studien.

In our everyday life we are faced with many choices that have consequences on the environment. One of these is the food we choose to eat since food production has a big impact on the environment. In organic production the aim is to have a natural production process, where environmental impacts are minimized. By choosing organic food it is therefore possible to contribute to a better environment. A large number of meals are served every day in the public sector, which makes it an important player in the consumer sector that could make a major difference for the environment..

Problem and purpose: The authors were interested in studying how large Swedish banks managed liquidity risks when facing the financial crisis of 2008 and whether the implementation of Basel II framework had an impact on the major Swedish banks' capital adequacy. Furthermore, the authors intend to examine how, based on the analysis of the implementation of Basel II, the introduction of Basel III will affect major Swedish banks' liquidity in the future.Method: The essay is written from a quantitative approach and has a deductive perspective. Data was collected from the annual reports of the selected banks to later use relevant theories to analyze the work.Theory: This part of the essay presents relevant theories, a detailed description of the Basel regulatory framework and its requirements, rules for capital adequacy and to relevant key to achieve the Basel regulatory requirements are considered. Furthermore the authors present criticism of the Basel framework and a summary of the key theoretical points to be used for analyzing empirical data.Empirical: In this chapter the data collected from selected banks is presented and processed.Conclusion: The essay authors present the deficiencies and weaknesses that make the Basel II regulatory framework inadequate for the Swedish financial market. Essay authors also present their opinions regarding how the latest form of the Basel regulations could have a more significant influence on the long-term stability of Swedish banks and how this may increase protection against potential liquidity risks..

Bakgrund: I Sverige brännskadas cirka 20 000 personer om året och cirka 1 363 patienter per år vårdas på sjukhus för sina brännskador. Livskvalitet betyder olika för samtliga människor beroende på vilken situation personen befinner sig i. En brännskada orsakad av en olyckshändelse kan utlösa en psykisk kris. Krisens faser är: chockfas, reaktionsfas, bearbetningsfas och nyorienteringsfas. En persons förmåga att hantera svårigheter i livet kan förstås utifrån känsla av sammanhang (KASAM).

Title: Defending one's origin ? a musical journey to Transylvania.A journey to the Transylvanian part of Romania was pursued with the intent to investigate the cultural aspects of the historically and politically rooted set of relations between the Hungarian peaking minority and the majority of the population, the Romanian speaking group. Music pedagogical ambitions within the two cultures were used as reflections of these phenomena. In trying to shed light on my questions and extract the relations between the dominating and the dominated in this specific cultural and social context I have used the central themes of Bourdieu ? capital, habitus and field.

BakgrundForskning har visat att Mindfulness-baserade program har positiv inverkan på olika sjukdomar i samband med traditionell behandling. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) bidrar till snabbare tillfrisknande, minskad stress och ökad livskvalitet (Ludwig & Kabat-Zinn, 2008). Enligt Baer, (2003) uttrycker kvinnor ett behov av komplement till den vanliga bröstcancerbehandlingen. En av de vanligaste komplementmetoderna som används är MBSR ? åttaveckorsprogrammet. SyfteSyftet var att belysa betydelsen av mindfulness och Mindfulnss-based stress reduction i anslutning till behandlingen av kvinnor med bröstcancer.  MetodLitteraturöversikt var den metod som skapar överblick över ett ämne.

Kenya is a country of 35 million people and is situated in Eastern Africa. 70% of thepopulation works within the agricultural sector and for many of them food insecurity is amajor problem. Maize and beans are today the staple food for many households. Goodfarming conditions enable two harvests per year and a potential maize yield of 4-5 tons perhectare.A major problem for many farmers in this area is the increase of the weed striga. The weedcauses severe yield losses, and has a major economic impact on smallholders.

The progress of the health among the elderly has a major meaning for the needs of care, nursing and social services. The health of the elderly has improved but fall and fall accidents are a major problem. Acute diseases, activities and environment risks are often related to fall accidents. The aim of the study was to describe health care staffs? opinions about fall risk and fall prevention.

I flera studier beskrivs hur traumatiska barndomsupplevelser och försummelse har samband med psykosocial hälsa/ohälsa i vuxen ålder. Studier visar även hur personlighet (temperament och karaktär) har samband med utvecklande av psykiska problem. I denna studie undersöks dessa faktorer tillsammans, dvs hur förekomsten av problematiska barndomsupplevelser tillsammans med temperamentsfaktorer i personligheten kan predicera olika aspekter av psykosocial hälsa/ohälsa såsom mognad, depression, ångest, social integration samt anknytning. Studien genomfördes i en studentpopulation (n = 228; 31 % män) där studenterna besvarade enkät inkluderade: CTQ BF som mäter barndomsupplevelser, personlighetstestet TCI. Vidare inkluderades SS13 som mäter social integration och anknytning samt HAD som mäter ångest och depression.